STUDIES ON THE CONTROL OF ROOT-ROT DISEASES OF CEREALS: IV. INFLUENCE OF MECHANICAL SEED INJURY ON INFECTION BY FUSARIUM CULMORUM IN WHEAT

The results of field experiments made in 1932, 1933, and 1934, to determine the effect of mechanical seed injury on the incidence of root rot caused by Fusarium culmorum and on yield in wheat are presented.Successful positive attacks of Fusarium root rot were experimentally induced in field plots. The tests showed that reduced emergence, increased root rot, and reduced yield uniformly followed the planting of injured wheat seed; and that the amount of disease increased and the yield decreased with an increase in the degree of seed injury. In these experiments Mindum and Marquis wheat seemed equally affected by seed injury.The investigation suggests that the large annual losses in yield caused by root-rot diseases of cereals in Western Canada may be substantially reduced by sowing clean, vigorous, sound seed.

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STUDIES ON FOOT AND ROOT ROT OF WHEAT: I. EFFECT OF AGE OF THE WHEAT PLANT UPON THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOOT AND ROOT ROT

Canadian Journal of Research ◽

10.1139/cjr33-050 ◽

1933 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 483-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

W. C. Broadfoot

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Fusarium Culmorum ◽

Wheat Plant ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Critical Studies ◽

Helminthosporium Sativum ◽

Unsterilized Soil ◽

Micro Organisms ◽

Effect Of Age ◽

Made In

Studies were made to determine whether, in sterilized inoculated soil, Marquis wheat plants became more or less susceptible during the post-seedling stage to Ophiobolus graminis, Helminthosporium sativum, and Fusarium culmorum. While it was found that the plants in the seedling stage were more susceptible than at later stages, there was, with the technique used, no evidence that the plants become more or less susceptible during the post-seedling stage. The reasons for indefinite evidence on this important question are given. In sterilized soil, in open pot culture, inoculum of O. graminis was definitely more virulent when alone than when mixed singly or in combination with H. sativum, F. culmorum or Leptosphaeria herpotrichoides. The virulence of all pathogenes mentioned decreased progressively in sterilized soil, the greatest decrease taking place during the first 40 days, after which they were only slightly pathogenic and at the end of 120 days inoculum of O. graminis was impotent. The virulence of inoculum when added to unsterilized soil was greatly reduced in contrast with that in sterilized soil, and after 10 days it was practically at a minimum. These results emphasize the necessity of protecting inoculated sterilized soil against contamination by other micro-organisms in critical studies made in soil. They also throw light on the much recognized difficulty of producing foot rot in the field by prepared inoculum added to such soil.

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Identification of microsatellite markers linked to quantitative trait loci controlling resistance to Fusarium root rot in field pea

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps09176 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 91 (1) ◽

pp. 199-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

J. Feng ◽

R. Hwang ◽

K. F. Chang ◽

R. L. Conner ◽

S. F. Hwang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Root Rot ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Field Pea ◽

Phenotypic Variance ◽

Fusarium Root Rot ◽

Ril Population ◽

Trait Loci

Feng, J., Hwang, R., Chang, K. F., Conner, R. L., Hwang, S. F., Strelkov, S. E., Gossen, B. D., McLaren, D. L. and Xue, A. G. 2011. Identification of microsatellite markers linked to quantitative trait loci controlling resistance to Fusarium root rot in field pea. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 199–204. Fusarium root rot, caused by Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f. sp. pisi (F. R. Jones) W. C. Snyder & H. N. Hans, is the most common root disease of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) in western Canada. In this study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (n=71) of field pea, derived from crosses between a resistant cultivar Carman, and a susceptible cultivar Reward, was evaluated to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling resistance to Fusarium root rot. The parental genotypes and RILs were evaluated for resistance to root rot following inoculation with F. solani in field experiments during 2007 and 2008. The frequency distribution of disease severities among the RILs was continuous. Transgressive segregation for resistance was observed among the RILs, with five lines more resistant than Carman, but no lines were more susceptible than Reward. To identify DNA markers linked with the resistance, 213 microsatellite markers were screened with genomic DNA from the two parental cultivars. Only 14 markers were polymorphic between the two parents and were used to genotype each of the RILs. Quantitative trait loci analysis based on the mean disease severity data from 2007 and 2008 identified a QTL that explained 39.0% of the phenotypic variance in the RIL population. This QTL is flanked by markers AA416 and AB60 on linkage group VII. The microsatellite markers that are closely linked to this QTL may be useful for marker assisted selection to develop cultivars with superior Fusarium root rot resistance.

