Effect of pregnancy and progesterone concentration on expression of genes encoding for transporters or secreted proteins in the bovine endometrium

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Forde ◽  
T. E. Spencer ◽  
F. W. Bazer ◽  
G. Song ◽  
J. F. Roche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Secreted Proteins ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Temporal Expression Pattern

The objective of this study was to determine the temporal and spatial expression patterns of genes encoding transporters, as well as selected secreted proteins that may be regulated by progesterone (P4) and/or the presence of the conceptus in the bovine endometrium. Estrus-synchronized beef heifers were randomly assigned to either: 1) pregnant, high P4; 2) pregnant, normal P4; 3) cyclic, high P4; or 4) cyclic, normal P4. Uteri were collected on days 5, 7, 13, and 16 of the estrous cycle or pregnancy. Localization of mRNAs for ANPEP, CTGF, LPL, LTF, and SLC5A1 in the uteri was determined by radioactive in situ hybridization, and expression quantified in the endometria by quantitative real-time PCR. ANPEP localized to luminal (LE) and superficial glandular (sGE) epithelia of all heifers on days 5 and 7 only. SLC5A1 mRNA was detected in the LE and sGE on days 13 and 16 in all heifers, and expression increased on day 16 in pregnant groups. CTGF localized weakly to the LE and GE on days 5 and 7 but increased on days 13 and 16 with an increase ( P < 0.05) in CTGF expression in high P4 ( day 7) and pregnant heifers ( day 16). Both LPL and LTF localized to the GE only on days 5 and 7. In conclusion we have characterized the temporal expression pattern of these genes and modulation of their transcript abundance by P4 ( CTGF, LPL) and/or the conceptus ( CTGF, SLC5A1) likely modifies the uterine microenvironment, enhancing histotroph composition and contributing to advanced conceptus elongation.

scholarly journals Initiation of Murine Embryonic Erythropoiesis: A Spatial Analysis

Blood ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 1154-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Silver ◽  
James Palis
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Erythroid Differentiation ◽  
Primitive Streak ◽  
Neural Plate ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Targeted Disruption ◽  
Mesoderm Cell ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Extraembryonic Mesoderm

Abstract Hematopoiesis in the mouse conceptus begins in the visceral yolk (VYS), with primitive erythroblasts first evident in blood islands at the headfold stage (E8.0). VYS erythropoiesis is decreased or abrogated by targeted disruption of the hematopoietic transcription factors tal-1, rbtn2, GATA-1, and GATA-2. To better understand the potential roles of these genes, and to trace the initial temporal and spatial development of mammalian embryonic hematopoiesis, we examined their expression patterns, and that of βH1-globin, in normal mouse conceptuses by means of in situ hybridization. Attention was focused on the 36-hour period from mid-primitive streak to early somite stages (E7.25 to E8.5), when the conceptus undergoes rapid morphologic changes with formation of the yolk sac and blood islands. Each of these genes was expressed in extraembryonic mesoderm, from which blood islands are derived. This VYS expression occurred in a defined temporal sequence: tal-1 and rbtn2 transcripts were detected earlier than the others, followed by GATA-2 and GATA-1, and then by βH1-globin. Transcripts for all of these genes were present in VYS mesoderm cell masses at the neural plate stage (E7.5), indicating commitment of these cells to the erythroid lineage before the appearance of morphologically recognizable erythroblasts. By early somite stages (E8.5), GATA-2 mRNA expression is downregulated in VYS blood islands as terminal primitive erythroid differentiation proceeds. We conclude that primitive mammalian erythropoiesis arises during gastrulation through the ordered temporal expression of tal-1, rbtn2, GATA2, and GATA-1 in a subset of extraembryonic mesoderm cells. During the stages analyzed, tal-1 and rbtn2 expression was also present in posterior embryonic mesoderm, while GATA-1 and GATA-2 expression was evident in extraembryonic tissues of ectodermal origin.

scholarly journals Neuron-specific spinal cord translatomes reveal a neuropeptide code for mouse dorsal horn excitatory neurons

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Rani Das Gupta ◽  
Louis Scheurer ◽  
Pawel Pelczar ◽  
Hendrik Wildner ◽  
Hanns Ulrich Zeilhofer
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Affinity Purification ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Inhibitory Neurons ◽  
Dorsal Horn Neurons ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Excitatory Neurons ◽  
Genes Encoding

