scholarly journals Dietary glutamine and oral antibiotics each improve indexes of gut barrier function in rat short bowel syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (2) ◽  
pp. G348-G355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqiang Tian ◽  
Li Hao ◽  
Prakash Chandra ◽  
Dean P. Jones ◽  
Ifor R. Willams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Short Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Short Bowel ◽  
Gut Barrier Function

Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is associated with gut barrier dysfunction. We examined effects of dietary glutamine (GLN) or oral antibiotics (ABX) on indexes of gut barrier function in a rat model of SBS. Adult rats underwent a 60% distal small bowel + proximal colonic resection (RX) or bowel transection (TX; control). Rats were pair fed diets with or without l-GLN for 20 days after operation. Oral ABX (neomycin, metronidazole, and polymyxin B) were given in some RX rats fed control diet. Stool secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) was measured serially. On day 21, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were cultured for gram-negative bacteria. IgA-positive plasma cells in jejunum, stool levels of flagellin- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-specific sIgA, and serum total, anti-flagellin- and anti-LPS IgG levels were determined. RX caused gram-negative bacterial translocation to MLN, increased serum total and anti-LPS IgG and increased stool total sIgA. After RX, dietary GLN tended to blunt bacterial translocation to MLN (−29%, P = NS) and significantly decreased anti-LPS IgG levels in serum, increased both stool and jejunal mucosal sIgA and increased stool anti-LPS-specific IgA. Oral ABX eliminated RX-induced bacterial translocation, significantly decreased total and anti-LPS IgG levels in serum, significantly decreased stool total IgA and increased stool LPS-specific IgA. Partial small bowel-colonic resection in rats is associated with gram-negative bacterial translocation from the gut and a concomitant adaptive immune response to LPS. These indexes of gut barrier dysfunction are ameliorated or blunted by administration of dietary GLN or oral ABX, respectively. Dietary GLN upregulates small bowel sIgA in this model.

scholarly journals Clinical Analysis of Gut Barrier Dysfunction in Patients with Advanced Colorectal Cancer Undergoing Cytoreductive Surgery and HIPEC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le lai Ping ◽  
Jiang xu Mian ◽  
Chen Wei
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cytoreductive Surgery ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Advanced Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Gut Barrier Function

Abstract Introduction: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy combinedwith cytoreductive surgery is a preferred treatment option for advanced colorectal cancer patients. However, little is known whether the HIPEC can cause the damage of gut barrier function.Methods: A total of 123 patients underwent surgical resection for advanced CRC. Sixty-five patients were treated HIPEC after cytoreductive surgery whereas 58 patients underwent surgery only. Gut barrier function were evaluated using the expression of serum DAO/D-la/ET on D1/D5/D10 after surgery. Both groups were compared for patient characteristics, perioperative data and gut barrier function. Moreover, rats received intraperitoneal injection of retetrexed to observe possible changes of colonic structure under optical microscope.Results: Both groups were comparable with respect to general patient characteristics and post-operative complications. The HIPEC+CRS group was associated with a higher postoperative serum level of DAO/D-la on D1/D5 (p < 0.05) and ET on D5 after surgery (p < 0.05) than that of the surgery only group. Ten days after surgery showed no statistical difference between the 2 groups (p > 0.05).A large area structure disorder, epithelial necrosis, glandular deformation and a large number of lymphocytes infiltration was found in the lamina propria in animals received intraperitoneal injection of retetrexed.Conclusion: In this study, CRS combined with HIPEC does have but only an irreversible impact on gut barrier for advanced CRC patients.

scholarly journals Role of Gut Barrier Function in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Dai ◽  
Bangmao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Gut Barrier Function

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of chronic liver disease, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Many efforts have been made to investigate the pathogenesis of this disease. Since 1998 when Marshall proposed the conception of “gut-liver axis,” more and more researchers have paid close attention to the role of gut barrier function in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The four aspects of gut barrier function, including physical, chemical, biological, and immunological barriers, are interrelated closely and related to NAFLD. In this paper, we present a summary of research findings on the relationship between gut barrier dysfunction and the development of NAFLD, aiming at illustrating the role of gut barrier function in the pathogenesis of this disease.

