scholarly journals Associations between metal constituents of ambient particulate matter and mortality in England: an ecological study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e030140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Lavigne ◽  
Anna Freni Sterrantino ◽  
Silvia Liverani ◽  
Marta Blangiardo ◽  
Kees de Hoogh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incident Cases

ObjectivesTo investigate long-term associations between metal components of particulate matter (PM) and mortality and lung cancer incidence.DesignSmall area (ecological) study.SettingPopulation living in all wards (~9000 individuals per ward) in the London and Oxford area of England, comprising 13.6 million individuals.Exposure and outcome measuresWe used land use regression models originally used in the Transport related Air Pollution and Health Impacts—Integrated Methodologies for Assessing Particulate Matter study to estimate exposure to copper, iron and zinc in ambient air PM. We examined associations of metal exposure with Office for National Statistics mortality data from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and respiratory causes and with lung cancer incidence during 2008–2011.ResultsThere were 108 478 CVD deaths, 48 483 respiratory deaths and 24 849 incident cases of lung cancer in the study period and area. Using Poisson regression models adjusted for area-level deprivation, tobacco sales and ethnicity, we found associations between cardiovascular mortality and PM2.5 copper with interdecile range (IDR 2.6–5.7 ng/m3) and IDR relative risk (RR) 1.005 (95%CI 1.001 to 1.009) and between respiratory mortality and PM10 zinc (IDR 1135–153 ng/m3) and IDR RR 1.136 (95%CI 1.010 to 1.277). We did not find relevant associations for lung cancer incidence. Metal elements were highly correlated.ConclusionOur analysis showed small but not fully consistent adverse associations between mortality and particulate metal exposures likely derived from non-tailpipe road traffic emissions (brake and tyre wear), which have previously been associated with increases in inflammatory markers in the blood.

scholarly journals Trends in lung cancer incidence by age, sex and histology from 2012 to 2025 in Catalonia (Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Guarga ◽  
Alberto Ameijide ◽  
Rafael Marcos-Gragera ◽  
Marià Carulla ◽  
Joaquim Delgadillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Histological Type ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractLung cancer remains one the most common cancers in Europe and ranks first in terms of cancer mortality in both sexes. Incidence rates vary by region and depend above all on the prevalence of tobacco consumption. In this study we describe recent trends in lung cancer incidence by sex, age and histological type in Catalonia and project changes according to histology by 2025. Bayesian age-period-cohort models were used to predict trends in lung cancer incidence according to histological type from 2012 to 2025, using data from the population-based Catalan cancer registries. Data suggest a decrease in the absolute number of new cases in men under the age of 70 years and an increase in women aged 60 years or older. Adenocarcinoma was the most common type in both sexes, while squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma were decreasing significantly among men. In both sexes, the incident cases increased by 16% for patients over 70 years. Increases in adenocarcinoma and rising incidence in elderly patients suggest the need to prioritize strategies based on multidisciplinary teams, which should include geriatric specialists.

An Ecological Study of the Association of Metal Air Pollutants with Lung Cancer Incidence in Texas

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 654-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne M. Coyle ◽  
Abu T. Minahjuddin ◽  
Linda S. Hynan ◽  
John D. Minna
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence

Lung cancer incidence and ambient air pollution in China: a spatial age–period cohort study 1990–2009

The Lancet ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 386 ◽  
pp. S5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuming Guo ◽  
Hongmei Zeng ◽  
Rongshou Zheng ◽  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Adrian G Barnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence

scholarly journals Associations between ambient air pollution and cancer incidence in Taiwan: an ecological study of geographical variations

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Yung Su ◽  
Yung-Po Liaw ◽  
Jing-Rong Jhuang ◽  
Shu-Yi Hsu ◽  
Chun-Ju Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Abstract Background Air pollution is a global public health concern. The World Health Organization has recently set up a goal of saving 7 million people globally by 2030 from air pollution related death. We conducted an ecological study of geographical variation to explore the association between air pollution (specifically, particulate matter <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter [PM2.5], particulate matter <10 μm in aerodynamic diameter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, and ozone) and cancer incidence in Taiwan, from 2012 to 2016. Methods In this study, the yearly average concentrations of each air pollutant at 75 air quality monitoring stations were calculated, and using the kriging method, the concentrations were extrapolated to each and every geographical central point of 349 local administrative areas of Taiwan. Spearman rank correlation coefficients between the age-adjusted cancer incidence rates and various air pollutants were calculated by stratifying genders and urbanization degrees of the local administrative areas. A total of 70 correlation coefficients were calculated. Results In total, 17 correlation coefficients were significantly positive at an alpha level of 0.05. Among these, four correlation coefficients between the age-adjusted cancer incidence rates and PM2.5 levels remained significant after Bonferroni correction. For men in developing towns, general towns, and aged towns and for women in aged towns, the age-adjusted cancer incidence rates increased 13.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.8–17.6), 11 (95% CI, 5.6–16.4), 16.7 (95% CI, 6.9–26.4), and 11.9 (95% CI, 5.6–18.2) per 100,000 populations, respectively, for every 1 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 concentrations. Conclusions A significantly positive correlation was observed between the PM2.5 level and cancer incidence rate after multiple testing correction.

scholarly journals An Ecological Study of the Association of Metal Air Pollutants with Lung Cancer Incidence in Texas

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 654-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne M. Coyle ◽  
Abu T. Minahjuddin ◽  
Linda S. Hynan ◽  
John D. Minna
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence

scholarly journals Lung cancer incidence decreases with elevation: evidence for oxygen as an inhaled carcinogen

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamen P. Simeonov ◽  
Daniel S. Himmelstein
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Atmospheric Concentration ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Cancer ◽  
Ambient Oxygen

The atmospheric concentration of oxygen, a driver of free radical damage and tumorigenesis, decreases sharply with rising elevation. To understand whether ambient oxygen concentrations play a role in human carcinogenesis, we characterized age-adjusted cancer incidence (compiled by the National Cancer Institute from 2005–2009) across counties of the elevation-varying Western United States and compared trends displayed by respiratory cancer (lung) and non-respiratory cancers (breast, colorectal, and prostate). To adjust for important demographic and cancer-risk factors, 8–12 covariates were considered for each cancer. We produced sensible regression models that captured known risks. Models demonstrated that elevation strongly, negatively associates with lung cancer incidence (p < 10−16), but not with incidence of non-respiratory cancers. For every 1000 meter rise in elevation, lung cancer incidence decreased by 7.23 [99% CI: 5.18–9.29] cases per 100,000 individuals, equivalent to 12.7% of the mean incidence, 56.8. As a predictor of lung cancer incidence, elevation was second only to smoking prevalence in terms of significance and effect size. Furthermore, no evidence of uncontrolled confounding or ecological fallacy was detected: the lung cancer association was robust to varying regression models, county stratification, and population subgrouping; additionally seven environmental correlates of elevation, such as exposure to sunlight and fine particulate matter, could not capture the association. Overall, our findings suggest the presence of an inhaled carcinogen inherently and inversely tied to elevation, offering epidemiological support for oxygen-driven tumorigenesis. Finally, highlighting the need to consider elevation in studies of lung cancer, we demonstrated that previously reported inverse lung cancer associations with radon and UVB became insignificant after accounting for elevation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document