scholarly journals Important food sources of fructose-containing sugars and incident gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e024171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Ayoub-Charette ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Tauseef A Khan ◽  
Fei Au-Yeung ◽  
Sonia Blanco Mejia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

ObjectiveSugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are associated with hyperuricaemia and gout. Whether other important food sources of fructose-containing sugars share this association is unclear.DesignTo assess the relation of important food sources of fructose-containing sugars with incident gout and hyperuricaemia, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library (through 13 September 2017). We included prospective cohort studies that investigated the relationship between food sources of sugar and incident gout or hyperuricaemia. Two independent reviewers extracted relevant data and assessed the risk of bias. We pooled natural-log transformed risk ratios (RRs) using the generic inverse variance method with random effects model and expressed as RR with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The overall certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.ResultsWe identified three studies (1 54 289 participants, 1761 cases of gout), comparing the highest with the lowest level of exposure for SSBs, fruit juices and fruits. No reports were found reporting incident hyperuricaemia. Fruit juice and SSB intake showed an adverse association (fruit juice: RR=1.77, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.61; SSB: RR=2.08, 95% CI 1.40 to 3.08), when comparing the highest to lowest intake of the most adjusted models. There was no significant association between fruit intake and gout (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.14). The strongest evidence was for the adverse association with SSB intake (moderate certainty), and the weakest evidence was for the adverse association with fruit juice intake (very low certainty) and lack of association with fruit intake (very low certainty).ConclusionThere is an adverse association of SSB and fruit juice intake with incident gout, which does not appear to extend to fruit intake. Further research is needed to improve our estimates.Trial registration numberNCT02702375; Results.

Important Food Sources of Sugars and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. S31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tauseef Khan ◽  
Mobushra Tayyiba ◽  
Sonia Blanco Mejia ◽  
Fei Au-Yeung ◽  
Cyril Kendall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

scholarly journals Relation of Food Sources of Fructose Containing Sugars With Incident Obesity Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1116-1116
Author(s):  
Andreea Zurbau ◽  
Sonia Blanco Mejia ◽  
Tauseef Khan ◽  
Meaghan Kavanagh ◽  
Andrea Glenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Obesity In Children

Abstract Objectives Sugars have been implicated in the epidemic of obesity. It is unclear whether food sources of fructose-containing sugars other than sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are associated with increased risk of obesity. To assess the evidence of the relation of food sources of fructose-containing sugars with incident overweight or obesity, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library through Aug 2019. We included prospective cohort studies of ≥1 year. Two reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. The primary outcome was incident overweight/obesity. Data were pooled using generic-inverse variance method (random effects) and expressed as relative risks (RR) for incident outcomes and ß-coefficients for WC with 95% confidence intervals (CI). GRADE assessed the certainty of evidence Results We included 12 and 8 prospective cohorts involving 181,295 adults and 31,717 children, respectively. Four food sources of fructose-containing sugars were identified: SSBs, 100% fruit juice, fruit and yogurt. There was no data available in children for yogurt or WC. SSBs were associated with increased incident overweight/obesity in children (RR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.03 to 1.44] but not in adults and increased incident abdominal obesity in both children (3.78 [1.08 to 13.25]) and adults (1.51 [1.11 to 2.06]), but there was no association with change in WC in adults. Fruit juice was associated with increased incident overweight/obesity in children (1.28 [1.07 to 1.53]) but not in adults, and there was no association with incident abdominal obesity in either children or adults or WC in adults. Fruit was associated with decreased incident overweight/obesity (0.87 [0.82 to 0.92]) and decreased WC (ß, −0.23 cm [−0.33 to −0.13]) in adults. Yogurt was associated with decreased incident abdominal obesity (0.65 [0.47 to 0.90]) in adults with no data available on WC. The certainty of the evidence was graded as “very low” to “moderate”. Conclusions Current evidence indicates that the relation between fructose-containing sugars and obesity outcomes differs by food sources. More research of more food sources of sugars is needed to improve our certainty in the evidence. (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02558920) Funding Sources ASN, Diabetes Canada, Banting and Best Diabetes Centre.

scholarly journals Relation of Food Sources of Fructose Containing Sugars with Incident Obesity Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1710-1710
Author(s):  
Andreea Zurbau ◽  
Sonia Blanco Mejia ◽  
Tauseef Khan ◽  
Laura Chiavaroli ◽  
Andrea Glenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Obesity In Children

