scholarly journals Knowledge about epilepsy among health professionals: a cross-sectional survey in São Paulo, Brazil

BMJ Open ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. e000919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Luiz Vancini ◽  
Ana Amélia Benedito-Silva ◽  
Bolivar Saldanha Sousa ◽  
Sergio Gomes da Silva ◽  
Maria Iones Souza-Vancini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Microvessel density in the placental bed among preeclampsia patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarcisio Mota Coelho ◽  
Nelson Sass ◽  
Luiz Camano ◽  
Antonio Fernandes Moron ◽  
Rosiane Mattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Microvessel Density ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Morphological changes in the spiral arteries of the placental bed have been studied in patients with preeclampsia, one of the largest causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The reports show that vasospasm and vascular endothelial injury were two major pathological conditions for preeclampsia. The aim of this study was to investigate the microvessel density of spiral arteries in the placental bed, in pregnancies complicated by hypertension and proteinuria, and in normal pregnancies. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional survey of immunohistochemical studies on biopsies from the spiral arteries of the placental bed, among women undergoing cesarean sections for clinical and obstetrical reasons at Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Placental bed biopsies were obtained during cesarean section after placenta removal, with direct viewing of the central area of placenta insertion. The microvessel density of spiral arteries was measured by immunohistochemical methods in decidual and myometrial segments, using CD34 antibody. RESULTS: Biopsies containing spiral arteries were obtained from 34 hypertensive pregnant women with proteinuria, and 26 normotensive pregnant women. The microvessel densities in decidual and myometrial segments of the placental bed were compared between the groups. It was observed that, with increasing blood pressure and proteinuria, the microvessel density gradually decreased. CONCLUSION: The presence of high levels of hypertension and proteinuria may be associated with a progressive decrease in microvessel density in the placental bed.

scholarly journals Current Status of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in São Paulo Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s183-s183
Author(s):  
Silvia Sato ◽  
Geraldine Madalosso ◽  
Denise Assis ◽  
Lauro Perdigão-Neto ◽  
Anna Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Cdc Guidelines ◽  
Prophylaxis Guideline

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) consist of coordinated interventions designed to improve and measure appropriate antimicrobial use. Understanding the current structure of ASPs hospitals will support interventions for improvement or implementation of these programs. Objective: We aimed to describe the current status of ASP in hospitals in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey regarding ASP of hospitals in São Paulo state, Brazil, from March to July 2018. Through interviews by telephone or e-mail, we asked participants which components of IDSA/SHEA and CDC guidelines had been implemented. Results: The response rate was 30% (28 of 93 hospitals) and 26 of the hospitals (85%) reported having a formal ASP. Policies, practices, and strategies of surveyed ASP are detailed in Table 1. The most frequently implemented strategies were (1) antimicrobial surgical prophylaxis guideline (100%), (2) empiric sepsis guideline (93%), and (3) presence of ASP team member during bedside rounds (96%). The least commonly implemented strategies included prior authorization for all antimicrobials (11%), pharmacokinetic monitoring and adjustment program for patients on IV aminoglycosides (3%). Regarding metrics of the ASP, the most common indicator was the rates of antimicrobial resistance (77%). Overall, 18 hospitals (19%) used defined daily dose and only 29% used days of therapy. Moreover, 61% of hospitals reported their results to hospital the administration and 39% of hospitals reported their results to the prescribers. Conclusions: Most hospitals have a formal ASP, but there are opportunities for improvement. Future efforts should prioritize tracking and reporting ASP metrics.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Factors associated with attitudes towards HIV cure research among transgender women and travestis: a cross-sectional survey in São Paulo, Brazil

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e040092
Author(s):  
Robert J Wozniak ◽  
Natalia B Cerqueira ◽  
Maria Candida S Dantas ◽  
Bianca Mahafe ◽  
Daniel A C Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Hiv Cure ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Cure Research

