PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES AND WORK INSTABILITY IN MS

For people with MS (PWMS) the relationship between job retention and psychological factors is unclear. This may lead to psychological interventions to aid job retention. This study aims to investigate relationships between psychological factors, work instability and MS in a longitudinal prospective study of PWMS in paid employment.Participants completed two time point questionnaire packs of validated scales with repeat testing planned. 221 employed PWMS were recruited. Mean age was 40.6; 75.1% were female. 91% had relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). 213 (96.4%) completed the baseline questionnaire, 199 completed month 8. Disease progression was mostly stable with just 3% transitioning from RRMS. 57.2% were at medium/high risk of job loss, with only marginal changes in work instability at 8 months. 14% reported high physical and psychological impact of MS at baseline which remained unchanged. There was a strong association between risk of job loss and both physical and psychological variables. Some psychological variables fluctuated, e.g. depression fell from 24.6% to 14.5%. No changes were reported in levels of fatigue or pain over this period.Psychological attributes in MS appear to fluctuate but contribute to work instability. Further investigation will clarify this relationship and inform possible intervention strategies.

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Psychological Impact of Work-Integrated Learning Programmes in Malaysia: The Moderating Role of Self-Esteem on Relation between Self-Efficacy and Self-Confidence

International Journal of Educational Psychology ◽

10.17583/ijep.2019.3389 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 188 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amar Hisham Jaaffar ◽

Hazril Izwar Ibrahim ◽

Jegatheesan Rajadurai ◽

M. Sadiq Sohail

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Integrated Learning ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Psychological Attributes ◽

Work Integrated Learning ◽

The Relationship

This study further extends a theoretical model of psychological empowerment by investigating the relationships between self-efficacy, self-confidence and self-esteem. A sample of by 383 of Malaysian undergraduates participating in Work Integrated Learning (WIL)programmes across five public universities is used to test the model employing partial-least squares based structural equation modelling .The results have demonstrated that self-efficacy and self-esteem have a positive and significant relationship with self-confidence. This study also confirms the moderating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between self-efficacy and self-confidence. Furthermore, the findings of this study provide insight of the influence of WIL programmes on the undergraduates’ psychological attributes. These findings have implications for WIL stakeholders, which are highlighted in the paper.

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Psychological aspects of rheumatoid arthritis

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291700039702 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 159-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

B. M. Gardiner

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Psychological Assessment ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Attitudes And Beliefs ◽

Psychiatric Disturbance ◽

Psychological Variables ◽

Follow Up Care ◽

The Relationship

SYNOPSISThis study had 3 aims: to determine whether rheumatoid arthritics had certain personality traits; to examine the relationship between psychological factors and the presence of rheumatoid factor in blood serum; and to explore the prognostic significance of psychological factors in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Within a few days of discharge, 129 in-patient rheumatoid arthritics were clinically and psychologically assessed and allocated at random to 1 of 3 forms of follow-up care. The psychological assessment included measures of personality, non-psychotic psychiatric disturbance, and attitudes and beliefs. A year later all patients were reassessed. It was found that rheumatoid arthritics were more neurotic in personality, more likely to give socially desirable responses, and more prone to psychiatric disturbance, than the general population. Seropositive patients were less susceptible to psychiatric disturbance than seronegative patients. None of the psychological variables predicted disease activity, but those patients who rated themselves as ‘slow, dependent, and weak’ lost more time off work in the subsequent year.

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Stress, immunity and illness — a review

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291700024958 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 393-407 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

Barbara Dorian ◽

Paul E. Garfinkel

Keyword(s):

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Immune System ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Animal Studies ◽

Disease Susceptibility ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Physical Illness ◽

Psychological Variables ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

The Relationship

SynopsisPsychological factors have long been thought to play a contributing role in either the predisposition, onset or course of various physical illnesses. Recently, rapid advances in immunology have created interest in the interaction between psychosocial factors, behaviour and the immune system. This paper reviews some of the models proposed to explain the relationship between psychological variables and physical illness and presents evidence for a contribution of psychological factors to certain illnesses in which abnormalities in immunologic state are thought to be important. From a somewhat different perspective, animal studies have demonstrated complex effects of stress, on disease susceptibility. Recent human studies have demonstrated consistent immunologic changes in people undergoing acute naturally occurring psychological stress such as bereavement or an important examination. In humans, the effects of chronic stress may be different from acute stress, corresponding to the findings in animals. Abnormalities in immunologic functioning and physical illness are reviewed for different psychiatric disorders — depression, anorexia nervosa and schizophrenia; depression is the only disorder which consistently demonstrated immunologic changes. Possible mechanisms for the stress/immune-change relationship are suggested.

