Intimate partner violence and breastfeeding: a systematic review

ObjectiveThe association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and breastfeeding is unclear. We conducted a systematic review to summarise the evidence of breastfeeding outcomes following exposure to IPV.DesignSystematic review.MethodsWe searched for published studies without study design or language restrictions (up to July 2019) in the following databases: PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS and The Global Health Library. Studies assessing various breastfeeding outcomes (initiation, duration and exclusive breastfeeding) in women exposed to IPV in any form (physical, psychological or sexual) and at any stage (1 year pre-pregnancy, during or post-pregnancy) were included. Two authors independently selected the studies and conducted the quality appraisal by use of the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results were summarised taking precision and quality into account.ResultsA total of 16 studies (participants n=414 393) were included and they adjusted for a total of 48 different confounders. The majority of studies were cross-sectional (n=11) and most studies were judged to be fair/low quality. Four out of seven studies found that IPV exposure shortened breastfeeding duration (adjusted ORs/aORs=0.22 (95% CI: 0.05–0.85), 1.18 (95% CI: 1.01–1.37), 5.92 (95% CI: 1.72–27.98), 1.28 (95% CI: 1.18–1.39)). Further, 5/10 studies found that IPV led to early termination of exclusive breastfeeding (aORs=1.53 (95% CI: 1.01–23.1), 0.83 (95% CI: 0.71–0.96), 1.35 (95% CI: 1.07–1.71), 0.17 (95% CI: 0.07–0.4), 1839 (95% CI: 1.61–2911)) and 2/6 studies found that IPV significantly reduced breastfeeding initiation (aORs=2.00 (95% CI: 1.2–3.3), 0.81 (95% CI: 0.7–0.93)).ConclusionIPV exposure appears to associate negatively with some breastfeeding outcomes. Individual patient data meta-analysis is required to quantify the magnitude of the association for specific IPV-outcome combinations. More high-quality studies and definition of core confounders are warranted.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019129353.

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Worldwide Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in Pregnancy. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.738459 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Rosario M. Román-Gálvez ◽

Sandra Martín-Peláez ◽

Borja M. Fernández-Félix ◽

Javier Zamora ◽

Khalid S. Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Quality Criteria ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Size Estimation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects outcomes of mothers and their offspring. This systematic review collated the worldwide literature on the prevalence rates of different types of IPV in pregnancy.Methods: Two reviewers independently identified cross sectional and cohort studies of IPV prevalence in pregnancy in online databases (PubMed, WOS and Scopus), selected and extracted data [participants' country, study quality, measurement tool (validation and purpose) and rates of IPV in pregnancy]. We considered a high quality study if it had a prospective design, an adequate sampling method, a sample size estimation, a response rate > 90%, a contemporary ascertainment of IPV in the index pregnancy, and a well-developed detailed IPV tool. We performed random effects meta-analysis and explored reasons for heterogeneity of rates.Results: One hundred fifty-five studies were included, of which 44 (28%) met two-thirds of the quality criteria. Worldwide prevalence of physical (126 studies, 220,462 participants), psychological (113 studies, 189,630 participants) and sexual (98 studies, 155,324 participants) IPV in pregnancy was 9.2% (95% CI 7.7–11.1%, I2 95.9%), 18.7% (15.1–22.9%, I2 98.2%), 5.5% (4.0–7.5%, I2 93.4%), respectively. Where several types of IPV were reported combined, the prevalence of any kind of IPV (118 studies, 124,838 participants) was 25.0% (20.3, 30.5%, I2 98.6%). IPV rates varied within and between continents, being the highest in Africa and the lowest in Europe (p < 0.001). Rates also varied according to measurement purpose, being higher for diagnosis than for screening, in physical (p = 0.022) and sexual (p = 0.014) IPV.Conclusions: IPV prevalence in pregnancy varies across countries, with one-quarter of mothers exposed on average globally. Routine systematic antenatal detection should be applied worldwide.Systematic Review Registration: identifier: CRD42020176131.

