Hemodynamic effects of lipids in humans

Evidence suggests lipid abnormalities may contribute to elevated blood pressure, increased vascular resistance, and reduced arterial compliance among insulin-resistant subjects. In a study of 11 normal volunteers undergoing 4-h-long infusions of Intralipid and heparin to raise plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs), we observed increases of blood pressure. In contrast, blood pressure did not change in these same volunteers during a 4-h infusion of saline and heparin. To better characterize the hemodynamic responses to Intralipid and heparin, another group of 21 individuals, including both lean and obese volunteers, was studied after 3 wk on a controlled diet with 180 mmol sodium/day. Two and four hours after starting the infusions, plasma NEFAs increased by 134 and 111% in those receiving Intralipid and heparin, P < 0.01, whereas plasma NEFAs did not change in the first group of normal volunteers who received saline and heparin. The hemodynamic changes in lean and obese subjects in the second study were similar, and the results were combined. The infusion of Intralipid and heparin induced a significant increase in systolic (13.5 ± 2.1 mmHg) and diastolic (8.0 ± 1.5 mmHg) blood pressure as well as heart rate (9.4 ± 1.4 beats/min). Small and large artery compliance decreased, and systemic vascular resistance rose. These data raise the possibility that lipid abnormalities associated with insulin resistance contribute to the elevated blood pressure and heart rate as well as the reduced vascular compliance observed in subjects with the cardiovascular risk factor cluster.

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Elevated Blood Pressure, Decreased Heart Rate Variability and Incomplete Blood Pressure Recovery after a 12‐hour Night Shift Work

Journal of Occupational Health ◽

10.1539/joh.l7056 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 380-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Ta‐Chen Su ◽

Lian‐Yu Lin ◽

Dean Baker ◽

Peter L. Schnall ◽

Ming‐Fong Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Shift Work ◽

Night Shift ◽

Pressure Recovery ◽

Elevated Blood Pressure ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Night Shift Work

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Elevated Heart Rate in Combination with Elevated Blood Pressure Predicts Lower Cardiovascular Mortality in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

International Heart Journal ◽

10.1536/ihj.19-521 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 308-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masaru Hiki ◽

Hiroshi Iwata ◽

Kiyoshi Takasu ◽

Shuko Nojiri ◽

Go Ishikawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Acute Decompensated Heart Failure ◽

Decompensated Heart Failure ◽

Elevated Blood Pressure ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Elevated Heart Rate

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Bezafibrate, an anti-hypertriglyceridemic drug, attenuates vascular hyperresponsiveness and elevated blood pressure in fructose-induced hypertensive rats

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y99-061 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 77 (10) ◽

pp. 755-762 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Xiaochen Si ◽

R Clinton Webb ◽

Joyce M Richey

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Free Fatty Acids ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Vascular Reactivity ◽

Bay K 8644 ◽

Elevated Blood Pressure ◽

Male Rats ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Lipid Abnormalities

A high fructose diet induces hypertension, hyperinsulinemia - insulin resistance, and hypertriglyceridemia (syndrome X). In this study, we investigated the role of an abnormal lipid profile in mediating fructose-induced hypertension. We hypothesized that bezafibrate, a lipid-lowering drug, would reduce elevated blood pressure and inhibit increased vascular reactivity in fructose-fed rats. Male rats were placed on four different diets: group 1 was fed standard chow (n = 6); group 2 was fed 60% fructose (n = 5); group 3 was fed fructose plus bezafibrate (30 mg·kg-1·day-1; drinking water; n = 5); and group 4 was fed standard chow plus bezafibrate (n = 6). In addition, the direct effects of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) on vascular reactivity were examined. Bezafibrate treatment lowered blood pressure, free fatty acids, and triglycerides in the fructose-fed group, suggesting that lipid abnormalities play a role in the elevation of blood pressure in the fructose-induced hypertensive rat. Aortae from fructose-fed rats were hyperresponsive to the calcium channel agonist Bay K 8644, which was normalized with bezafibrate treatment. Incubation of aortae in a VLDL medium resulted in increased responsiveness to Bay K 8644, lending further support to lipid abnormalities altering vascular reactivity. An altered lipid profile evidenced by elevated triglycerides and free fatty acids is causally related to the development of high blood pressure and increased vascular reactivity in the fructose-induced hypertensive rat.Key words: Sprague-Dawley rats, hypertriglyceridemia, free fatty acids, vascular reactivity, aortae.

