scholarly journals The principles of helium exploration

2022 ◽  
pp. petgeo2021-029
Author(s):  
Diveena Danabalan ◽  
Jon G. Gluyas ◽  
Colin G. Macpherson ◽  
Thomas H. Abraham-James ◽  
Josh J. Bluett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Rock ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Generative Capacity ◽  
East African ◽  
Secondary Migration ◽  
African Rift ◽  
And Migration

Commercial helium systems have been found to date as a serendipitous by-product of petroleum exploration. There are nevertheless significant differences in the source and migration properties of helium compared with petroleum. An understanding of these differences enables prospects for helium gas accumulations to be identified in regions where petroleum exploration would not be tenable. Here we show how the basic petroleum exploration playbook (source, primary migration from the source rock, secondary longer distance migration, trapping) can be modified to identify helium plays. Plays are the areas occupied by a prospective reservoir and overlying seal associated with a mature helium source. This is the first step in identifying the detail of helium prospects (discrete pools of trapped helium). We show how these principles, adapted for helium, can be applied using the Rukwa Basin in the Tanzanian section of the East African Rift as a case study. Thermal hiatus caused by rifting of the continental basement has resulted in a surface expression of deep crustal gas release in the form of high-nitrogen gas seeps containing up to 10% 4He. We calculate the total likely regional source rock helium generative capacity, identify the role of the Rungwe volcanic province in releasing the accumulated crustal helium, and show the spatial control of helium concentration dilution by the associated volcanic CO2. Nitrogen, both dissolved and as a free gas phase, plays a key role in the primary and secondary migration of crustal helium and its accumulation into what might become a commercially viable gas pool. This too is examined. We identify and discuss evidence that structures and seals suitable for trapping hydrocarbon and CO2 gases will likely also be efficient for helium accumulation on the timescale of the Rukwa basin activity.The Rukwa Basin prospective recoverable P50 resources of helium have been independently estimated to be about 138 billion standard cubic feet (2.78 x 109 m3 at STP). If this volume is confirmed it would represent about 25% of the current global helium reserve. Two exploration wells Tai 1 and Tai 2 completed by August 2021 have proved the presence of seal and reservoir horizons with the reservoirs containing significant helium shows.This article is part of the Energy Geoscience Series available at https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/energy-geoscience-series

scholarly journals Gender Perspective of Rural Livelihood and Household Income: Case Study of a Village in Odisha

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
And Migration

A person’s livelihood consists of her/his abilities, assets and activities required for a means of living. A gender analysis in the context of rural livelihood enables us to identify the different activities that men and women do. This paper intends to examine the role of gender in determining livelihood aspects like occupation structure and migration. It also investigates the role played by gender in determining employment, family income, and income distribution of individuals. The study is based on a census of 143 households of a village from the Bhadrak district of Odisha. The study observes significant gender gap in occupation structure, and income distribution across gender. If women are employed, household income increases significantly.

scholarly journals Mantle Metasomatism and Crustal Contamination in Carbonatites the East African Rift – A Case Study of Sukulu and Tororo (Uganda)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Benkó ◽  
Tomáš Magna ◽  
Kata Molnár ◽  
Vladislav Rapprich ◽  
László Palcsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crustal Contamination ◽  
East African Rift ◽  
Mantle Metasomatism ◽  
East African ◽  
African Rift

Secondary migration of petroleum along syncline axes: a case study of the southern Kuqa Foreland Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 720-730
Author(s):  
Jun Cai ◽  
Xiuxiang Lü ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Foreland Basin ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Secondary Migration ◽  
Geochemical Parameters ◽  
Kuqa Foreland Basin ◽  
Migration Pathways

Tracing petroleum migration pathways for petroleum exploration in a sedimentary basin is challenging. Paleo-uplifts are generally considered to represent the primary migration directions of petroleum. Here we propose a model for the Kuqa Foreland Basin, in which petroleum migrates along the axes of synclines between paleo-uplifts, based on an integrated analysis of seismic, geochemical, and production data. Interpretation of detailed seismic data indicates that petroleum is unlikely to migrate to the paleo-uplifts because of their relatively low positions, fault disruptions, or a lack of Mesozoic reservoirs. Geochemical parameters, including the ratios of alkyl dibenzothiophenes and the gas wetness parameter, show that petroleum maturity gradually decreases along the axes of synclines between paleo-uplifts from northeast to southwest. Petroleum production data and gas/oil ratios also show decreasing trends from northeast to southwest. This evidence suggests that petroleum is likely to migrate along the axes of the synclines between the paleo-uplifts from northeast to southwest. This study not only enhances the scientific understanding of secondary migration, but also may be useful to guide petroleum exploration in the southern Kuqa Foreland Basin.

scholarly journals IL-4 controls activated neutrophil FcγR2b expression and migration into inflamed joints

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 3103-3113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeepta Kumar Panda ◽  
Gustaf Wigerblad ◽  
Long Jiang ◽  
Yanek Jiménez-Andrade ◽  
Vaishnavi Srinivasan Iyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Basal Expression ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Stimulating Factor ◽  
Neutrophil Surface

Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells found in actively inflamed joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and most animal models for RA depend on neutrophils for the induction of joint inflammation. Exogenous IL-4 and IL-13 protect mice from antibody-mediated joint inflammation, although the mechanism is not understood. Neutrophils display a very strong basal expression of STAT6, which is responsible for signaling following exposure to IL-4 and IL-13. Still, the role of IL-4 and IL-13 in neutrophil biology has not been well studied. This can be explained by the low neutrophil surface expression of the IL-4 receptor α-chain (IL-4Rα), essential for IL-4– and IL-13–induced STAT6 signaling. Here we identify that colony stimulating factor 3 (CSF3), released during acute inflammation, mediates potent STAT3-dependent neutrophil IL-4Rα up-regulation during sterile inflammatory conditions. We further demonstrate that IL-4 limits neutrophil migration to inflamed joints, and that CSF3 combined with IL-4 or IL-13 results in a prominent neutrophil up-regulation of the inhibitory Fcγ receptor (FcγR2b). Taking these data together, we demonstrate that the IL-4 and CSF3 pathways are linked and play important roles in regulating proinflammatory neutrophil behavior.

Friendship in a ‘Russian bar’ in London: An ethnography of a young Russian-speaking migrant community

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darya Malyutina
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
World City ◽  
Friendship Networks ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
And Migration ◽  
National Stereotypes

Friendship is increasingly drawing attention as a concept used to explain the variety of ways in which migrants develop and sustain local and transnational relations. The advantage of this approach is its focus on social capital and those ‘sustaining and inspirational aspects’ of friendship that contribute to shaping different aspects of mobile individuals’ lives (Conradson and Latham, 2005, Friendship networks and transnationality in a world city: Antipodean migrants in London. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 31(2): 301), instead of interpreting migrant sociality and urban conviviality in super-diverse conditions in terms of ethnic communities. At the same time, the focus on friendship suggests the contingent and nuanced character of these close social ties. Drawing upon an ethnographic case study of a group of young Russian-speaking migrants from post-Soviet countries and their social relationships in a London bar, this article explores the role of friendship in a migrant group located within a particular physical and social space. The place served as an important social junction, and its Russian-speaking network of bartenders and regulars was a source of friendly support and empowerment for its members, helping them confront feelings of marginality. However, close and intimate ties were also at times connected with power relations, reflecting social divisions and the reinforcement of ethnic/national stereotypes regarding those excluded from this social network. This article highlights that friendship encompasses a diverse and dynamic range of inclusionary and exclusionary practices, and discusses how migrant sociality can be negotiated through these practices.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document