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PROTOCOL: Technology‐based and digital interventions for intimate partner violence: A meta‐analysis and systematic review

Campbell Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1002/cl2.1132 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chuka Emezue ◽

Tina L. Bloom

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Digital Interventions

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Meta-analysis and systematic review for the treatment of perpetrators of intimate partner violence

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 220-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Günnur Karakurt ◽

Esin Koç ◽

Ezgi Elif Çetinsaya ◽

Zozan Ayluçtarhan ◽

Shari Bolen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Intimate Partner

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An Evidence Synthesis of Covert Online Strategies Regarding Intimate Partner Violence

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838020957985 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 152483802095798

Author(s):

Aikaterini Grimani ◽

Anna Gavine ◽

Wendy Moncur

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Evidence Synthesis ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Easy Access ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Online Social Media ◽

Online Strategies

This systematic review synthesizes evidence of how people use the internet to deploy covert strategies around escaping from, or perpetrating, intimate partner violence (IPV). Online tools and services can facilitate individuals leaving abusive relationships, yet they can also act as a barrier to departure. They may also enable abusive behaviors. A comprehensive literature search of published and unpublished studies in electronic databases was conducted. Two researchers independently screened abstracts and full texts for study eligibility and evaluated the quality of included studies. The systematic review includes 22 studies (9 qualitative and 11 cross-sectional studies, a randomized control trial [RCT] and a nonrandomized study [NRS]) published between 2004 and 2017. Four covert behaviors linked to covert online strategies around IPV were identified: presence online, granular control, use of digital support tools and services, and stalking and surveillance. The same technology that provides individuals with easy access to information and supportive services related to IPV, such as digital devices, tools, and services, also enables perpetrators to monitor or harass their partners. This review takes a rigorous interdisciplinary approach to synthesizing knowledge on the covert strategies adopted by people in relation to IPV. It has particular relevance to practitioners who support survivors in increasing awareness of the role of digital technologies in IPV, to law enforcement agencies in identifying new forms of evidence of abuse, and in enabling designers of online/social media applications to take the needs and vulnerabilities of IPV survivors into account.

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Predictive value of indicators for identifying child maltreatment and intimate partner violence in coded electronic health records: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2020-319027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 106 (1) ◽

pp. 44-53

Author(s):

Shabeer Syed ◽

Rachel Ashwick ◽

Marco Schlosser ◽

Arturo Gonzalez-Izquierdo ◽

Leah Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Child Maltreatment ◽

Electronic Health Records ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Health Records ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Electronic Health

ObjectiveElectronic health records (EHRs) are routinely used to identify family violence, yet reliable evidence of their validity remains limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the positive predictive values (PPVs) of coded indicators in EHRs for identifying intimate partner violence (IPV) and child maltreatment (CM), including prenatal neglect.MethodsWe searched 18 electronic databases between January 1980 and May 2020 for studies comparing any coded indicator of IPV or CM including prenatal neglect defined as neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) or fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), against an independent reference standard. We pooled PPVs for each indicator using random effects meta-analyses.ResultsWe included 88 studies (3 875 183 individuals) involving 15 indicators for identifying CM in the prenatal period and childhood (0–18 years) and five indicators for IPV among women of reproductive age (12–50 years). Based on the International Classification of Disease system, the pooled PPV was over 80% for NAS (16 studies) but lower for FAS (<40%; seven studies). For young children, primary diagnoses of CM, specific injury presentations (eg, rib fractures and retinal haemorrhages) and assaults showed a high PPV for CM (pooled PPVs: 55.9%–87.8%). Indicators of IPV in women had a high PPV, with primary diagnoses correctly identifying IPV in >85% of cases.ConclusionsCoded indicators in EHRs have a high likelihood of correctly classifying types of CM and IPV across the life course, providing a useful tool for assessment, support and monitoring of high-risk groups in health services and research.

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Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Against HIV-Positive Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Mixed-Method Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838020906560 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 152483802090656 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eric Y. Tenkorang ◽

Michael Asamoah-Boaheng ◽

Adobea Y. Owusu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

Sub Saharan

Objectives: To systematically analyze and summarize the literature on intimate partner violence (IPV) against HIV-positive women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to identify their risk factors for IPV. Method: A comprehensive review of the literature using the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) yielded 1,879 articles (PubMed = 1,251, Embase = 491, Web of Science = 132, and identified additional records = 5). Twenty were selected for quantitative and qualitative assessment and synthesis. We employed a random effects model with generic inverse variance method and estimated the odds ratios. Findings: Results indicated a high prevalence of physical, sexual, and emotional violence against women living with HIV/AIDS in SSA. Educational background, alcohol use, marital status, previous experiences with IPV, and employment status were identified as significant risk factors. We also assessed the methodological quality of the articles by examining publication bias and some heterogeneity statistics. Conclusion: There is limited research on IPV against HIV-positive women in SSA. However, the few existing studies agree on the importance of targeting HIV-positive women with specific interventions given their vulnerability to IPV and to address factors exacerbating these risks and vulnerabilities.

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