AbstractThe spinal dorsal horn harbors a sophisticated and heterogeneous network of excitatory and inhibitory neurons that process peripheral signals encoding different sensory modalities. Although it has long been recognized that this network is crucial both for the separation and the integration of sensory signals of different modalities, a systematic unbiased approach to the use of specific neuromodulatory systems is still missing. Here, we have used the translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) technique to map the translatomes of excitatory glutamatergic (vGluT2+) and inhibitory GABA and/or glycinergic (vGAT+ or Gad67+) neurons of the mouse spinal cord. Our analyses demonstrate that inhibitory and excitatory neurons are not only set apart, as expected, by the expression of genes related to the production, release or re-uptake of their principal neurotransmitters and by genes encoding for transcription factors, but also by a differential engagement of neuromodulator, especially neuropeptide, signaling pathways. Subsequent multiplex in situ hybridization revealed eleven neuropeptide genes that are strongly enriched in excitatory dorsal horn neurons and display largely non-overlapping expression patterns closely adhering to the laminar and presumably also functional organization of the spinal cord grey matter.

scholarly journals Cloning, Characterization, and Expression Features of Chicken CDS2 Splicing Variants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Xu ◽  
Shuping Zhang ◽  
Yujun Guo ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Yanqun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Exogenous Insulin ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background: The CDS gene encodes the CDP-diacylglycerol synthase enzyme that catalyzes the formation of CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) from phosphatidic acid. At present, there are no reports of CDS2 in birds. Here, we identified chicken CDS2 transcripts by combining conventional RT- PCR amplification, 5' RACE (Fig. 1A), and 3' RACE, explored the spatio-temporal expression profiles of total CDS2 and the longest transcript variant CDS2-4, and investigated the effect of exogenous insulin on total the mRNA level of CDS2 by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: Four transcripts of chicken CDS2 (CDS2-1, -2, -3, and -4) were identified, which were alternatively spliced at the 3′-untranslated region (UTR). CDS2 was widely expressed in all tissues examined and the longest variant CDS2-4 was the major transcript. Both total CDS2 and CDS2-4 were prominently expressed in adipose tissue and the heart, and exhibited low expression in the liver and pectoralis of 49 day-old chickens. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that total CDS2 and CDS2-4 had different spatio-temporal expression patterns in chicken. Total CDS2 exhibited a similar temporal expression tendency with a high level in the later period of incubation (embryonic day 19 [E19] or 1-day-old) in the brain, liver, and pectoralis. While CDS2-4 presented a distinct temporal expression pattern in these tissues, CDS2-4 levels peaked at 21 days in the brain and pectoralis, while liver CDS2-4 mRNA levels were highest at the early stage of hatching (E10). Total CDS2 (P < 0.001) and CDS2-4 (P = 0.0090) mRNA levels in the liver were differentially regulated throughout development of the chicken. Exogenous insulin significantly downregulated the level of total CDS2 at 240 min in the pectoralis of Silky chickens (P < 0.01). Total CDS2 levels in the liver of Silky chickens were higher than that of the broiler in the basal state and after insulin stimulation. Conclusion: Chicken CDS2 has multiple transcripts with variation at the 3′-UTR, which was prominently expressed in adipose tissue. Total CDS2 and CDS2-4 presented distinct spatio-temporal expression patterns, and they were differentially regulated with age in liver. Insulin could regulate chicken CDS2 levels in a breed- and tissue-specific manner.

scholarly journals Novel Temporal Expression Patterns of EBF-Binding Proteins in Wing Morphs of The Grain Aphid Sitobion miscanthi

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Zhang ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Yaoguo Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Grain Aphid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Temporal Expression Pattern ◽  
Odorant Binding

High chemosensitivity of insects to volatile organic compounds (VOC) stimuli is mediated by odorant binding proteins (OBPs). In aphids, three OBPs (OBP3, OBP7 and OBP9) are E-β-farnesene (EBF)-binding proteins. Winged aphids are generally more sensitive than wingless aphids to VOCs, thus, wing presence is a phenotypic correlate of olfaction sensitivity. Here, we investigate the detailed temporal expression of these EBF-binding proteins and two other OBPs (OBP6 and OBP10), in the grain aphid Sitobion miscanthi 0 h, 2 h, 1 day, 3 days, 10 days, and 20 days after adult emergence. Both winged and wingless aphids were examined to further uncover phenotypic specification. Then, the expression patterns before and after EBF induction were analyzed. Throughout adulthood, only OBP7 had significantly higher antennal expression in winged aphids; however, there was no significant difference in the antennal expression of OBP3 between wing morphs at most time points. Except it was lower in newly emerged winged aphids but increased rapidly to the same level in wingless aphids at 1 day. OBP9 did not differ in expression between the morphs and was the only OBP that did not exhibit an expression trough at the beginning of the adult stage (0 h). The expression of OBP9 remained relatively stable and high throughout the adult stage in both phenotypes, showing the highest level among the three EBF-binding proteins. After EBF induction, its expression was further up-regulated in both morphs. Therefore, this protein may be an important molecule for EBF recognition in aphids. OBP7 strongly responded to EBF but only in winged aphids, suggesting that this protein is important in the more sensitive EBF recognition process of winged aphids. In addition, the antennal expression level of OBP3 did not respond to EBF induction. These findings revealed a temporal expression pattern of OBPs in aphids and showed that figuring out the pattern is critical for correctly selecting morphs and sampling times, which will support the discovery of reliable findings and allow solid conclusions to be drawn. Our findings also inspire on the interaction mode of the three EBF-binding proteins in relation to EBF perception in aphids.

