scholarly journals Effect of outdoor particulate air pollution on FEV1 in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 583-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Edginton ◽  
Dylan E O’Sullivan ◽  
Will King ◽  
M Diane Lougheed
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Particulate Air Pollution ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The effect of acute and long-term exposures to outdoor particulate air pollution on lung function in healthy adults is not well established. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of studies that assessed the relationship of outdoor particulate air pollution and lung function in healthy adults. Studies that contained data on outdoor air particulate matter levels (PM10 or PM2.5) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in healthy adults were eligible for inclusion. Effect estimates, in relation to long-term and acute exposures, were quantified separately using random effects models. A total of 27 effect estimates from 23 studies were included in this review. Acute exposures were typically assessed with PM2.5, while long-term exposures were predominantly represented by PM10. A 10 µg/m3 increase in short-term PM2.5 exposure (days) was associated with a −7.02 mL (95% CI −11.75 to –2.29) change in FEV1. A 10 µg/m3 difference in long-term PM10 exposure was associated with a −8.72 mL (95% CI −15.39 to –2.07) annual change in FEV1 and an absolute difference in FEV1 of −71.36 mL (95% CI −134.47 to –8.24). This study provides evidence that acute and long-term exposure to outdoor particulate air pollution are associated with decreased FEV1 in healthy adults. Residual confounding from other risk factors, such as smoking, may explain some of the effect for long-term exposures. More studies are required to determine the relationship of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and short-term exposure to PM10, which may have different biologic mechanisms.

PENGARUH INSTRUMEN SERTIFIKAT BANK INDONESIA (SBI), PASAR UANG ANTAR BANK (PUAB), SERTIFIKAT BANK INDONESIA SYARIAH (SBIS), PASAR UANG ANTAR BANK SYARIAH (PUAS) TERHADAP M2 DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2009-2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Sakinah Rachman ◽  
Sri Herianingrum
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Conventional Instrument ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to determine to know the relationship of short term and long term of dualism monetary instrument, in conventional there is SBI, and PUAB, money supply (M2) and in islamic instrument there is SBIS,PUAS and money supply (M2). The approach used is a quantitative approach using VAR/VECM. The results of the analysis most contribution most retrieved from M2 variable. While conventional instrument rated the more stable and able to provide higer valure campared to islamic instruments. The result showed that variable of SBIhave positive significant corelation in long term and has contributions reached 10,1%. PUAB variable showed that have significant in long term by giving contribution of 4,68%. Next in islamic instrument, SBIS significant on long term by providing a contribution amount 1,01%, while PUAS have a significant in long term with contribution reached 25,27%. The results of the analysis most contribution most retrieved from M2 variable.

scholarly journals Short-term air pollution exposure decreases lung function: a repeated measures study in healthy adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Int Panis ◽  
Eline B Provost ◽  
Bianca Cox ◽  
Tijs Louwies ◽  
Michelle Laeremans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Air Pollution Exposure ◽  
Pollution Exposure

scholarly journals Preterm Birth and Subsequent Risk of Acute Childhood Leukemia: a Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 1229-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-tao Huang ◽  
Yun-fei Gao ◽  
Mei Zhong ◽  
Yan-hong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subsequent Risk

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) has been recognized as a crucial long term risk factor for multiple non-communicable diseases. However, studies between the relationship of PTB and the risk of acute childhood leukemia have yielded inconclusive results. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to systematically review the current literature to investigate whether PTB is associated with increased risk of acute childhood leukemia. Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE) were searched up to December 1st, 2015. Relevant studies reporting the association between PTB and subsequent risk of acute childhood leukemia were included for further evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using Revmen 5.3 and Stata 10.0. Results: A total of 12 studies for acute childhood leukemia, eight studies for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and seven studies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were included in the current meta-analyses. We calculated pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate the relationship between PTB and acute childhood leukemia as well as its two subtypes: ALL and AML. Our results suggested that PTB was significantly associated with increased risk of acute childhood leukemia (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.02-1.17, P = 0.01) and AML (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.21-1.67, P < 0.01). However, PTB was not significantly associated with an increased risk of ALL (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.96-1.13, P = 0.29). Conclusion: Our data showed that PTB increased the risk of AML. Further studies are required to explore causality and dissect the biological mechanisms involved.

Transnational practices of migrants from post-Soviet states in Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Anna Endryushko
Keyword(s):  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Household Economy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Migration Strategies ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

For the first time, using quantitative survey data, the author analyze prevalence of the main transnational practices of migrants from the post-Soviet states in the Moscow region. The empirical basis of the study consists  of the sociological surveys of migrants conducted in 2017 and 2020 by the Center for Ethnopolitical and Regional Studies for the Higher School of Economics and the team of the Center for the Study of Interethnic Relations of the IS FCTAS RAS . The author concludes that close relationships exist between migrants and their countries of origin, as well as the widespread prevalence of transnational practices. The basis of ties consists of frequent trips to the country of origin, the presence of a large number of relatives in the country of origin, regular communication with them, as well as regular cash transfers from migrants to their homeland, which form the basis of the household economy in these countries. The relationship of some transnational practices (including remittances) with the long-term migration strategies of the respondents suggests that the reorientation of migration from short-term to long-term will also reduce the scale of transnationalism.

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