Coniferin, a biochemical indicator of commitment to tracheid differentiation in conifers

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2663-2668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney Arthur Savidge
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Larix Laricina ◽  
Tracheid Differentiation

Endogenous E-coniferin was characterized chemically and found to accumulate in cambia of Picea glauca, Pinus banksiana, Pinus strobus, and Larix laricina at the time of resumption of springtime cell-division activity and well before the initiation of lignification in differentiating tracheids. Coniferin content, quantified by high performance liquid chromatography, was highest on the centripetal side of the cambium, in developing xylem, at time of radial expansion of cambial derivatives. Stem ringing resulted in coniferin accumulation above the ring and disappearance below the ring. Coniferin was absent from leaves and dormant cambia. Exogenous coniferin was metabolized rapidly by in vitro cultures of P. strobus cambium grown on a defined medium containing the auxins 1-naphthalene acetic acid and indol-3-yl acetic acid and the cytokinin benzylaminopurine. The evidence suggests coniferin content of the cambium will be of practical value for determining commitment to and competence for wood formation in conifers.

In vitro propagation, genetic and phytochemical assessment of Thymus persicus — a medicinally important source of pentacyclic triterpenoids

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziba Bakhtiar ◽  
Mohammad Mirjalili ◽  
Ali Sonboli ◽  
Mahdi Farimani ◽  
Mahdi Ayyari
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoids ◽  
Thymus Persicus

AbstractThymus persicus (Ronniger ex Rech. f.) Jalas is a valuable and endangered natural source of antitumor pentacyclic triterpenoids, i.e., betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, which grows in northwest Iran. As the plant has a low propagation rate in nature, a suitable method for in vitro-propagation is needed. With the aim of identifying a suitable system for regenerating T. persicus via direct organogenesis, Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators (PGRs) was tested. In vitro-grown shoot tips were exposed to the cytokinins 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (KN), and thidiazuron (TDZ), alone or in combination with the auxins 1-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The highest shoot formation (7.1 ± 0.9) was obtained with a medium fortified with 8.9 μM BAP plus 2.7 μM NAA. Regenerated shoots were easily rooted on the different tested media, with the most abundant (16.6 ± 1.4) and strongest roots obtained on half-strength MS medium containing 2.5 μM IBA. The rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized (76.6%) in a greenhouse before transference to natural conditions. Homogeneity and phytochemical productivity of the in vitro regenerated plantlets were confirmed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation, Huperzine A Content and Antioxidant Activity of Three Genotypic Huperzia serrata

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1112
Author(s):  
Yan Yang ◽  
Liangfang Dai ◽  
Decai Wu ◽  
Limin Dong ◽  
Yisheng Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Huperzine A ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Huperzia Serrata ◽  
Chromatography Analysis

Huperzia serrata is a traditional herb and endangered Chinese medicinal material, which has attracted much attention due to its production of Huperzine A (HupA). In vitro propagation of H. serrata is considered a new way to relieve the resource pressure of H. serrata. In this study, three different genotypic wild H. serrata were used for in vitro propagation. Then, the antioxidant activity and the content of HupA in the regenerated H. serrata were investigated. The results showed the survival rate of the explant was increased to 25.37% when using multiple sterilization processes. The best induction medium for H. serrata was the Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg·L−1 Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg·L−1 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), where the regeneration rate of the explant was to 57.04%. The best proliferation medium was the SH medium with NAA (1.0 mg·L−1), as the biomass of in vitro tissue increased 164.17 ± 0.41 times. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the in vitro culture of three genotypes could produce HupA and the content of HupA was 53.90–87.17 µg·g−1. The antioxidant experiment showed that the methanol extract of in vitro H. serrata had higher antioxidant activity than that of wild H. serrata. This study provides a reliable in vitro H. serrata culture protocol and laid an important foundation for the antioxidant capacity of the thallus and the content of HupA.

scholarly journals Influence of growth regulators and explants on shoot regeneration in carnation

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Kanwar ◽  
S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Number Of Shoots

The influence of growth regulators, explants and their interactions on in vitro shoot bud formation from callus was studied in <I>Dianthus caryophyllus</I> L. The leaf and internode explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of growth regulators. The highest callus induction was observed with 2 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA). Out of twenty seven shoot regeneration media tested, only 2 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ) and zeatin alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and/or indole acetic acid (IAA) could differentiate calli. The highest average number of shoots was observed with 2 mg/l TDZ and 1 mg/l IAA. Significant differences were observed in calli producing shoots and number of shoots per callus in the explants of leaf and internode. The shoots were elongated and multiplied on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA and solidified with 1% agar. The shoots were rooted and hardened with 76% survival success in pots after six weeks of transfer to the pots.

In vitro regeneration of Persian poppy (Papaver bracteatum)

Biologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Rostampour ◽  
Haleh Sohi ◽  
Ali Dehestani
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Papaver Bracteatum ◽  
Callus Proliferation

AbstractPersian poppy (Papaver bracteatum Lindl.) is an important commercial source of medicinal opiates and related compounds. In this research, calli were induced from seeds, roots, cotyledons and hypocotyls of P. bracteatum at a high efficiency. The optimized callus induction media consisted of the Murashige and Skoog (MS) basic media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.1 mg/L kinetin and 15 mg/L ascorbic acid. The concentrations of 2,4-D and ascorbic acid were found critical to callus induction and proliferation. Subsequent subcultures resulted in excellent callus proliferation. Ascorbic acid at concentration 15 mg/L increased the callus proliferation significantly. Maximum callus growth was achieved when the explants were incubated at 25°C. MS salts at full strength were found inhibitory for callus induction, while ľ MS salts were found to favor callus induction. Shoot regeneration of calli in vitro was achieved on ľ MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L benzylamine purine and 1.0 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid. Analysis of alkaloid extracts from Persian poppy tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography showed that thebaine accumulated in the tissues of plants. The thebaine alkaloid profile of the Persian poppy is a well-defined model to evaluate the potential for metabolic engineering of thebaine production in P. bracteatum.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Digitalis trojana Ivanina., an Endemic Medicinal Plant of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurşen Çördük ◽  
Cüneyt Aki
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Northwestern Turkey ◽  
Helen Of Troy ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant

