TISSUE ENGINEERING APPROACH TO OSTEOCHONDRAL REPAIR AND REGENERATION

2004 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 463-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. H. GOH ◽  
X. X. SHAO ◽  
D. W. HUTMACHER ◽  
E. H. LEE

Repair of osteochondral lesions remains difficult in current clinical medicine. This is due to the lack of self-reparatory capacity in adult cartilage to respond to injuries. Furthermore, current surgical based treatment is unable to achieve long-term satisfactory results. Cell therapies combined with scaffolds has become a promising tissue engineering approach for osteochondral regeneration. This article briefly outlines the approaches and limitations in osteochondral tissue engineering from three key aspects, namely: (1) Cells and Cell Source; (2) Biomaterials and Scaffold design and fabrication; and (3) Mechanical and Biochemical Stimulus. Current optimal candidate cells for tissue engineering include bone marrow and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells. As for scaffolds, the structural design and biomaterials used should support cell growth and the organization of new functional tissue formation. Using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique, the authors developed a novel polycaprolactone osteochondral scaffold which was shown to have the ability to recruit mesenchymal stem cells and the potential for repairing defects in vivo. The article also discussed mechanical and biological stimulus for enhancing in vitro growth of tissue-engineered constructs. The final challenge is the integration of the tissue-engineered tissues into a living system as a functional device.

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Morishita ◽  
Kanya Honoki ◽  
Hajime Ohgushi ◽  
Noriko Kotobuki ◽  
Asako Matsushima ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1058-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dillip K. Bishi ◽  
Santosh Mathapati ◽  
Jayarama R. Venugopal ◽  
Soma Guhathakurta ◽  
Kotturathu M. Cherian ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Elder ◽  
Anuhya Gottipati ◽  
Hilary Zelenka ◽  
Joel Bumgardner

Symptomatic osteochondral lesions occur frequently, but relatively few treatment options are currently available. The purpose of this study was to conduct a preliminary investigation into a new tissue engineering approach to osteochondral regeneration. The concept is a biphasic construct consisting of a porous, osteoconductive chitosan-calcium phosphate scaffold supporting a layer of neocartilage formed by marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Two experiments were conducted to assess the feasibility of this approach. The first experiment characterized the attachment efficiency and proliferation of primary human marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded relatively sparely onto the scaffold’s surface. The second experiment compared two different methods of creating a biphasic construct using a much higher density of primary porcine marrow stromal cells. About 40% of the sparsely seeded human cells attached and proliferated rapidly. Constructs formed by one of the two experimental techniques exhibited a layer of cartilaginous tissue which only partially covered the scaffold’s surface due to inadequate adhesion between the cells and the scaffold. This study demonstrates some potential for the approach to yield an implantable biphasic construct, but further development is required to improve cell-scaffold adhesion.


2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 2483-2492 ◽  
Author(s):  
João F. Requicha ◽  
Carlos A. Viegas ◽  
Fernando Muñoz ◽  
Jorge M. Azevedo ◽  
Isabel B. Leonor ◽  
...  

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1161-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Tadokoro ◽  
Motohiro Hirose ◽  
Hajime Ohgushi

In the field of tissue engineering for bone regeneration, there have been many studies that examined in the bone forming ability of the porous biomaterials with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). To promote the tissue engineering approach in clinical situation, there is a need for the establishment and standardization of evaluation methods for measuring the in vivo bone forming ability. In this study, we examined the seeding process using rat MSCs to ascertain whether it is a valid protocol for various materials. Our results showed that the cell seeding process for the fabrication method of MSCs/materials composite influenced the number and distribution of the MSCs in the materials, therefore the process is a key to show new bone formation which derived from the seeded MSCs. Here, we describe the detailed process which can show consistent new bone formation in pores of the materials.


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