CD24 and CD49f expressions of E14.5 mouse mammary anlagen cells define putative distribution of earlier embryonic mammary stem cell activities

Stem cell biology offers promise for understanding the origins of the mammary gland. However, the distribution of mammary stem cell (MaSC) activities at earlier embryonic stages has not been fully identified. The markers for sorting adult MaSC, CD24, CD29, and CD49f have been applied to analyze fetal MaSCs. Here we explored mammary anlagen MaSCs by investigating the expression of CD24 and CD49f. According to the comparative analysis between adult mammary gland and fetal mammary anlagen, we found that fetal mouse mammary anlagen may possess a high percentage of potential MaSCs. Flow cytometry analysis revealed 2 distinct mammary anlagen populations: Lin–CD24med and Lin–CD24high. Sphere-forming and mammary repopulating assays confirmed that the stem cell activity of E14.5 mouse mammary anlagen was restricted to the Lin–CD24med cell population. Furthermore, CD24med mammary anlagen cells were separated into Lin–CD24medCD49f+ and Lin–CD24medCD49f– populations and identified, respectively. The results proved that the mammary anlagen Lin–CD24medCD49f+ cell population possesses more stem cell activities than the Lin–CD24medCD49f– cell population. However, a limited numbers of stem cells and large numbers of stromal cells were identified in mammary anlagen in the Lin–CD24med cell population.

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3D Differentiation Of Mammosphere Derived Macaca fascicularis’s Mammary Stem Cells

Journal of Stem Cell Research and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.20473/jscrte.v3i1.16330 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Silmi Mariya

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Mammary Gland ◽

Cell Population ◽

Mammary Stem Cell ◽

Stem Cell Population ◽

Stem Cell Markers ◽

Mammary Stem Cells ◽

Surgical Biopsy ◽

Mammary Stem

The mammary gland contains adult stem cells that are capable of self-renewal. This population plays an important role in the development of mammary gland and breast cancer pathogenesis. The studies of mammary stem cells are limited due to the difficulty to acquire and expand adult stem cell population in an undifferentiated state. In this study, we developed mammosphere cultures of nulliparous cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis; Mf) as a culture system to enrich mammary stem cells. This species has similarity of mammary gland structure as humans including anatomy, developmental stages, and lobule profile of mammary gland. The use of stem cells from primate animals is essential to bridge the knowledge gaps resulting from stem cell research using rodents for clinical trials in human. Small samples of mammary tissues were collected by surgical biopsy; cells were cultured as monolayer and cryopreserved. Cryopreserved cells were cultured into mammospheres, and the expression of markers for mammary stem cells was evaluated using qPCR. Cells were further differentiated with 3D approaches to evaluate morphology and organoid budding. The study showed that mammosphere culture resulted in an increase in the expression of mammary stem cell markers with each passage. The 3D differentiation in matrigel allowed for organoid formation. Mammary gland stem cells have been successfully differentiated which characterized by CSN2 marker expression and differentiation regulators marker STAT5 and GATA3. The results indicate that mammospheres can be successfully developed derived from breast tissue of nulliparous Mf collected via surgical biopsy. As the mammosphere allows for enrichment of mammary stem cell population, the findings also suggest that a 3-dimensional system is efficient as in-vitro model to study mammary stem cells and a useful system to study mammary differentiation in regards to cancer prevention.

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Metalloproteinases in mammary stem cell activity

Nature Cell Biology ◽

10.1038/ncb2845 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 1033-1033

Author(s):

Nathalie Le Bot

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Activity ◽

Mammary Stem Cell ◽

Stem Cell Activity ◽

Mammary Stem

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Base Behavior behind Budding Breasts: Integrins and Mammary Stem Cell Activity

Cell Stem Cell ◽

10.1016/j.stem.2008.06.006 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 5-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Caroline M. Alexander

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Activity ◽

Mammary Stem Cell ◽

Stem Cell Activity ◽

Mammary Stem

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Dissociation of estrogen receptor expression and in vivo stem cell activity in the mammary gland

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.200604065 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 176 (1) ◽

pp. 19-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 217

Author(s):

Katherine E. Sleeman ◽

Howard Kendrick ◽

David Robertson ◽

Clare M. Isacke ◽

Alan Ashworth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Epithelial Cell ◽

Cell Activity ◽

Mammary Stem Cell ◽

Stem Cell Proliferation ◽

Stem Cell Activity ◽

Mammary Stem

The role of estrogen in promoting mammary stem cell proliferation remains controversial. It is unclear if estrogen receptor (ER)–expressing cells have stem/progenitor activity themselves or if they act in a paracrine fashion to stimulate stem cell proliferation. We have used flow cytometry to prospectively isolate mouse mammary ER-expressing epithelial cells and shown, using analysis of gene expression patterns and cell type–specific markers, that they form a distinct luminal epithelial cell subpopulation that expresses not only the ER but also the progesterone and prolactin receptors. Furthermore, we have used an in vivo functional transplantation assay to directly demonstrate that the ER-expressing luminal epithelial subpopulation contains little in vivo stem cell activity. Rather, the mammary stem cell activity is found within the basal mammary epithelial cell population. Therefore, ER-expressing cells of the mammary epithelium are distinct from the mammary stem cell population, and the effects of estrogen on mammary stem cells are likely to be mediated indirectly. These results are important for our understanding of cellular responses to hormonal stimulation in the normal breast and in breast cancer.

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