Differential expression of multiple fork head related genes during gastrulation and axial pattern formation in the mouse embryo

Development ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sasaki ◽  
B.L. Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Floor Plate ◽  
Definitive Endoderm ◽  
Axis Formation ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Patterns ◽  
Fork Head ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Four genes encoding fork-head-domain-containing proteins (FD genes) have been isolated from a mouse 8.5 days post coitum (p.c.) embryo cDNA library. Two are mouse homologues of rat HNF-3 beta and HNF-3 alpha. The other two are novel and have been named MF-1 and MF-2 (for mesoderm/mesenchyme fork head). Wholemount in situ hybridization of embryos between 6.5 and 9.5 days p. c. shows that each gene has a unique expression pattern. HNF-3 beta is expressed in the node, notochord, floor plate and gut, while HNF-3 alpha is mainly in the definitive endoderm and gut, but also in the floor plate of the midbrain. These results suggest that HNF-3 beta and HNF-3 alpha, in addition to their known functions as transcriptional activators in adult liver, play a role in body axis formation, neural tube patterning and definitive endoderm formation during gastrulation. MF-1 RNA is present in non-notochordal mesoderm, and in neural-crest-derived head mesenchyme, while MF-2 transcripts are found in the sclerotomes of the somites and in head mesenchyme, including that from neural crest. Studies on gastrulation stage embryos suggest that the early temporal and spatial patterns of HNF-3 beta, MF-1 and HNF-3 alpha correlate with populations of cells undergoing commitment to different developmental fates. A model is proposed linking FD gene expression with gastrulation events in the mouse.

The mouse has a Polycomb-like chromobox gene

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Pearce ◽  
P.B. Singh ◽  
S.J. Gaunt
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Heterochromatin Protein 1 ◽  
Heterochromatin Protein ◽  
Drosophila Gene ◽  
Acid Protein ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Amino Acid Protein

The Drosophila gene Polycomb (Pc) has been implicated in the clonal inheritance of determined states and is a trans-regulator of the Antennapedia-like homeobox genes. Pc shares a region of homology (the chromobox) with the Drosophila gene Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1), a component of heterochromatin. The Pc chromobox has been used to isolate a mouse chromobox gene, M33, which encodes a predicted 519 amino acid protein. The M33 chromodomain is more similar to that in the Pc protein, than that in the HP1 protein. In addition to the chromodomain, the M33 and Pc proteins also share a region of homology at their C termini. The temporal and spatial expression patterns of M33 have been studied by in situ hybridization and northern analysis. During the final 10 days of embryonic development, M33 expression mirrors that of the cell-cycle-specific cyclin B gene. It is therefore suggested that the rate of cellular proliferation controls M33 expression. From comparisons of the characteristics of M33 with those of Pc it is proposed that M33 is a Pc-like chromobox gene. The roles of M33 and Pc in models of cellular memory are examined and implications of the memory models addressed.

In situ hybridization screen in zebrafish for the selection of genes encoding secreted proteins

2001 ◽  
Vol 222 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip S. Crosier ◽  
Anne Bardsley ◽  
Julia A. Horsfield ◽  
Anna K. Krassowska ◽  
Edward R. Lavallie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Secreted Proteins ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Comparing the Expression of Genes Related to Serotonin (5-HT) in C57BL/6J Mice and Humans Based on Data Available at the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas and Allen Human Brain Atlas

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Acevedo-Triana ◽  
L. A. León ◽  
F. P. Cardenas
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Brain Atlas ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Allen Mouse Brain Atlas

Brain atlases are tools based on comprehensive studies used to locate biological characteristics (structures, connections, proteins, and gene expression) in different regions of the brain. These atlases have been disseminated to the point where tools have been created to store, manage, and share the information they contain. This study used the data published by the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas (2004) for mice (C57BL/6J) and Allen Human Brain Atlas (2010) for humans (6 donors) to compare the expression of serotonin-related genes. Genes of interest were searched for manually in each case (in situ hybridization for mice and microarrays for humans), normalized expression data (z-scores) were extracted, and the results were graphed. Despite the differences in methodology, quantification, and subjects used in the process, a high degree of similarity was found between expression data. Here we compare expression in a way that allows the use of translational research methods to infer and validate knowledge. This type of study allows part of the relationship between structures and functions to be identified, by examining expression patterns and comparing levels of expression in different states, anatomical correlations, and phenotypes between different species. The study concludes by discussing the importance of knowing, managing, and disseminating comprehensive, open-access studies in neuroscience.