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EVALUATION OF SPRING BARLEYS FOR REACTION TO Fusarium culmorum SEEDLING BLIGHT AND ROOT ROT

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps88-002 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 23-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

WILLIAM E. GREY ◽

DONALD E. MATHRE

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Root Rot ◽

Plant Disease ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Fusarium Culmorum ◽

Field Tests ◽

Mature Plant ◽

Seedling Blight ◽

Plant Emergence

The effects of Fusarium seedling blight and root rot, caused by Fusarium culmorum, on plant emergence, harvestable tillers, grain yield and disease reaction in 12 spring barley cultivars were studied in greenhouse and field experiments at Bozeman, Mt. in 1984 and 1985. Atomization of F. culmorum macroconidia onto seed increased disease severity in greenhouse seedlings and mature plants in the field as compared with noninoculated seed. In the inoculated treatments the mean disease rating, based upon the extent of discoloration of the seedling coleoptile or the mature plant subcrown internode, differentiated resistant and susceptible two- and six-rowed cultivars. Among the 12 cultivars, seedling and mature plant disease reactions were not correlated. In 1985 field tests, F. culmorum inoculation reduced the plant emergence of all two-rowed, but only one six-rowed cultivar. Plant emergence in 1985 field tests was negatively correlated with greenhouse seedling and field mature plant disease reactions. To remove the effects of stand reduction by inoculation and determine the subsequent effect of infection on grain yield, the plant stand of a control treatment was hand-thinned to equal that of the inoculated treatment. Generally, F. culmorum inoculation had no effect on harvestable tillers or grain yield when compared with the hand-thinned control. The ease with which seed can be inoculated with the pathogen makes this technique a useful tool in evaluating the ability of a genotype to compensate for stand reduction and to tolerate root rot infection.Key words: Disease tolerance, dryland root rot

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Yield reduction caused by a soil-borne disease of naked, dwarf, and conventional oat in Finland

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.72758 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 475-483

Author(s):

Pirjo Peltonen-Sainio ◽

Jari P. T. Valkonen ◽

Hilkka Koponen

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Fusarium Culmorum ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Yield Losses ◽

Fusarium Spp ◽

Warm Weather ◽

The University ◽

Field Plots

A severe disease occurred in the field plots of naked (cv. Salomon), dwarf (cv. Pal), and conventional oat (cvs. Jalostettu maatiainen and Salo) at the Viikki Experimental Farm of the University of Helsinki, Finland, in 1994 and 1995. Symptoms were expressed as grayish-brown necrotic areas on the lower leaves which killed plants from the seedling to heading stage, the effect being cultivar dependent. The proportion of plants killed contributed to the yield losses. The infection also resulted in less grains per panicle and lower weight of both panicle and vegetative above-ground biomass. From a total of 57 fungal isolates obtained from infected leaves, Fusarium culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc. and F. sambucinum Fuck, dominated and subsequently caused infection (particularly foot and root rot) in oat in laboratory tests. These two Fusarium spp. were considered to be the primary causal agents of the symptoms observed in the field, although other pathogens may have been present. The disease was probably soil-borne. The results of this study suggested that the unusually dry and warm weather during late June and in July was the principal factor behind the severe disease outbreak.