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Correlation of increased serum calcium with elevated blood pressure and vascular resistance during calcium infusion in normotensive man

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/00004872-199006000-00012 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 579-583 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Kyuzo Aoki ◽

Koichi Miyagawa

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Vascular Resistance ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Elevated Blood Pressure ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Calcium Infusion

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Dose-dependent increases in heart rate variability and arterial compliance in overweight and obese adults with DHA-rich fish oil supplementation

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711450999153x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 103 (2) ◽

pp. 243-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Nicholas J. Sjoberg ◽

Catherine M. Milte ◽

Jonathan D. Buckley ◽

Peter R. C. Howe ◽

Alison M. Coates ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Arterial Compliance ◽

Large Artery ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Regulation ◽

Fish Oil Supplementation ◽

Dose Dependent

Heart rate (HR) variability and large arterial compliance can be improved using fish oils. DHA, a component of fish oil, has cardiovascular health benefits, but its effect on HR variability (HRV) and arterial compliance is yet to be quantified. Sixty-seven overweight or obese adults (thirty-six males and thirty-one females; 53 (sem 2) year; BMI 31·7 (sem 1·1) kg/m2) were randomly allocated to consume either 6 g/d sunola oil (control; n 17), fish oil (260 mg DHA+60 mg EPA per g) at doses of 2 g/d (n 16), 4 g/d (n 17) or 6 g/d (n 17). Blood pressure, HR and compliance of large and small arteries were measured while supine at baseline and after 12 weeks in all participants, and HRV was assessed in a subgroup of forty-six participants. There was no effect of fish oil on blood pressure, small artery compliance or HR. However, the low frequency:high frequency ratio of HRV decreased with increasing doses of fish oil (r − 0·34, P = 0·02), while large artery compliance increased (r 0·34, P = 0·006). Moreover, the changes in these biomarkers were significantly correlated (r − 0·31, P = 0·04) and may reflect fish oil-induced improvements in arterial function and cardiac autonomic regulation.

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Abstract 602: Determinants of Elevated Blood pressure with Water Immersion

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.60.suppl_1.a602 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshi Kawano ◽

Mayuko Mineta ◽

Yuko Gando ◽

Meiko Asaka ◽

Mitsuru Higuchi

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Water Pressure ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Young Men ◽

Older Men ◽

Elevated Blood Pressure ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Arterial Stiffening ◽

Venous Volume

Introduction ; Although exercise in water is appreciated in rehabilitation for patients with renal disease and obesity individuals with knee joint pain, elevated blood pressure (BP) is also induced by water immersion via water pressure. This elevation of BP in water may lead to incidence of acute heart diseases in rehabilitation exercise. It is important for prevention of such acute event to understand determinants of elevated BP with water immersion. Hypothesis ; We assessed the hypothesis that elevated BP with water immersion is affected by venous volume or baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) as well as age or arterial stiffening, because blood pressure is associated with venous return (contributing cardiac output) or vascular functions. Methods ; Thirty-eight young (21.2 ± 1.7 yrs) and 20 older (65.1 ± 3.2 yrs) men participated in this study. In all subjects, mean BP (oscillometric method), pulse wave velocity adjusted by BP (cardio-ankle vascular index: CAVI), venous volume (by using MRI and plethysmography), and BRS by using valsalva maneuver were measured at resting supine position on land. Furthermore, BP and heart rate at standing position on land and following in water (located surface of water at epigastrium) were determined. Results ; On land, mean BP and CAVI were greater, and BRS was smaller in older men compared with young men. There was no different venous volume between 2 age groups. Change in increased systolic BP with water immersion was greater in older men (127 ± 12 mmHg → 145 ± 18 mmHg; P<0.05) than in young men (118 ± 129 mmHg → 129 ± 10 mmHg; P<0.05) (Interaction; P<0.05). Multiple-regression analysis revealed that the change in increased systolic BP with water immersion were independently associated with CAVI (beta = 0.406), when entering BRS, heart rate, venous volume, and CAVI. Conclusion ; In conclusion, these results of the present study suggests that arterial stiffening may contribute to elevated BP with water immersion, but not BRS or venous volume.

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