ObjectiveCharacterising the perceptions of groups most affected by HIV is fundamental in establishing guidelines for biomedical advancement. Although Brazil has successfully fought HIV/AIDS through several measures, transgender women still have a likelihood of HIV infection 55 times higher than the general population. This study aimed to better understand the perception and awareness of HIV cure research among the trans-identifying population in São Paulo, Brazil, and to determine factors that motivate or discourage participation in HIV cure studies.SettingThis cross-sectional study analysed data collected from a questionnaire administered to 118 transgender women and travestis at 5 sites within the city of São Paulo. It uses quantitative methodology to describe the perspectives of transgender and travesti people in relation to HIV cure research and the context in which such perspectives are produced.ResultsOf 118 participants, most participants (73%) had some knowledge of HIV cure research and were most willing to participate in online surveys (52%), interviews (52%), focus groups (52%) and studies involving blood draws (57%). Those with a higher education or employment status were more likely to agree that someone had been cured of HIV, people living with HIV are discriminated against, and more information about HIV cure research is needed before the community embraces it. Only 55% of participants completely trusted their physician. The biggest motivational factors included gaining additional knowledge about HIV infection (77%) and the potential for a longer, healthier life for all (73%).ConclusionsAs a primary analysis of HIV cure attitudes among the transgender and travesti population as well as the social context in which they are formed, this study identifies opportunities to strengthen the dialogue and develop more educational collaborations between scientific investigators, community educators and the trans-identifying population to ensure that HIV cure research is inclusive of diverse perspectives.

scholarly journals American trypanosomiasis and electrocardiographic alterations among industrial workers in São Paulo, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moisés Goldbaum ◽  
Fabio Yoshito Ajimura ◽  
Júlio Litvoc ◽  
Silvino Alves de Carvalho ◽  
José Eluf-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urban Workers ◽  
Ecg Alterations ◽  
Ecg Abnormalities ◽  
Cruzi Infection

In this article, we evaluate electrocardiographic (ECG) alterations among urban workers from a mechanical-metallurgical industry in São Paulo, Brazil. In a cross-sectional survey carried out in 1980, we found 2.2% positive serological testing for Trypanosoma cruzi infection among 27,081 workers. A comparison between seropositive workers and a random sample of seronegative workers frequency-matched by age and occupation revealed that seropositive workers had a much lower educational level, and that a higher proportion of seropositive workers had ECG abnormalities (42.7%) when compared to those negative for T. cruzi infection (19.8%). The high frequency of ECG abnormalities suggests the need to provide medical assistance to these workers, without any kind of discrimination and to bring in a form of management that would decrease this dangerous risk to the workers and people around them.

scholarly journals Interventions by Physical Education professionals in Nuclei of Support to Family Health in São Paulo

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Romero ◽  
Paulo Guerra ◽  
Evelyn Costa ◽  
Taynã Santos ◽  
Douglas Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Professionals ◽  
Activity Groups

The aim of this study was to describe interventions developed by Physical Education professionals (PEP) inserted in the Nuclei of Support to Family Health (NASF) in the state of São Paulo. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 91PEP working in NASF of São Paulo, who answered by telephone. Data was analyzed descriptively (frequencies). Most participants were men with an average of 44 years of age. A greater part (96.7%) reported group sessions and shared sessions, independently of users health conditions. Gymnastics (76%) and walking (67%) were the most frequent activities. Most professionals did not intervene in school environments and did not participate in educational groups. The PEP mentioned the need for more spaces for the practice of physical activity, higher investment in interventions developed by the PEP prioritize the organization of physical activity groups in a shared environment, but are still missing the interventions in schools and broader educational activities.

Knowledge, Attitudes and associated factors to Use District Health Information System (DHIS2 data) for decision making among health professionals in a Resource limited settings: Cross-sectional Survey (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuma Gosha Kanfe ◽  
Nebyu Demeke Mengiste ◽  
Mohammedjud Hassen Ahmed ◽  
Gebiso Roba Debele ◽  
Berhanu Fikadie Endehabtu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Health Need

