scholarly journals Powder aerosol deposition method — novel applications in the field of sensing and energy technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 1930005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Schubert ◽  
Dominik Hanft ◽  
Tobias Nazarenus ◽  
Jörg Exner ◽  
Michael Schubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Powder ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Aerosol Deposition ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Aerosol Deposition Method ◽  
Powder Aerosol ◽  
Functional Ceramics

The Aerosol Deposition (AD) method is a dry spray coating process for the production of dense ceramic coatings at room temperature directly from the ceramic raw powder. In order to avoid confusion with liquid aerosol technology, the term powder aerosol deposition (PAD) is introduced here, to highlight that the aerosol consists only of ceramic powder and carrier gas. Especially in the field of functional ceramics, PAD is a promising alternative to conventional sinter-based production processes. This review focuses on the PAD of functional ceramics in the field of sensing and energy technology. In this context, especially current developments and trends are presented. On the part of the sensors, gas and temperature sensors are especially considered, whereas in the field of energy technology, the focus is on vibration energy harvesting, thermoelectric generators, superconductors, and solar cells as well as on all solid-state batteries and fuel cells. Besides the different applications of PAD films, this review also highlights opportunities for influencing the film properties by the used powder or the process parameters.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Powder Aerosol Deposition Method Using Shadowgraph Imaging

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2502
Author(s):  
Philipp Glosse ◽  
Stefan Denneler ◽  
Oliver Stier ◽  
Ralf Moos
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Aerosol Deposition ◽  
Gas Jet ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Aerosol Deposition Method ◽  
Powder Aerosol

The powder aerosol deposition method (PAD) is a vacuum-based spray coating technology. It allows for production of highly dense coatings at room temperature, especially of brittle-breaking materials. This yields new options for coating substrate materials that even melt at low temperatures. The film formation mechanism is called room temperature impact consolidation (RTIC). The occurrence of this mechanism is strongly linked to the gas jet used in the process. The velocity and direction of the particles in the gas jet forming between the nozzle orifice and the substrate are the main factors influencing the quality of the coating. This dependency aimed to be elaborated with a measurement setup and coating experiments and is shown in this work. We investigated the gas jet formation using a shadow optical imaging system. Regions of different gas density are visualized by this technique. Several parameter sets, in particular gas flow rates and chamber pressures, were investigated. In addition, coatings were produced on glass substrates with the same parameters. As a coating material, the superconducting ceramic-like magnesium diboride (MgB2) was chosen. A correlation between shadow images and thickness profiles of the coatings shows how the gas jet formation affects the uniformity of thickness. Shadow optical images provide valuable information on the flight direction of the particles and allow validation of simulation results.

How to Make Ceramic Gas Sensor Films at Room Temperature - the Powder Aerosol Deposition Method

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-01 (56) ◽  
pp. 1521-1521
Author(s):  
Ralf Moos ◽  
Murat Bektas ◽  
Gunter Hagen ◽  
Jaroslaw Kita ◽  
Daniela Schoenauer-Kamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Aerosol Deposition ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Aerosol Deposition Method ◽  
Powder Aerosol ◽  
Ceramic Gas Sensor

scholarly journals Annealing of Gadolinium-Doped Ceria (GDC) Films Produced by the Aerosol Deposition Method

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Exner ◽  
Hendrik Pöpke ◽  
Franz-Martin Fuchs ◽  
Jaroslaw Kita ◽  
Ralf Moos
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Aerosol Deposition ◽  
Doped Ceria ◽  
Aerosol Deposition Method ◽  
Ion Conducting ◽  
Gadolinium Doped Ceria

Solid oxide fuel cells need a diffusion barrier layer to protect the zirconia-based electrolyte if a cobalt-containing cathode material like lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF) is used. This protective layer must prevent the direct contact and interdiffusion of both components while still retaining the oxygen ion transport. Gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) meets these requirements. However, for a favorable cell performance, oxide ion conducting films that are thin yet dense are required. Films with a thickness in the sub-micrometer to micrometer range were produced by the dry room temperature spray-coating technique, aerosol deposition. Since commercially available GDC powders are usually optimized for the sintering of screen printed films or pressed bulk samples, their particle morphology is nanocrystalline with a high surface area that is not suitable for aerosol deposition. Therefore, different thermal and mechanical powder pretreatment procedures were investigated and linked to the morphology and integrity of the sprayed films. Only if a suitable pretreatment was conducted, dense and well-adhering GDC films were deposited. Otherwise, low-strength films were formed. The ionic conductivity of the resulting dense films was characterized by impedance spectroscopy between 300 °C and 1000 °C upon heating and cooling. A mild annealing occurred up to 900 °C during first heating that slightly increased the electric conductivity of GDC films formed by aerosol deposition.

scholarly journals The Aerosol Deposition Method: A Modified Aerosol Generation Unit to Improve Coating Quality

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Hanft ◽  
Philipp Glosse ◽  
Stefan Denneler ◽  
Thomas Berthold ◽  
Marijn Oomen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Ceramic Powder ◽  
Aerosol Deposition ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Aerosol Generation ◽  
Aerosol Generator ◽  
Aerosol Deposition Method ◽  
Generation Unit ◽  
Film Profile

Owing to its ability to produce dense thick-films at room temperature directly from a ceramic powder, the Aerosol Deposition Method (AD) possesses a unique feature in ceramics processing. For this technology, the aerosol generation of particles is a decisive part of reliable process control. However, there has only been a small amount of work published addressing this topic. In this work, we compare the aerosolization and deposition behavior of a fluidized bed generator with an aerosol generator with the rotary brush principle. While film properties very much depend on deposition time for the fluidized bed generator, films produced with the brush generator show a constant film profile, and their film thickness correlates with the controllable aerosol concentration and the duration of deposition. This type of aerosol generation may improve the setup towards a more reliable AD process.

The Powder Aerosol Deposition Method - Making Ceramic Gas Sensor Films at Room Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol MA2020-01 (30) ◽  
pp. 2263-2263
Author(s):  
Ralf Moos ◽  
Murat Bektas ◽  
Gunter Hagen ◽  
Jaroslaw Kita ◽  
Daniela Schönauer-Kamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Aerosol Deposition ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Aerosol Deposition Method ◽  
Powder Aerosol ◽  
Ceramic Gas Sensor

scholarly journals Powder Treatment for Increased Thickness of Iron Coatings Produced by the Powder Aerosol Deposition Method and Formation of Iron–Alumina Multilayer Structures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Leupold ◽  
Stefan Denneler ◽  
Gotthard Rieger ◽  
Ralf Moos
Keyword(s):  
Iron Powder ◽  
Aerosol Deposition ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Deposition Potential ◽  
Multilayer Structures ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Aerosol Deposition Method ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Powder Aerosol

Abstract The powder aerosol deposition (PAD) method is a well-known process to fabricate dense layers at room temperature directly from the powder. It is particularly suitable for the deposition of ceramic materials. Compared to these, the use of metal powders (here iron), which are significantly more ductile and have a higher density than typical ceramic powders, has not yet been investigated in detail for PAD. In the first step of this work, the iron powder is characterized by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. In order to improve the deposition behavior, the influence of heat treatment on the crystallite and the particle size of the iron powder is investigated. It is shown that the crystallite size of iron powders is reduced down to a nanocrystalline size during deposition. The magnetic properties of the iron powder as well as the layers are investigated by means of coercive field development. Although the initial coercivity raises after deposition, potential applications for flux guiding in microelectronic sensors and devices are feasible. In the second step, thin metal layers (iron) and ceramics (aluminum oxide) are deposited alternatingly to produce iron–alumina multilayer structures.

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