IL-6 is essential for development of gut barrier dysfunction after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (3) ◽  
pp. G621-G629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runkuan Yang ◽  
Xiaonan Han ◽  
Takashi Uchiyama ◽  
Simon K. Watkins ◽  
Arino Yaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Mucosal Permeability ◽  
Average Molecular Mass ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Junction Protein

We sought to determine the role of IL-6 as a mediator of the alterations in gut barrier function that occur after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (HS/R). C57Bl/6 wild-type (WT) and IL-6 knockout (KO) mice on a C57Bl/6 background were subjected to either a sham procedure or HS/R. Organ and tissue samples were obtained 4 h after resuscitation. In WT mice, HS/R significantly increased ileal mucosal permeability to fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (average molecular mass, 4 kDa) and bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes. These alterations in gut barrier function were not observed in IL-6 KO animals. HS/R increased ileal steady-state mRNA levels for IL-6, TNF, and IL-10 in WT but not in IL-6 KO mice. Ileal mucosal expression of the tight junction protein, ZO-1, decreased after HS/R in WT but not IL-6 KO mice. Collectively, these data support the view that expression of IL-6 is essential for the development of gut barrier dysfunction after HS/R.

scholarly journals Dietary glutamine increases secretory IgA and may suppress gram‐negative bacterial translocation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome (SBS)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqiang Tian ◽  
Li H Gu ◽  
Prakash Chandra ◽  
Ifor R Williams ◽  
Andrew T Gewirtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Short Bowel

scholarly journals Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapies and Gut Function in a Colitis Mouse Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily Nahidi ◽  
Steven T. Leach ◽  
Hazel M. Mitchell ◽  
Nadeem O. Kaakoush ◽  
Daniel A. Lemberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Tight Junction ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Background. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is a well-established approach to the management of Crohn’s disease.Aim. To determine effects of EEN upon inflammation and gut barrier function in a colitis mouse model.Methods. Interleukin-10-deficient mice (IL-10−/−) were inoculated withHelicobacter trogontumand then treated with EEN, metronidazole, hydrocortisone, or EEN and metronidazole combination. Blood and tissue were collected at 2 and 4 weeks with histology, mucosal integrity, tight junction integrity, inflammation, andH. trogontumload evaluated.Results.H. trogontuminduced colitis in IL-10−/−mice with histological changes in the cecum and colon. Elevated mucosal IL-8 mRNA in infected mice was associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction indicated by decreased transepithelial electrical resistance and mRNA of tight junction proteins and increased short-circuit current, myosin light chain kinase mRNA, paracellular permeability, and tumor necrosis factor-αand myeloperoxidase plasma levels (P<0.01for all comparisons). EEN and metronidazole, but not hydrocortisone, treatments restored barrier function, maintained gut barrier integrity, and reversed inflammatory changes along with reduction ofH. trogontumload (versus infected controlsP<0.05).Conclusion.H. trogontuminfection in IL-10−/−mice induced typhlocolitis with intestinal barrier dysfunction. EEN and metronidazole, but not hydrocortisone, modulate barrier dysfunction and reversal of inflammatory changes.

The Impact of Residual Bowel After Extended Bowel Resection on Bacterial Overgrowth and Bacterial Translocation

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2121-2128
Author(s):  
Henry Osakwe ◽  
Cristian Nicolescu ◽  
Laura Nicolescu ◽  
Bogdan Hoinoiu ◽  
Ovidiu Mederle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Bowel Resection ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Ileocecal Valve ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Short Bowel ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Impact

The intestinal mucosa is a major barrier in preventing bacteria invading the body but under certain circumstances mucosal gut barrier can be breached leading to the migration of bacteria to distant organs (mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen and liver). This process is termed bacterial translocation. The abnormal changes in gut ecosystem due to bowel resection led to bacterial overgrowth demonstrated postoperatively in male wistar rats duodenal and stool culture. We proved that after an extended bowel resection there is a direct relation between the number of the intestinal bacteria, the abnormal mucosal structural and functional changes and bacterial translocation to distant organs. A total of 22 male wistar rats divided in 4 groups were studied, short bowel syndrome was simulated in 16 by extended bowel resection (60%, 70% and 75%) while 6 rats had no surgery. Bacterial toxins induced local inflammation which altered neuromuscular tissue function, deteriorated further the gut barrier and increased bacterial overgrowth and bacterial translocation demonstrated by rat�s intestinal biopsy results. The sequence of events leading to translocation remained unclear. The correlation between the percentage of the duodenal aspirate Enterococcus and cecal stool bacteria in rats was R= 0.81, while the correlation between duodenal aspirate Enterococcus and cecal stool bacteria of rats without ileocecal valve resection compared to rats with ileocecal valve resection was R= 0.57 being statistically relevant. Simulated short bowel syndrome by extended intestinal resection caused bacteria overgrowth in residual rat�s bowel and this subsequently led to bacteria translocation to distant organs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document