BACKGROUND Evidence based practice is a key to increase effectiveness and efficiency of quality health services. To achieve this, utilization of health facility data (DHIS2 data) is required which is determined by knowledge and attitudes of health professionals. Thus, this study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes of health professionals to use DHIS2 data for decision making. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and its associated factors among health professionals to use DHIS2 data for decision making at South west of Ethiopia 2020 METHODS Cross sectional quantitative study methods was conducted to assess Knowledge and Attitudes of health professionals to use DHIS2 data. A total of 264 participants were approached. SPSS version 22 software was used for data entry and analysis. Descriptive and analytical statistics including Bivariable and Multivariable analyses was done RESULTS Overall 130(49.2%) of the respondents had good knowledge to use DHIS2 data (95% CI: [43, 55.3]), whereas over 149 (56.4%) of the respondents had favorable attitudes towards the use of DHIS2 data for decision making purpose (95% CI: [53.2, 59.8]). Skills [AOR=2.20,95% CI:(1.16, 4.19)], Age [AOR= 1.92, 95% CI: (1.03, 3.59)] ,Resources[AOR=2.56, 95% CI:(1.35,4.86)], Staffing[AOR= 2.85, 95% CI : (1.49, 5.48)] and Experiences[AOR= 4.66, 95% CI: (1.94, 5.78)] were variables associated with knowledge to use DHIS2 data whereas Training [AOR= 5.59, 95% CI: (2.48, 5.42)], Feedback [AOR= 4.08, 95% CI: (1.87, 8.91)], Motivation [AOR=2.87, 95% CI: (1.36, 6.06)] and Health need [AOR=2.32, 95% CI: (1.10-4.92)] were variables associated with attitudes of health professionals to use DHIS2 data CONCLUSIONS In general, about half of the study participants had good knowledge of DHIS2 data utilization whereas more than half of respondents had favorable attitudes. Skills, resources, ages, staffing and experiences were the most determinant factors for the knowledge to use DHIS2 data whereas health need, motivation, feedback and training were determinant factors for attitudes to use DHIS2 data

scholarly journals Mix of destinations and sedentary behavior among Brazilian adults: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Antonio Florindo ◽  
Gavin Turrell ◽  
Leandro Martin Totaro Garcia ◽  
João Paulo dos Anjos Souza Barbosa ◽  
Michele Santos Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economies In Transition

Abstract Background Sedentary behavior is influenced by contextual, social, and individual factors, including the built environment. However, associations between the built environment and sitting time have not been extensively investigated in countries with economies in transition such as Brazil. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between sitting-time and access to a mix of destinations for adults from Sao Paulo city, Brazil. Methods This study uses data from the Health Survey of Sao Paulo. Sedentary behavior was assessed by a questionnaire using two questions: total sitting time in minutes on a usual weekday; and on a usual weekend day. The mix of destinations was measured by summing the number of facilities (comprising bus stops, train/subway stations, parks, squares, public recreation centres, bike paths, primary health care units, supermarkets, food stores, bakeries, and coffee-shops) within 500 m of each participant’s residence. Minutes of sitting time in a typical weekday and weekend day were the outcomes and the mix of destinations score in 500 m buffers was the exposure variable. Associations between the mix of destinations and sitting time were examined using multilevel linear regression: these models accounted for clustering within census tracts and households and adjusted for environmental, sociodemographic, and health-related factors. Results After adjustment for covariates, the mix of destinations was inversely associated with minutes of sitting time on a weekday (β=− 8.8, p=0.001) and weekend day (β=− 6.1, p=0.022). People who lived in areas with a greater mix of destinations had shorter average sitting times. Conclusion Greater mix of destinations within 500 m of peoples’ residences was inversely associated with sitting time on a typical weekday and weekend day. In Latin American cities like Sao Paulo built environments more favorable for walking may contribute to reducing sedentary behavior and prevent associated chronic disease.

Anemia and dementia among the elderly: the São Paulo Ageing & Health Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itamar S. Santos ◽  
Márcia Scazufca ◽  
Paulo A. Lotufo ◽  
Paulo R. Menezes ◽  
Isabela M. Benseñor
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Health Study ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Life Function

ABSTRACTBackground: Anemia and dementia are common diseases among the elderly, but conflicting data are available regarding an association between these two conditions. We analyzed data from the São Paulo Ageing & Health Study to address the relationship between anemia and dementia.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included participants aged 65 years and older from a deprived area of the borough of Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil. Data about demographics, education, income, and cognitive and daily life function were collected, as well as blood samples. Anemia and dementia were defined according to WHO and DSM-IV criteria, respectively.Results: Of the 2267 subjects meeting the inclusion criteria, 2072 agreed to participate in the study; of whom 1948 had a valid total blood count and were included in the analysis. Anemia was diagnosed in 203 (10.2%) participants and dementia in 99 (5.1%). The frequency of anemia was higher in patients with dementia according to univariate analysis (odds ratio (OR) = 2.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.17–3.41, p = 0.01), but this association was not present after adjusting for age (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.76–2.33, p = 0.32). Further multivariate adjustment did not change the results.Conclusion: Although anemia and dementia are frequent disorders in older people, we found their relationship to be mediated exclusively by aging in this low-income population from São Paulo.

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