scholarly journals The Challenge of Appropriate Identification and Treatment of Starvation, Sarcopenia, and Cachexia: A Survey of Australian Dietitians

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Yaxley ◽  
Michelle D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Unintentional Weight Loss ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion

Malnutrition is an umbrella term that includes starvation, sarcopenia, and cachexia; however, differentiating between these terms is infrequent in clinical practice. Given that the effectiveness of treatment depends on the aetiology of unintentional weight loss, it is important that clinicians are aware of the defining characteristics. The aim of this study was to determine whether Australian dietitians understand and use the terms starvation, sarcopenia, and cachexia and provide targeted treatment strategies accordingly. Members of the Dietitians Association of Australia were surveyed to gain information on practices and attitudes to diagnosis and treatment of adult malnutrition. In addition, three case studies were provided to examine understanding of starvation, sarcopenia, and cachexia. 221 dietitians accessed the survey. 81 respondents (43%) indicated the use of at least one alternate term (starvation, sarcopenia, and/or cachexia). Muscle wasting was the most commonly used diagnostic criterion. High-energy high-protein diet was the most common therapy prescribed. Correct diagnoses for case studies were recorded by 6% of respondents for starvation, 46% for sarcopenia, and 21% for cachexia. There is a need for increased awareness of the existence of starvation, sarcopenia, and cachexia amongst Australian dietitians and research into appropriate methods of identification and treatment for each condition.

THE INFLUENCE OF EGG WEIGHT LOSS DURING AND IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING INCUBATION, AND DIETARY INTAKE OF ENERGY AND PROTEIN ON GROWTH AND FEED EFFICIENCY IN BROILER CHICKENS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. SINCLAIR ◽  
F. E. ROBINSON ◽  
R. T. HARDIN
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Indian River ◽  
Common Weight

One thousand two hundred and seven eggs were obtained from a flock of 34-wk-old broiler breeders (Indian River strain). Prior to setting, eggs were weighed and sorted into groups of a common weight. Following hatching, the weight of the pooled hatch debris from each weight group was recorded. The percent weight loss (PWL) during incubation for each egg was calculated as follows:[Formula: see text]Chicks were sorted into two groups of 416 chicks each, based on PWL (high: 29.57% ± 0.31 and low: 24.32% ± 0.28). Chicks from each PWL group were fed one of four starter diets to 3 wk of age: (1) 26% crude protein (CP), 3200 kcal ME kg−1; (2) 23% CP, 2830 kcal ME kg−1; (3) 23% CP, 3200 kcal ME kg−1; and (4) 26% CP, 2830 kcal ME kg−1. From 3–6 wk of age all chicks were fed a 20% CP 3200 kcal ME kg−1 grower diet. Chicks in the low PWL treatments exhibited significantly higher body weights than high PWL chicks up to 5 wk of age. During the period from 1 to 3 wk, chicks fed the low-energy diet were heavier than chicks fed the high-energy diet. During the period from 1 to 6 wk, chicks fed the low-protein diet were significantly heavier than chicks fed the high-protein diet. The effects of energy and protein on body weight are attributed to significantly higher feed intake in the low-energy and low protein-fed birds. Key words: Broiler chicken, dietary energy, dietary protein, egg weight loss, incubation

scholarly journals The PROMOTE study (High-protein and resistance-training combination in overweight and obesity) for short-term weight loss and long-term weight maintenance for Chinese people: a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoyong Xu ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Yuxiang Dong ◽  
Ruikun Chen ◽  
Wenlei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Fat Diet

Abstract Background It is very important for clinicians and dieticians to explore reasonable weight management strategies for obese people that address both short-term weight loss and subsequent weight maintenance. We hypothesized that resistance training combined with a high-protein diet would result in similar short-term weight loss but better long-term weight maintenance than either a conventional low-fat diet control or a high-protein diet alone. Methods/design This is an 8-week randomized parallel controlled trial followed by a 24-week observational follow-up study. A 48-week supplementary follow-up study will be carried out if necessary. The study will be conducted between June 2019 and October 2020. The 90 overweight or obese participants will be randomly assigned to the conventional low-fat diet group, the high-protein diet group and the high-protein diet and resistance training combination group. Primary outcomes are body weight change at week 8 and week 24 compared with the baseline level. Discussion High-quality research on the effect of a high-protein diet combined resistance training on weight loss and weight maintenance is limited in the Chinese population. Our study will provide a basis for obesity management in China and will promote the development of exercise- and diet-related studies. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900023841. Registered on 14 June 2019.

Abstract P183: FTO Genotype, Dietary Protein, and Change in Appetite: the Pounds Lost trial

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Huang ◽  
Qibin Qi ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Frank Hu ◽  
George A Bray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Cravings ◽  
Fto Rs9939609

Objective: A common "obesity-risk" variant rs9939609 in the FTO gene was recently found to affect appetite, and the gene is sensitive to regulation of amino acids. We examined the interaction between FTO genotype and protein intake on the long-term changes in appetite in a randomized controlled trial. Research Design and Methods: We genotyped FTO rs9939609 in 737 overweight adults in the 2-year Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (Pounds Lost) trial and assessed four appetite related traits including cravings, fullness, hunger, and prospective consumption. Results: We found that dietary protein significantly modified genetic effects on changes in food cravings at 6 months, after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, baseline body mass index, weight change, baseline value for food cravings (P for interaction=0.027). The A allele was associated with a greater decrease in food cravings among the participants with high protein diet intake (P=0.027), but not in those low protein diet group (P= 0.384). Weight regain from 6 months to 24 months attenuated the gene-protein interactions. Protein intakes did not modify the FTO genotype effects on other appetite measures. Conclusions: Our data suggest that individuals with the FTO rs9939609 A allele might obtain more benefits in reduction of food cravings by choosing a hypocaloric and higher protein weight-loss diet. Keywords: diet, genetic variation, food cravings, gene-diet interaction, weight-loss trial

scholarly journals The effect of a high protein diet on enhanced satiety and weight loss in over weight men and women

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (OCE1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. Maloney ◽  
S. Stephen ◽  
C. L. Fyfe ◽  
D. Bremner ◽  
G. Horgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Men And Women

scholarly journals The effects of a combination of high-protein diet and resistance training on short-term weight loss and long-term weight maintenance in overweight and obese Chinese people: a study protocol

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Shaoyong ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Yuxiang Dong ◽  
Ruikun Chen ◽  
Wenlei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Fat Diet

Abstract Background It is very important for clinicians and dieticians to explore reasonable weight management strategies for obese people that address both short-term weight loss and subsequent weight maintenance. We hypothesized that resistance training combined with a high-protein diet would result in similar short-term weight loss but better long-term weight maintenance than either conventional low-fat diet control or high-protein diet alone.Methods/design This is an 8-week randomized parallel controlled trial followed by a 24-week observational follow-up study. A 48-week supplementary follow-up study will be carried out if necessary. The study will be conducted between June 2019 and October 2020. The 90 overweight or obese participants will be randomly assigned to the conventional low-fat diet group, the high-protein diet group and the high-protein diet and resistance training combination group. Primary outcomes are body weight changes at week 8 and week 24 compared with the baseline level.Discussion High-quality research on the effect of a high-protein diet combined resistance training on weight loss and weight maintenance is limited in Chinese population. Our study will provide a basis for obesity management in China, and promote the development of exercise and diet-related studies.Trials registration ChiCTR1900023841, 14 June 2019

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