scholarly journals Mechanisms Inducing Parallel Computation in a Model of Physarum polycephalum Transport Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 1540004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Jones
Keyword(s):  
Physarum Polycephalum ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Proximity Graphs ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Division Problems ◽  
Scaling Parameters ◽  
Angle Rotation ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Adaptive Behaviours

The giant amoeboid organism true slime mould Physarum polycephalum dynamically adapts its body plan in response to changing environmental conditions and its protoplasmic transport network is used to distribute nutrients within the organism. These networks are efficient in terms of network length and network resilience and are parallel approximations of a range of proximity graphs and plane division problems. The complex parallel distributed computation exhibited by this simple organism has since served as an inspiration for intensive research into distributed computing and robotics within the last decade. P. polycephalum may be considered as a spatially represented parallel unconventional computing substrate, but how can this ‘computer’ be programmed? In this paper we examine and catalogue individual low-level mechanisms which may be used to induce network formation and adaptation in a multi-agent model of P. polycephalum. These mechanisms include those intrinsic to the model (particle sensor angle, rotation angle, and scaling parameters) and those mediated by the environment (stimulus location, distance, angle, concentration, engulfment and consumption of nutrients, and the presence of simulated light irradiation, repellents and obstacles). The mechanisms induce a concurrent integration of chemoattractant and chemorepellent gradients diffusing within the 2D lattice upon which the agent population resides, stimulating growth, movement, morphological adaptation and network minimisation. Chemoattractant gradients, and their modulation by the engulfment and consumption of nutrients by the model population, represent an efficient outsourcing of spatial computation. The mechanisms may prove useful in understanding the search strategies and adaptation of distributed organisms within their environment, in understanding the minimal requirements for complex adaptive behaviours, and in developing methods of spatially programming parallel unconventional computers and robotic devices.

scholarly journals A Kinetic Theory Model of the Dynamics of Liquidity Profiles on Interbank Networks

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Marina Dolfin ◽  
Leone Leonida ◽  
Eleonora Muzzupappa
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Theory ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Stochastic Game ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Adaptive

This paper adopts the Kinetic Theory for Active Particles (KTAP) approach to model the dynamics of liquidity profiles on a complex adaptive network system that mimic a stylized financial market. Individual incentives of investors to form or delete a link is driven, in our modelling framework, by stochastic game-type interactions modelling the phenomenology related to policy rules implemented under Basel III, and it is exogeneously and dynamically influenced by a measure of overnight interest rate. The strategic network formation dynamics that emerges from the introduced transition probabilities modelling individual incentives of investors to form or delete links, provides a wide range of measures using which networks might be considered “best” from the point of view of the overall welfare of the system. We use the time evolution of the aggregate degree of connectivity to measure the time evolving network efficiency in two different scenarios, suggesting a first analysis of the stability of the arising and evolving network structures.

DEVELOPING PROXIMITY GRAPHS BY PHYSARUM POLYCEPHALUM: DOES THE PLASMODIUM FOLLOW THE TOUSSAINT HIERARCHY?

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 105-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW ADAMATZKY
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Delaunay Triangulation ◽  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Physarum Polycephalum ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Minimal Spanning Tree ◽  
Proximity Graphs ◽  
Relative Neighborhood Graph ◽  
Plasmodium Of Physarum Polycephalum

Plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum spans sources of nutrients and constructs varieties of protoplasmic networks during its foraging behavior. When the plasmodium is placed on a substrate populated with sources of nutrients, it spans the sources with protoplasmic network. The plasmodium optimizes the network to deliver efficiently the nutrients to all parts of its body. How exactly does the protoplasmic network unfold during the plasmodium's foraging behavior? What types of proximity graphs are approximated by the network? Does the plasmodium construct a minimal spanning tree first and then add additional protoplasmic veins to increase reliability and through-capacity of the network? We analyze a possibility that the plasmodium constructs a series of proximity graphs: nearest-neighbour graph (NNG), minimum spanning tree (MST), relative neighborhood graph (RNG), Gabriel graph (GG) and Delaunay triangulation (DT). The graphs can be arranged in the inclusion hierarchy (Toussaint hierarchy): NNG ⊆ MST ⊆ RNG ⊆ GG ⊆ DT . We aim to verify if graphs, where nodes are sources of nutrients and edges are protoplasmic tubes, appear in the development of the plasmodium in the order NNG → MST → RNG → GG → DT , corresponding to inclusion of the proximity graphs.

Trans-Canada Slimeways

2014 ◽  
pp. 251-265
Author(s):  
Andrew Adamatzky ◽  
Selim G. Akl
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Physarum Polycephalum ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Extended Body ◽  
Slime Mould ◽  
Proximity Graphs ◽  
Maximum Coverage ◽  
National Highway ◽  
Highway Network ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Slime mould Physarum polycephalum builds up sophisticated networks to transport nutrients between distant parts of its extended body. The slime mould’s protoplasmic network is optimised for maximum coverage of nutrients yet minimum energy spent on transportation of the intra-cellular material. In laboratory experiments with P. polycephalum we represent Canadian major urban areas with rolled oats and inoculated slime mould in the Toronto area. The plasmodium spans the urban areas with its network of protoplasmic tubes. The authors uncover similarities and differences between the protoplasmic network and the Canadian national highway network, analyse the networks in terms of proximity graphs and evaluate slime mould’s network response to contamination.

Multi-Agent–Based Simulation of University Email Communities

2011 ◽  
pp. 273-291
Author(s):  
David Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Informal Communication ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Full Knowledge

In this chapter, a study on informal communication network formation in a university environment is presented. The teacher communication network is analyzed through community detection techniques. It is evident that informal communication is an important process that traverses the vertical hierarchical structure of departments and courses in a university environment. A multi-agent model of the case study is presented here, showing the implications of using real data as training sets for multi-agent-based simulations. The influence of the “social neighborhood,” as a mechanism to create assortative networks of contacts without full knowledge of the network, is discussed. It is shown that the radius of this social neighborhood has an effect on the outcome of the network structure and that in a university’s case this distance is relatively small.

scholarly journals Norm-Based Behavior Regulating Technique for Multi-Agent in Complex Adaptive Systems

IEEE Access ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 126662-126678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moamin A. Mahmoud ◽  
Mohd Sharifuddin Ahmad ◽  
Salama A. Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Multi Agent

Lessons from a virtual slime: marginal mechanisms, minimal cognition and radical enactivism

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-464
Author(s):  
Lachlan Douglas Walmsley
Keyword(s):  
Physarum Polycephalum ◽  
Agent Model ◽  
Radical Enactivism ◽  
Slime Mould ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
The Mind

Radical enactivism (REC) and similar embodied and enactive approaches to the mind deny that cognition is fundamentally representational, skull-bound and mechanistic in its organisation. In this article, I argue that modellers may still adopt a mechanistic strategy to produce explanations that are compatible with REC. This argument is scaffolded by a multi-agent model of the true slime mould Physarum polycephalum.

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