scholarly journals Short-Term High-Intensity Interval Training on Body Composition and Blood Glucose in Overweight and Obese Young Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaowei Kong ◽  
Shengyan Sun ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Qingde Shi
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Young Women ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Intensity Interval

This study was to determine the effects of five-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, blood glucose, and relevant systemic hormones when compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in overweight and obese young women.Methods. Eighteen subjects completed 20 sessions of HIIT or MICT for five weeks. HIIT involved 60 × 8 s cycling at ~90% of peak oxygen consumption (V˙O2peak) interspersed with 12 s recovery, whereas MICT involved 40-minute continuous cycling at 65% ofV˙O2peak.V˙O2peak, body composition, blood glucose, and fasting serum hormones, including leptin, growth hormone, testosterone, cortisol, and fibroblast growth factor 21, were measured before and after training.Results. Both exercise groups achieved significant improvements inV˙O2peak(+7.9% in HIIT versus +11.7% in MICT) and peak power output (+13.8% in HIIT versus +21.9% in MICT) despite no training effects on body composition or the relevant systemic hormones. Blood glucose tended to be decreased after the intervention (p=0.062). The rating of perceived exertion in MICT was higher than that in HIIT (p=0.042).Conclusion. Compared with MICT, short-term HIIT is more time-efficient and is perceived as being easier for improving cardiorespiratory fitness and fasting blood glucose for overweight and obese young women.

scholarly journals Effect of Cycle-Based High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate to Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Adolescent Soccer Players

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1628
Author(s):  
Bin Fang ◽  
Yonghwan Kim ◽  
Moonyoung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Cardiorespiratory fitness, anaerobic power, and lower extremity strength are essential for soccer players at all levels. An effective program should be developed to improve physical strength for adolescent soccer players who need to combine academic and technical training. This study analyzed the impact of short-term high intensity interval training (HIIT) training and traditional moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) on adolescent soccer players. Participants included 56 adolescent soccer players who were divided into HIIT and MICT groups. The training program was conducted 3 times a week for 4 weeks using cycle ergometer. Each session included the same resistance training program, and the characteristics of HIIT and MICT were applied to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and anaerobic power. Body composition analysis, graded exercise test for peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), Wingate anaerobic power test, and isokinetic knee strength test were performed. VO2 peak was improved in HIIT and MICT, but anaerobic threshold and heart rate recovery significantly improved in the HIIT group. Wingate anaerobic peak power had increased significantly in sets 1, 2, and 3 in the HIIT group, but showed significant improvement only in set 1 in the MICT group. The isokinetic strength improved significantly in the HIIT group at 60°/s and in the MICT group at 240°/s. There was no significant change in body composition in either group. In conclusion, short-term HIIT administered to adolescent soccer players effectively improved cardiorespiratory fitness in HIIT and MICT groups. While HIIT increased anaerobic threshold and power, MICT effectively improved muscle endurance. Short-term intensive training can be considered a time-efficient training strategy.

scholarly journals Affective and Enjoyment Responses to Short-Term High-Intensity Interval Training with Low-Carbohydrate Diet in Overweight Young Women

