A Novel Harvesting-Aware RL-based Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevda Deldouzi ◽  
Rodolfo W. L. Coutinho
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Opportunistic Routing ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks

scholarly journals Void Avoidance Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1942
Author(s):  
Rogaia Mhemed ◽  
Frank Comeau ◽  
William Phillips ◽  
Nauman Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Opportunistic Routing ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Hop Count ◽  
Intermediate Node ◽  
Packet Delivery

Much attention has been focused lately on the Opportunistic Routing technique (OR) that can overcome the restrictions of the harsh underwater environment and the unique structures of the Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs). OR enhances the performance of the UWSNs in both packet delivery ratio and energy saving. In our work; we propose a new routing protocol; called Energy Efficient Depth-based Opportunistic Routing with Void Avoidance for UWSNs (EEDOR-VA), to address the void area problem. EEDOR-VA is a reactive OR protocol that uses a hop count discovery procedure to update the hop count of the intermediate nodes between the source and the destination to form forwarding sets. EEDOR-VA forwarding sets can be selected with less or greater depth than the packet holder (i.e., source or intermediate node). It efficiently prevents all void/trapped nodes from being part of the forwarding sets and data transmission procedure; thereby saving network resources and delivering data packets at the lowest possible cost. The results of our extensive simulation study indicate that the EEDOR-VA protocol outperforms other protocols in terms of packet delivery ratio and energy consumption

scholarly journals A Stateless Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Ghoreyshi ◽  
Alireza Shahrabi ◽  
Tuleen Boutaleb
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Local Density ◽  
Opportunistic Routing ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Propagation Delays ◽  
Routing Performance ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

Routing packets in Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs) face different challenges, the most notable of which is perhaps how to deal with void communication areas. While this issue is not addressed in some underwater routing protocols, there exist some partially state-full protocols which can guarantee the delivery of packets using excessive communication overhead. However, there is no fully stateless underwater routing protocol, to the best of our knowledge, which can detect and bypass trapped nodes. A trapped node is a node which only leads packets to arrive finally at a void node. In this paper, we propose a Stateless Opportunistic Routing Protocol (SORP), in which the void and trapped nodes are locally detected in the different area of network topology to be excluded during the routing phase using a passive participation approach. SORP also uses a novel scheme to employ an adaptive forwarding area which can be resized and replaced according to the local density and placement of the candidate forwarding nodes to enhance the energy efficiency and reliability. We also make a theoretical analysis on the routing performance in case of considering the shadow zone and variable propagation delays. The results of our extensive simulation study indicate that SORP outperforms other protocols regarding the routing performance metrics.

scholarly journals GCORP: Geographic and Cooperative Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 27650-27667
Author(s):  
Sarang Karim ◽  
Faisal Karim Shaikh ◽  
Bhawani Shankar Chowdhry ◽  
Zahid Mehmood ◽  
Usman Tariq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Opportunistic Routing ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks

scholarly journals Corrections to “GCORP: Geographic and Cooperative Opportunistic Routing Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks”

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 67734-67735
Author(s):  
Sarang Karim ◽  
Faisal Karim Shaikh ◽  
Bhawani Shankar Chowdhry ◽  
Zahid Mehmood ◽  
Usman Tariq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Opportunistic Routing ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks

E-PULRP: Energy Optimized Path Unaware Layered Routing Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3391-3401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarath Gopi ◽  
Kannan Govindan ◽  
Deepthi Chander ◽  
U. B. Desai ◽  
S. N. Merchant
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks

Delay-Sensitive Opportunistic Routing for Underwater Sensor Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 6584-6591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Cheng Hsu ◽  
Hsiang-Hung Liu ◽  
Jose Luis Garcia Gomez ◽  
Cheng-Fu Chou
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Opportunistic Routing ◽  
Underwater Sensor Networks ◽  
Delay Sensitive
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