scholarly journals Co-culturing Hyphomicrobium nitrativorans strain NL23 and Methylophaga nitratireducenticrescens strain JAM1 allows sustainable denitrifying activities under marine conditions

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12424
Author(s):  
Alexandra Cucaita ◽  
Marianne Piochon ◽  
Richard Villemur
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
N Assimilation ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Potential Synergy ◽  
Pure Cultures

Background Hyphomicrobium nitrativorans strain NL23 and Methylophaga nitratireducenticrescens strain JAM1 are the principal bacteria involved in the denitrifying activities of a methanol-fed, fluidized-bed marine denitrification system. Strain NL23 possesses the complete denitrification pathway, but cannot grow under marine conditions in pure cultures. Strain JAM1 is a marine bacterium that lacks genes encoding a dissimilatory nitrite (NO2−) reductase and therefore cannot reduce NO2−. Here, we report the characterization of some of their physiological traits that could influence their co-habitation. We also perform co-cultures to assess the potential synergy between the two strains under marine and denitrifying conditions. Methodology Anoxic planktonic pure cultures of both strains were grown with different concentrations of nitrate (NO3−). Anoxic planktonic co-cultures could only be cultured on low NaCl concentrations for strain NL23 to grow. Biofilm co-cultures were achieved in a 500-mL bioreactor, and operated under denitrifying conditions with increasing concentrations of NaCl. NO3− and NO2− concentrations and the protein content were measured to derive the denitrification rates. The concentrations of both strains in co-cultures were determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Ectoine concentration was measured by mass spectrometry in the biofilm co-culture. The biofilm was visualized by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Reverse-transcription-qPCR and RNA-seq approaches were used to assess changes in the expression profiles of genes involved in the nitrogen pathways in the biofilm cultures. Results Planktonic pure cultures of strain JAM1 had a readiness to reduce NO3− with no lag phase for growth in contrast to pure cultures of strain NL23, which had a 2-3 days lag phase before NO3− starts to be consumed and growth to occur. Compared to strain NL23, strain JAM1 has a higher µmax for growth and higher specific NO3− reduction rates. Denitrification rates were twice higher in the planktonic co-cultures than those measured in strain NL23 pure cultures. The biofilm co-cultures showed sustained denitrifying activities and surface colonization by both strains under marine conditions. Increase in ectoine concentrations was observed in the biofilm co-culture with the increase of NaCl concentrations. Changes in the relative transcript levels were observed in the biofilm culture with genes encoding NapA and NapGH in strain NL23. The type of medium had a great impact on the expression of genes involved in the N-assimilation pathways in both strains. Conclusions These results illustrate the capacity of both strains to act together in performing sustainable denitrifying activities under marine conditions. Although strain JAM1 did not contribute in better specific denitrifying activities in the biofilm co-cultures, its presence helped strain NL23 to acclimate to medium with NaCl concentrations >1.0%.

scholarly journals Glucose transporter GLUT1 influences Plasmodium berghei infection in Anopheles stephensi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengfei Wang ◽  
Jingwen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Global Influence

Abstract Background: Sugar feeding provides energy for mosquitoes. Facilitated glucose transporters (GLUTs) are responsible for the uptake of glucose in animals. However, the knowledge of GLUTs function in Anopheles mosquito is limited. Methods: Phylogenetic analysis of GLUTs in Anopheles stephensi (Asteglut) was performed by the maximum likelihood and Bayesian method. The spatial and temporal expression patterns of the four Astegluts were analyzed by qPCR. The function of Asteglut1 was examined using a dsRNA-mediated RNA interference method. Transcriptome analysis was used to investigate the global influence of Asteglut1 on mosquito physiology. Results: We identified 4 glut genes, Asteglut1 , Asteglutx , Asteglut3 and Asteglut4 in An. stephensi . Asteglut1, Asteglut3 and Asteglut4 were mainly expressed in the midgut. Plasmodium berghei infection differentially regulated the expression of Astegluts with significant downregulation of Asteglut1 and Asteglut4 , while upregulation of Asteglutx . Only knocking down Asteglut1 facilitated Plasmodium berghei infection in An. stephensi . This might be due to the accumulation of glucose prior to blood feeding in dsAsteglut1-treated mosquitoes. Our transcriptome analysis revealed that knockdown of Asteglut1 differentially regulated expression of genes associated with multiple functional clusters, especially those related to detoxification and immunity. The dysregulation of multiple pathways might contribute to the increased P. berghei infection. Conclusions: Our study shows that Asteglut1 participates in defense against P. berghei in An. stephensi . The regulation of Asteglut1 on vector competence might through modulating multiple biological processes, such as detoxification and immunity.

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