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The Survey of the Relationship between Investment Incentives and Opportunities to Make a Profit of the Stock Price Based on Economic Psychological Factors and Advances Behavioral Finance in the Capital Market of Iran

International Conference on Trends in Economics, Humanities and Management (ICTEHM'15) March 27-28, 2015 Singapore ◽

10.15242/icehm.ed0315003 ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Finance ◽

Capital Market ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Stock Price ◽

Investment Incentives ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Capital Market

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Uric Acid and Hypertension: Prognostic Role and Guide for Treatment

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10030448 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 448

Author(s):

Federica Piani ◽

Arrigo F. G. Cicero ◽

Claudio Borghi

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Mendelian Randomization ◽

Strong Association ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Hypertensive Disease ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Lowering Therapy ◽

The Relationship

The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and hypertension has been a subject of increasing interest since the 1870 discovery by Frederick Akbar Mahomed. Several epidemiological studies have shown a strong association between high SUA levels and the presence or the development of hypertension. Genetic analyses have found that xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) genetic polymorphisms are associated with hypertension. However, genetic studies on urate transporters and Mendelian randomization studies failed to demonstrate a causal relationship between SUA and hypertension. Results from clinical trials on the role of urate-lowering therapy in the management of patients with hypertension are not uniform. Our study sought to analyze the prognostic and therapeutic role of SUA in the hypertensive disease, from uric acid (UA) biology to clinical trials on urate-lowering therapies.

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Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Chronic Illness: The Relationship between Psychological Factors, Treatment Adherence, and Health Outcomes

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.prrv.2021.05.008 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer M. Rohan ◽

Marcia A. Winter

Keyword(s):

Chronic Illness ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Treatment Adherence ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Ethical Considerations ◽

Pediatric Chronic Illness ◽

The Relationship

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086 Sleep midpoint after job loss predicts breakfast skipping patterns

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.085 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A36-A36

Author(s):

Leah Callovini ◽

Gaby Gubka ◽

Candace Mayer ◽

Darlynn Rojo-Wissar ◽

David Glickenstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Job Loss ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Daily Routine ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Circadian Phase ◽

Breakfast Skipping ◽

Occupational Transitions ◽

The Relationship ◽

Significant Covariates

Abstract Introduction Few studies have examined circadian phase after job loss, an event that upends daily routine. It is common that a daily routine begins with the consumption of breakfast, and breakfast behavior may contribute to health status in adults. Therefore, we sought to examine whether a later midpoint of sleep was associated with breakfast skipping among adults whose schedules were no longer dictated by employment. Methods Data were obtained from the Assessing Daily Activity Patterns Through Occupational Transitions (ADAPT) study. The sample of 155 participants had involuntarily lost their jobs in the last 90 days. Both cross-sectional and 18-month longitudinal analyses assessed the relationship between sleep midpoint after job loss and current and later breakfast skipping. Assessment periods were 14 days. Sleep was measured via actigraphy, and breakfast skipping was measured via daily diary (1 = had breakfast; 0 = did not have breakfast). The midpoint of sleep was calculated as the circular center based on actigraphy sleep onset and offset times. Results The midpoint of sleep at baseline was negatively associated with breakfast consumption at baseline (B = -.09, SE = .02, p = .000). Also, a later midpoint was associated with breakfast skipping over the next 18 months (estimate = -.08; SE = .02; p = .000). Prospective findings remained significant when adjusting for gender, ethnicity, age, perceived stress, body mass index (BMI), education, and reemployment over time. Education (estimate = 14.26, SE = 6.23, p < .05) and BMI (estimate = -.51, SE = .25, p < .05) were the only significant covariates. No other sleep indices predicted breakfast behavior cross-sectionally or prospectively. Conclusion Consistent with research in adolescents, unemployed adults with a later circadian phase are more likely to skip breakfast more often. Breakfast skipping was also associated with higher BMI. Taken together, these findings provide support for the future testing of sleep/wake scheduling interventions to modify breakfast skipping and potentially mitigate weight gain after job loss. Support (if any) #1R01HL117995-01A1

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The Construct of Subjective Economic Inequality

Social Psychological and Personality Science ◽

10.1177/1948550621996867 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194855062199686

Author(s):

Anita Schmalor ◽

Steven J. Heine

Keyword(s):

Economic Inequality ◽

Past Research ◽

Objective Measures ◽

Subjective Measure ◽

Psychological Variables ◽

American Sample ◽

Key Variables ◽

The Relationship ◽

Measures Of Inequality

Economic inequality has been associated with a host of social ills, but most research has focused on objective measures of inequality. We argue that economic inequality also has a subjective component, and understanding the effects of economic inequality will be deepened by considering the ways that people perceive inequality. In an American sample ( N = 1,014), we find that some of the key variables that past research has found to correlate with objective inequality also correlate with a subjective measure of inequality. Across six countries ( N = 683), we find that the relationship between subjective inequality and different psychological variables varies by country. Subjective inequality shows only modest correlations with objective inequality and varies by sociodemographic background.

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