Digitalis trojana Ivanina is a member of the Plantaginaceae family and known by its common name, Helen of Troy foxglove. It is perennial endemic to Çanakkale and Balıkesir, northwestern Turkey. In order to develop an efficient shoot regeneration protocol, the leaf explants of D. trojana were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 6-benzyl adenine (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 mg/L) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg/L), 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.8% (w/v) agar. The highest number of regenerated shoots was obtained from leaf explants that were cultured on MS medium with 3.0 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L NAA. Regenerated shoots were rooted on MS medium without plant growth regulators. Rooted plants (2–3 cm) were separately transferred to pots containing a mixture of peat and perlite (2:1 v/v) and acclimatized successfully in a growth chamber.

scholarly journals Perbanyakan Massa Anggrek Dendrobium Gradita 10 Secara In Vitro Melalui Embriogenesis Somatik

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Fitri Rachmawati ◽  
A. Purwito ◽  
N.M.A. Wiendi ◽  
N.A. Mattjik ◽  
Budi Winarto
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid

Ketersediaan protokol perbanyakan massa anggrek Dendrobium secara <em>in vitro</em> memiliki peranan penting dalam mendukung pengembangan industri benih di dalam negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan teknologi perbanyakan massa Dendrobium Gradita 10 melalui embriogenesis somatik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan dan Rumah Kaca Anggrek Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Segunung, Pacet, Cianjur, mulai bulan Maret sampai dengan Desember 2012. Penelitian<br />disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima ulangan. Jenis eksplan, media, periode subkultur, dan kepadatan kalus diujicobakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daun planlet dan media ½ Murashige &amp; Skoog (MS) + 1 mg/l Thidiazuron (TDZ) + 0,5 mg/l N6-benzyladenine (BA) merupakan jenis eksplan dan media terbaik untuk induksi kalus embriogenik hingga 80% dengan waktu pembentukan kalus tercepat (26,3 hari setelah kultur). Proliferasi kalus embriogenik terbaik terdapat pada media ½ MS + 0,3 mg/l TDZ + 0,1 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) dengan kepadatan kalus 2–3 g kalus/25 ml medium. Pertumbuhan kalus embriogenik teroptimal terdapat pada periode subkultur yang ke-2. Konversi kalus embriogenik menjadi embrio somatik mencapai 79% pada subkultur ke-3 ditemukan pada media ½ MS + 0,05 mg/l BA. Perkecambahan embrio maksimal dengan 21,7 planlet per gerombol embrio ditemukan pada media ½ MS + 0,05 mg/l BA. Keberhasilan pengembangan teknologi perbanyakan massa anggrek Dendrobium Gradita 10 secara in vitro melalui embriogenesis somatik diharapkan memiliki dampak besar terhadap pengembangan teknologi perbanyakan massa benih untuk jenis Dendrobium yang lain.

scholarly journals Influence of Indole acetic acid and Tryptophan on production of Vinblastine and Vincristine of Catharanthus roseous callus cells in the accumulation media of In Vitro tissue culture

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1113-1119
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Culture Technique

This study on the plant of Ain –AL Bason Catharanthus roseous showed the ability of callus cells that is produced by In Vitro culture technique and transformed to the accumulated media (MS 40gm/L sucrose ,2gm/L IAA Indole acetic acid , 0.5gm/L Tryptophan) to produce Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds. Extraction, purification and quantitive determination of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds using High performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC)were carried out. The results showed that the highest concentration of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds were ( 4.653,12.5 (ppm /0.5 dry Wight respectively from transformed callus cells from MS 40 gm /L sucrose , 2 gm / L NAA Naphthaline acetic acid .

scholarly journals In vitro callus induction of gerbera from leaf explant

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sadia Afrin Jui ◽  
Md. Mijanur Rahman Rajib ◽  
M. Mofazzal Hossain ◽  
Sharmila Rani Mallik ◽  
Iffat Jahan Nur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Leaf Explant ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on leaf explant of Gerbera for callus induction. Various kinds of plant growth regulators such as 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were used to initiate cultures. These were added to Murashige and Skoog medium in different combinations and concentrations. Leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP+ 2, 4-D+ IAA in T4 treatment & BAP+ 2,4-D in T5 treatment showed the best results for callus induction. On the other hand callus was induced early in the combination of BA+ 2,4-D + IAA hormone in T5, T9 & T8 treatment respectively. The rate of callus induction was very low in BA + NAA combinations but it was much earlier.   

scholarly journals In vitro seed germination and seedling development of Phaius tancarvilleae (L’Her.) Blume.

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 50-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijaya Pant ◽  
Sumitra Shrestha ◽  
Shreeti Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ideal Condition ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
Protocorm Formation

In vitro seed germination and seedling development of Phaius tancarvilleae (L’Her.) Blume. was carried out on 0.8%(w/v) agar solidified MS Medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) without hormones or supplemented with different concentration and combination of Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l of BAP was the most ideal condition for early seed germination, protocorm formation and development of seedlings. Germination started after 7 weeks of culture and complete seedlings were obtained after 24 weeks of culture. This protocol might be helpful for mass propagation of orchids by asymbiotic seed germination. Keywords: Orchid; Invitro; Protocorm; Media DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sw.v9i9.5518 SW 2011; 9(9): 50-52

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