Secondhand smoke exposure and risk following the Irish smoking ban: an assessment of salivary cotinine concentrations in hotel workers and air nicotine levels in bars

Smoke-free home rules restrict smoking in the home, but biomarkers of secondhand smoke exposure are needed to help understand the association between smoke-free homes and child secondhand smoke exposure. Participants (n = 346) were majority Black/African American mother–child dyads from a longitudinal study in North Carolina. Mothers completed questionnaires on household smoking behaviors and rules, and child saliva samples were assayed for secondhand smoke exposure. Regression models used smoke-free home rules to predict child risk for secondhand smoke exposure. Children in households with smoke-free home rules had less salivary cotinine and risk for secondhand smoke exposure. After controlling for smokers in the household, home smoking rules were not a significant predictor of secondhand smoke exposure. Compared to children in households with no smokers, children in households with at least one smoker but a non-smoking mother (OR 5.35, 95% CI: 2.22, 13.17) and households with at least one smoker including a smoking mother (OR 13.73, 95% CI: 6.06, 33.28) had greater risk for secondhand smoke exposure. Results suggest smoke-free home rules are not sufficient to fully protect children from secondhand smoke exposure, especially in homes with smokers. Future research should focus on how household members who smoke can facilitate the prevention of child secondhand smoke exposure.

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Full and Home Smoking Ban Adoption After a Randomized Controlled Trial Targeting Secondhand Smoke Exposure Reduction

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntu201 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 612-616 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

J. S. Nicholson ◽

M. J. McDermott ◽

Q. Huang ◽

H. Zhang ◽

V. L. Tyc

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Smoking Ban ◽

Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Exposure Reduction ◽

Home Smoking Ban

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Impact of the 2011 Spanish Smoking Ban in Hospitality Venues: Indoor Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Influence of Outdoor Smoking

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/nts218 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 992-996 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

M. J. Lopez ◽

E. Fernandez ◽

M. Perez-Rios ◽

J. M. Martinez-Sanchez ◽

A. Schiaffino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Smoking Ban ◽

Secondhand Smoke Exposure

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Reduced Secondhand Smoke Exposure After Implementation of a Comprehensive Statewide Smoking Ban—New York, June 26, 2003–June 30, 2004

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.298.12.1392 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 298 (12) ◽

pp. 1392 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Smoking Ban ◽

Secondhand Smoke Exposure

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Secondhand smoke exposure in bars and restaurants in Guatemala City: before and after smoking ban evaluation

Cancer Causes & Control ◽

10.1007/s10552-010-9673-8 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 151-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Joaquin Barnoya ◽

Mariel Arvizu ◽

Miranda R. Jones ◽

Juan C. Hernandez ◽

Patrick N. Breysse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Smoking Ban ◽

Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽

Guatemala City ◽

Before And After

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Influence of family resources on secondhand smoking in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study in the border and minority urban areas of Northwest China

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-020-03251-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jiangyun Chen ◽

Xinhui Li ◽

Pengqian Fang

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Population Characteristics ◽

Smoking Ban ◽

Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽

Smoking Bans ◽

Family Resources ◽

Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Abstract Background Pregnant women’s exposure to secondhand smoke is a very serious health issue in China. The purpose of our research is to identify factors that predict the probability of exposure to secondhand smoke among pregnant women from the perspective of a family-based open system. Methods From September 2014 to August 2015, Urumqi City, Shihezi City, and Shawan County-level City were sampled according to population characteristics. A revised structured questionnaire based on family resources was adapted for use in this study. Questionnaires were collected via convenience sampling at the hospitals with the largest number of local antenatal clients. A total of 1249 pregnant women of age 18–51 years were investigated. Descriptive statistics were calculated to characterize the participants and study variables. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of family resources corresponding variables on the likelihood that participants would be exposed to SHS. Both unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR/AOR) [with 95% confidence intervals (CI)] were reported. Results The secondhand smoke exposure rate found in this study was 54.6%. Having good knowledge of the dangers of secondhand smoke had no effect on reducing the prevalence of exposure (P > 0.05). Even pregnant women whose husbands who did not use tobacco or never smoked nearby had a risk of exposure to secondhand smoke [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.568, 95% CI 1.205–2.041] when the data were adjusted for age, gravidity, gestational weeks, knowledge of the dangers of secondhand smoke, location, and work status. Home smoking bans were confirmed to be an important protective factor (AOR 1.710, 95% CI 1.549–1.918); however, only one-third (33.5%) of participants reported having a smoking ban at home. Religion (mainly Islam), as a special external family resource, was a protective factor that reduced secondhand smoke exposure in pregnant women (AOR 0.399, 95% CI 0.312–0.510). Conclusions The effect of family resources on tobacco control should be considered in the development of effective and enduring strategies for indoor smoking bans and smoking cessation.

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