Behavioral responses of a herbivorous calanoid copepod to the presence of other zooplankton

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 1422-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Wong ◽  
C. W. Ramcharan ◽  
W. G. Sprules
Keyword(s):  
Calanoid Copepod ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Behavioral Flexibility ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Swimming Behavior ◽  
Potential Competitor

Swimming behavior of the herbivorous calanoid copepod Diaptomus minutus consists of periods of rest interrupted by short jumps. Jumping frequency decreased in the presence of predatory copepods and increased in the presence of the herbivorous Daphnia pulex, a potential competitor. Because D. minutus is detected by vibration-sensitive predators when it jumps, its response in the presence of predators may be a prey defense mechanism. Since feeding by D. minutus takes place during the rest period and is interrupted by jumps, the response to the presence of D. pulex may indicate interference competition. The results demonstrate the behavioral flexibility of zooplanktonic organisms.

The embryonic development of the swimming behavior of Daphnia pulex (Crustacea: Cladocera)

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 969-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Berrill ◽  
Colin Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Swimming Behavior ◽  
Egg Membrane ◽  
First Time

The embryo of Daphnia pulex sheds two egg membranes and then molts once before completing its development. The second antennae, used for swimming by the fully developed individual, move for the first time shortly before the shedding of the second egg membrane. These antennal movements occur in bouts which appear to be pseudo-rhythmic in organization. The antennae are not raised to their swimming positions until several hours before the molt which terminates embryonic development, at which time they become increasingly active. The onset and subsequent elaboration of antennal activity is therefore closely correlated with the shedding of embryonic membranes.

Short-term exposure to gold nanoparticle suspension impairs swimming behavior in a widespread calanoid copepod

2017 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 102-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
François-Gaël Michalec ◽  
Markus Holzner ◽  
Alexandre Barras ◽  
Anne-Sophie Lacoste ◽  
Loïc Brunet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Calanoid Copepod ◽  
Swimming Behavior ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nanoparticle Suspension ◽  
Short Term Exposure

scholarly journals Neural Circuits Underlying Behavioral Flexibility: Insights From Drosophila

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita V. Devineni ◽  
Kristin M. Scaplen
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Behavioral Flexibility ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Behavioral State ◽  
Insight Into

Behavioral flexibility is critical to survival. Animals must adapt their behavioral responses based on changes in the environmental context, internal state, or experience. Studies in Drosophila melanogaster have provided insight into the neural circuit mechanisms underlying behavioral flexibility. Here we discuss how Drosophila behavior is modulated by internal and behavioral state, environmental context, and learning. We describe general principles of neural circuit organization and modulation that underlie behavioral flexibility, principles that are likely to extend to other species.

BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES OF DAPHNIA PULEX EXPOSED TO CARBARYL AND CHAOBORUS KAIROMONE

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley I. Dodson ◽  
Takayuki Hanazato ◽  
Patrick R. Gorski
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Behavioral Responses

Behavioral responses of the estuarine calanoid copepod Eurytemora affinis to sub-lethal concentrations of waterborne pollutants

2013 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
François-Gaël Michalec ◽  
Markus Holzner ◽  
Dominique Menu ◽  
Jiang-Shiou Hwang ◽  
Sami Souissi
Keyword(s):  
Calanoid Copepod ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Eurytemora Affinis

scholarly journals Population colonization history influences behavioral responses of European starlings in personality tests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Rodriguez ◽  
Martine Hausberger ◽  
Patricia Le Quilliec ◽  
Laurence Henri ◽  
Philippe Clergeau
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Behavioral Flexibility ◽  
The Novel ◽  
European Starlings ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Novel Food ◽  
Novel Environment ◽  
Migrant Birds

To understand the processes involved in biological invasions, the genetic, morphological, physiological and behavioral characteristics of invasive populations need to be understood. Many invasive species have been reported to be flying species. In birds, both invaders and migrants encounter novel situations, therefore one could expect that both groups might react similarly to novelty. Here we analyzed the behavioral responses of individuals from three populations of European starling Sturnus vulgaris: a population settled for centuries in a rural region, a population that recently colonized an urban area, and a population of winter migrant birds. We conducted a social isolation test, a novel environment test, a novel food test and a novel object test to explore their reactions towards novelty. We identified and characterized different behavioral profiles for each test. The group of migratory adults appeared to be less anxious in social isolation than the group of urban young. Urban and migrant groups entered the novel environment sooner than rural birds. Shy, bold and intermediate individuals were observed in all three groups when presented with novel food. Finally, the proportion of shy individuals which did not touch the novel object was higher than the proportion of bold individuals in the rural group. Our study emphasizes that neophilia or boldness present in migrant and invasive populations may facilitate the occupation of novel habitats. Our analysis also suggests that mixed reactions of neophobia ensure behavioral flexibility in a gregarious invasive species.

scholarly journals Behavioral responses to numerical differences when two invasive ants meet: the case of Lasius neglectus and Linepithema humile

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gema Trigos-Peral ◽  
Sílvia Abril ◽  
Elena Angulo
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Behavioral Flexibility ◽  
Linepithema Humile ◽  
Behavioral Sequence ◽  
Invasive Ants ◽  
Invasive Ant ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Dear Enemy ◽  
Lasius Neglectus ◽  
Numerical Abundance

AbstractTwo of the world’s most invasive ants, Linepithema humile and Lasius neglectus, are destined to overlap in range as they continue to spread throughout Europe. Although L. humile arrived first, and is therefore more numerically abundant, L. neglectus is the more behaviorally dominant of the two. We performed lab trials to determine whether L. humile could use numerical abundance to overcome the behavioral dominance of L. neglectus and whether the ants’ behavioral patterns shifted when the species co-occurred. We found that L. neglectus was more aggressive when less abundant, whereas the opposite was true of L. humile. When L. neglectus was outnumbered, it employed aggressive behaviors, such as biting or chemical attacks, more frequently than L. humile; it also utilized a behavioral sequence that included mandible opening and biting. Our results for these species support the hypothesis that species modulate their behavior towards competitors, which facilitates the understanding of how multiple invasive ant species can co-occur in a given area. Moreover, our study shows that the co-occurrence of invasive species could result from the use of two strategies: (1) the Bourgeois strategy, in which aggressiveness changes based on numerical dominance and (2) the dear-enemy strategy, in which aggressiveness is reduced when competitors co-occur. Since these strategies may lead to territory partitioning, we suggest that the behavioral flexibility displayed by both species when they overlap may allow local co-occurrence and increase their likelihood of co-occurrence during their range expansion in Europe, which could have a negative cumulative impact on invaded areas.

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