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'Shinano Hope', a Fusarium Root Rot-Resistant Lettuce

Engei Gakkai zasshi ◽

10.2503/jjshs.73.429 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 73 (5) ◽

pp. 429-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nobuaki Tsuchiya ◽

Kiyoshi Yoshida ◽

Tomita Usui ◽

Motohisa Tsukada

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Fusarium Root Rot

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Management strategies to reduce losses caused by fusarium seedling blight of field pea

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps2012-293 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 619-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

K. F. Chang ◽

S. F. Hwang ◽

H. U. Ahmed ◽

B. D. Gossen ◽

G. D. Turnbull ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Stand Density ◽

Field Trials ◽

Field Pea ◽

Seedling Blight ◽

Inoculum Level ◽

Fusarium Seedling Blight ◽

Disease Pressure

Chang, K. F., Hwang, S. F., Ahmed, H. U., Gossen, B. D., Turnbull, G. D. and Strelkov, S. E. 2013. Management strategies to reduce losses caused by fusarium seedling blight of field pea. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 619–625. Fusarium seedling blight can cause substantial reductions in the stand density of field pea in western Canada. In greenhouse experiments, emergence decreased and root rot severity rose with increasing inoculum density. In field trials in 2007 and 2008 near Edmonton, AB, seeding at different depths and seeding dates did not consistently affect emergence or yield in Fusarium-infested soils. In field experiments, emergence declined significantly with each increase in inoculum level. Also, seed yield were reduced at high levels of disease pressure. Treatment of seed with Apron Maxx improved emergence, nodulation and yield of treatments challenged with inoculum of F. avenaceum in both greenhouse and field experiments. This research demonstrates the need to prevent seedling blight and root rot through proper seed treatment.

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Effectively controlling Fusarium root rot disease of Angelica sinensis and enhancing soil fertility with a novel attapulgite-coated biocontrol agent

Applied Soil Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 168 ◽

pp. 104121

Author(s):

Yang Liu ◽

Yuan Tian ◽

Liang Yue ◽

Uwaremwe Constantine ◽

Xia Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Root Rot ◽

Biocontrol Agent ◽

Angelica Sinensis ◽

Fusarium Root Rot ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease

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FUSARIUM ROOT ROT OF ASPARAGUS; DEVELOPMENT OF A PREDICTION TEST FOR ROOT ROT

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.1996.415.52 ◽

1996 ◽

pp. 373-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. Didelot ◽

J.G. Nourrisseau ◽

D. Bouhot

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Fusarium Root Rot ◽

Prediction Test

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Microtubule-organizing centers and cell migration: effect of inhibition of migration and microtubule disruption in endothelial cells.

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.96.5.1266 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 96 (5) ◽

pp. 1266-1272 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

A I Gotlieb ◽

L Subrahmanyan ◽

V I Kalnins

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Cell Migration ◽

Cytochalasin B ◽

Leading Edge ◽

Wound Edge ◽

Microtubule Organizing Centers ◽

Migration Effect ◽

Microtubule Disruption ◽

Made In ◽

Experimentally Induced

We have previously shown that microtubule-organizing centers (MTOC's) become preferentially oriented towards the leading edge of migrating endothelial cells (EC's) at the margin of an experimentally induced wound made in a confluent EC monolayer. To learn more about the mechanism responsible for the reorientation of MTOC's and to determine whether a similar reorientation takes place when cell migration is inhibited, we incubated the wounded cultures with colcemid (C) and cytochalasin B (CB), which disrupt microtubules (MT's) and microfilaments (MF's), respectively. The results obtained showed that the MTOC reorientation can occur independent of cell migration since MTOC's reoriented preferentially toward the wound edge in the CB-treated cultures, even though forward migration of the EC was inhibited. In addition, the MTOC reorientation is inhibited by C, indicating that it requires an intact system of MT's and/or other intracellular structures whose distribution is dependent on that of MT's.

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