Abstract Objectives Sugars have been implicated in the epidemic of obesity. It is unclear whether food sources of fructose-containing sugars other than sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are associated with increased risk of obesity. To assess the evidence of the relation of food sources of fructose-containing sugars with incident overweight or obesity, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library through Oct 2018. We included prospective cohort studies of ≥1 year. Two reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale). The primary outcome was incident overweight/obesity. Data were pooled using generic-inverse variance method with random effects model and expressed as relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). GRADE assessed the certainty of evidence. Results We included 20 prospective cohort studies: 9 (n = 25,422; 2614 events) and 6 (n = 119,137; 24,123 events) of incident overweight/obesity and 1 (n = 424; 47 events) and 7 (n = 29,166; 4255 events) of incident abdominal obesity in children and adults, respectively. Three food sources of fructose-containing sugars were identified: SSBs, fruit juice, and yogurt. SSBs were associated with increased incident overweight/obesity in children (RR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.03 to 1.44] but not in adults and increased incident abdominal obesity in both children (3.78 [1.08 to 13.25]) and adults (1.51 [1.11 to 2.06]). Fruit juice was associated with increased incident overweight/obesity in children (1.28 [1.07 to 1.53]) but not in adults, and there was no association with incident abdominal obesity in either children or adults. Yogurt was associated with decreased incident abdominal obesity (0.65 [0.47 to 0.90]) in adults with no data available for any outcome in children. The certainty of the evidence was graded as very low to low. Conclusions Current evidence indicates that the relation between fructose-containing sugars and obesity outcomes differs by food sources. Further research of different food sources of sugars is needed to improve our certainty in the evidence. (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02558920) Funding Sources American Society for Nutrition Foundation (commissioned and funded), Diabetes Canada.

Association between anaemia and adult depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-213842
Author(s):  
Yong-Jae Lee ◽  
Hong-Bae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Adult Depression

BackgroundSeveral observational studies have been conducted to investigate the link between anaemia and adult depression but have shown inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate this association.MethodsA comprehensive search of four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library) was conducted to identify relevant papers published up to November 2019 for the systematic review and meta-analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the methodological quality of selected studies. A random-effects model was used to draw metaestimates of the relationship between anaemia and adult depression.ResultsA total of 9706 papers were retrieved, and 14 observational epidemiological studies (9 case–control studies and 5 prospective cohort studies) comprising 10 764 cases of depression were finally included in this meta-analysis. The mean age of the participants ranged from 38.4 to 75.0 years. A significant association was identified between low haemoglobin levels and adult depression (OR or relative risk 1.43; 95% CI 1.23 to 1.65). Subgroup analyses according to study design, mean age, diagnostic criteria of anaemia, geographical region, number of participants, methodological quality and adjustment for various confounding factors such as education, smoking, comorbid disorders, physical activity, alcohol intake and medication use showed similar results.ConclusionsThe current study showed that anaemia was related to an increased risk of adult depression. One of the important limitations of our study was a moderate degree of heterogeneity due to the variety of assessment tools used to identify depression and the existence of publication bias. Another limitation of this meta-analysis was the lack of prospective cohort studies.

scholarly journals Customary physical activity and odds of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 111 prospective cohort studies

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-103140
Author(s):  
Rodney K Dishman ◽  
Cillian P McDowell ◽  
Matthew Payton Herring
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveTo explore whether physical activity is inversely associated with the onset of depression, we quantified the cumulative association of customary physical activity with incident depression and with an increase in subclinical depressive symptoms over time as reported from prospective observational studies.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and CINAHL Complete databases, supplemented by Google Scholar.Eligibility criteriaProspective cohort studies in adults, published prior to January 2020, reporting associations between physical activity and depression.Study appraisal and synthesisMultilevel random-effects meta-analysis was performed adjusting for study and cohort or region. Mixed-model meta-regression of putative modifiers.ResultsSearches yielded 111 reports including over 3 million adults sampled from 11 nations in five continents. Odds of incident cases of depression or an increase in subclinical depressive symptoms were reduced after exposure to physical activity (OR, 95% CI) in crude (0.69, 0.63 to 0.75; I2=93.7) and adjusted (0.79, 0.75 to 0.82; I2=87.6) analyses. Results were materially the same for incident depression and subclinical symptoms. Odds were lower after moderate or vigorous physical activity that met public health guidelines than after light physical activity. These odds were also lower when exposure to physical activity increased over time during a study period compared with the odds when physical activity was captured as a single baseline measure of exposure.ConclusionCustomary and increasing levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in observational studies are inversely associated with incident depression and the onset of subclinical depressive symptoms among adults regardless of global region, gender, age or follow-up period.

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