Modification of Swimming Mode and Stamina in Two Stocks of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) by Differing Levels of Long-Term Continuous Exercise

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 933-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Besner ◽  
L. S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Swimming Mode ◽  
Critical Velocities

Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolts from two different stocks were exercised continuously for 40 d at water velocities of 0.2 (control), 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 body fork lengths per second. Their critical velocities and swimming characteristics were determined using a Blazka-type respirometer–stamina swimming chamber immediately after training and after 2 mo of rest. Endurance increased in exercised fish compared with control groups and the improvement was maintained after the period of rest. Swimming modes in freshwater differed between the two stocks, and it is suggested that these were adaptations resulting from differing genetical backgrounds. Continuous moderate exercise modified swimming modes in seawater. Long-term low water velocity regimes before release in the ocean might be a profitable rearing strategy for the survival of coho salmon because it allows an economy of energy during their oceanic migrations and improves their homeodynamic capacity.

Water velocity influences prey detection and capture by drift-feeding juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus)

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J Piccolo ◽  
Nicholas F Hughes ◽  
Mason D Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Species Interaction ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Capture Probability ◽  
Prey Detection ◽  
Detection Distance ◽  
Drift Feeding

We examined the effects of water velocity on prey detection and capture by drift-feeding juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead (sea-run rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus) in laboratory experiments. We used repeated-measures analysis of variance to test the effects of velocity, species, and the velocity × species interaction on prey capture probability, prey detection distance, and swimming speeds during prey capture. We used 3D video analysis to assess the spatial and temporal characteristics of prey detection and capture. Coho and steelhead showed significant, velocity-dependent decreases in capture probability (~65% to 10%, with an increase of velocity from 0.29 to 0.61 m·s-1) and prey detection distance, with no effect of species and no velocity × species interaction. Neither velocity nor species affected prey interception speed; fish intercepted prey at their predicted maximum sustainable swimming speed (Vmax) at all velocities. Speed of return to the focal point increased significantly with increasing velocity, with no effect of species. At faster velocities, return speeds were faster than Vmax, indicating potential increases in energetic cost because of anaerobic swimming. The 3D analysis suggests that the reduction in capture probability was due to both reduced prey detection distance and a uniform decline in detection probability within the prey capture area.

Long-Term Peripheral Treatment of Immature Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) with Human Leptin Has No Clear Physiologic Effect

2000 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne M. Baker ◽  
Donald A. Larsen ◽  
Penny Swanson ◽  
Walton W. Dickhoff
Keyword(s):  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Physiologic Effect

Experimental Confirmation of the Olfactory Hypothesis with Homing, Artificially Imprinted Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon C. Cooper ◽  
Allan T. Scholz ◽  
Ross M. Horrall ◽  
Arthur D. Hasler ◽  
Dale M. Madison
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Spawning Migration ◽  
Experimental Confirmation ◽  
Olfactory Memory ◽  
Paired Group ◽  
Low Concentrations

To test the olfactory hypothesis of salmon homing, fingerling coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were exposed to low concentrations of an odorous synthetic chemical, morpholine during presmolt and smolting periods. Equal numbers of these fish were not exposed (controls). Both groups were stocked directly into Lake Michigan near Oak Creek, South Milwaukee Wisconsin. Another paired group of exposed and unexposed fish was released 13 km north of Oak Creek. During the adult spawning migration 18 mo later, morpholine was dripped into Oak Creek and the returning salmon were censused.For four experiments over 2 consecutive yr, the number of exposed and unexposed fish captured at the artificially scented stream were, 216 vs. 28, 437 vs. 49, 647 vs. 65, and 439 vs. 55. These differences were highly significant (P <.001).During the 3rd yr, morpholine was not added to the stream during the spawning migration and exposed and nonexposed fish returned in equal, low numbers (51 vs. 55, P >.05). These results confirm the existence of odor imprinting and long-term olfactory memory in coho salmon, It is possible that this mechanism is also used in the natural imprinting situation.

Carrying Capacity of an Enhanced Side-Channel for Rearing Salmonids

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1320-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Mundie ◽  
R. E. Traber
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Side Channel ◽  
Biological Factors

Two attempts were made to establish the yield of steelhead smolts (sea-run rainbow trout) (Salmo gairdneri) from a seminatural side-channel and compare it to that of the parent river. In the first, 10 000 fry were introduced to the channel which was maintained at a discharge of 0.42 m3/s. The fry, however, were largely displaced by extraneous coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), appeared unable to withstand the water velocity in winter, and were greatly reduced by infection from Cryptobia. In the second trial discharge was 0.14 m3/s. The fry tolerated this. The yield (i.e. numbers) per unit area of steelhead smolts, of mean weight 14.5 g, was 31 times that of the river; in terms of biomass it was 10 times. Channel discharge was 2.6% of the river discharge. Physical and biological factors determining smolt yield from streams are considered.

Changes in run timing and natural smolt production in a naturally spawning coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) population after 60 years of intensive hatchery supplementation

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2343-2355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Ford ◽  
Howard Fuss ◽  
Brant Boelts ◽  
Eric LaHood ◽  
Jeffrey Hard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Relative Fitness ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hatchery Supplementation ◽  
Run Timing

Supplementing natural fish populations with artificially propagated (hatchery) fish is a common practice. In evaluating supplementation, it is important to assess the relative fitness of both hatchery-produced and naturally produced fish when they spawn together in the wild and to evaluate how the absolute fitness of the natural population changes after many generations of supplementation. We evaluated the relative fitness of naturally produced and hatchery-produced coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in Minter Creek, Washington, USA. We also evaluated long-term changes in natural smolt production in this stream after several decades of intensive hatchery supplementation. Total smolt production was estimated to be 14 660 and 19 415 in 2002 and 2003, respectively, compared with the average value of 28 425 from 1940 to 1955. We found no significant difference in relative fitness between hatchery and natural fish, probably because the natural population consists largely of fish produced from the hatchery a generation or two previously. There has been a long-term trend for adults to return to the stream earlier in the spawning season. We estimated standardized selection differentials on run timing, with results indicating stabilizing selection with an optimum run timing later than the mean contemporary run timing but earlier than the historical mean run timing.

Evaluation of a sustained-release polymer-encapsulated form of recombinant porcine somatotropin upon long-term growth performance of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch

Aquaculture ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewen McLean ◽  
Edward M. Donaldson ◽  
Ian Mayer ◽  
Emin Teskeredzic ◽  
Zlatica Teskeredzic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Porcine Somatotropin
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