Force Evolutionary Billiards and Billiard Equivalence of the Euler and Lagrange Cases
Abstract A class of force evolutionary billiards is discovered that realizes important integrable Hamiltonian systems on all regular isoenergy 3-surfaces simultaneously, i.e., on the phase 4-space. It is proved that the well-known Euler and Lagrange integrable systems are billiard equivalent, although the degrees of their integrals are different (two and one).
1991 ◽
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2004 ◽
Vol 16
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pp. 823-849
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2018 ◽
Vol 57
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pp. 125-135
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Vol 16
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