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaowei Kong ◽  
Mingzhu Hu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Qingde Shi ◽  
Liye Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Young Women ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Exercise Enjoyment ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Low-carbohydrate diets (LCs) seem effective on weight reduction and maintenance. However, the affect and enjoyment of exercise during LCs is not clear. The purpose of the present study was to compare the psychological responses to high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) during the consumption of a 4-week LC diet in overweight young women. With LCs (~10% carbohydrate, 65%–70% fat, 20%–25% protein), forty-three eligible women (age: 20.9 ± 3.1 years; body weight: 65.8 ± 8.2 kg) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: HIIT (10 sets of 6 s all-out cycling interspersed with 9 s of rest), MICT (30 min cycling at 50%–60% of peak oxygen consumption, V̇O2peak) or no-exercise controls (CON). Anthropometric indices and V̇O2peak were measured pre- and post-training. Feeling Scale (FS), Felt Arousal Scale (FAS), Exercise Enjoyment Scale (EES), and Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) scores were collected before and immediately after each training session throughout the study. After intervention, all three groups reduced by more than 2.5 kg of body weight whereas both exercise groups improved ~15% V̇O2peak. Participants in the HIIT and MICT group exhibited similar affect points as indicated by FS and FAS. Post-exercise enjoyment scores in PACES were lower in HIIT (73–78 points) than MICT (83–87 points) despite similarly positive responses being observed in EES (corresponding to ~4 points of a 7-point scale). Short-term LCs were effective in weight loss and exercise training had an additive improvement on cardiorespiratory fitness. The overweight young women had similar affect valence, arousal levels, and comparable pleasurable feelings to HIIT and MICT with LCs. Furthermore, as indicated by PACES, MICT was more enjoyable which may elicit better adherence, whereas HIIT with LCs seems to be more arduous despite its time-efficiency.

Comparison of different volumes of high intensity interval training on cardiac autonomic function in sedentary young women

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Bhati ◽  
Vishal Bansal ◽  
Jamal Ali Moiz
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Young Women ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Purpose The present study was conducted to compare the effects of low volume of high intensity interval training (LVHIIT) and high volume of high intensity interval training (HVHIIT) on heart rate variability (HRV) as a primary outcome measure, and on maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), body composition, and lower limb muscle strength as secondary outcome measures, in sedentary young women. Methods Thirty-six participants were recruited in this study. The LVHIIT group (n = 17) performed one 4-min bout of treadmill running at 85%–95% maximum heart rate (HRmax), followed by 3 min of recovery by running at 70% HRmax, three times per week for 6 weeks. The HVHIIT group (n = 15) performed four times 4-min bouts of treadmill running at 85%–95% HRmax, interspersed with 3-min of recovery by running at 70% HRmax, 3 times per week for 6 weeks. All criterion measures were measured before and after training in both the groups. Results Due to attrition of four cases, data of 32 participants was used for analysis. A significant increase in high frequency (HF) power (p < 0.001) and decrease in the ratio of low frequency to high frequency power (LF/HF) ratio (p < 0.001) in HRV parameters, was observed post-HVHIIT, whereas, these variables did not change significantly (HF: p = 0.92, LF/HF ratio: p = 0.52) in LVHIIT group. Nevertheless, both the interventions proved equally effective in improving aerobic capacity (VO2max), body composition, and muscle strength. Conclusion The study results suggest that both LVHIIT and HVHIIT are equally effective in improving VO2max, body composition, and muscle strength, in sedentary young women. However, HVHIIT induces parasympathetic dominance as well, as measured by HRV.

Comparison of High-Intensity Interval Training to Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 798-807
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Keating ◽  
Juan Á. Párraga Montilla ◽  
Pedro Á. Latorre Román ◽  
Rafael Moreno del Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Female Population ◽  
High Intensity Interval

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is emerging as a safe and effective means to combat chronic diseases. The objective of this work was to perform a systematic review of the effect of HIIT interventions in an aging population. Three electronic databases were searched for randomized trials comparing the effect of HIIT and moderate-intensity continuous training in older adults. After a thorough screening process, 15 articles were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria. All studies expressed a comparable or superior effect of HIIT in cardiorespiratory fitness measures. No studies reported a lessened effect of HIIT in comparison with moderate-intensity continuous training. This systematic review demonstrates that HIIT is a useful exercise regimen, which can be used in older adults to increase cardiorespiratory fitness. More research is needed to determine the effects of HIIT in an aging, predominately female population.

scholarly journals Relativizing effects of high intensity interval training vs continuous moderate

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Nicanor Mello da Silva ◽  
Leony Morgana Galliano ◽  
Fabrício Boscolo Del Vecchio
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract The production of systematic reviews and meta-analysis increased substantially. In this sense, we highlight those comparing Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) and High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT). It is known that meta-analyses of well-conducted studies are considered as a superior level of scientific evidence; therefore, it is relevant to critically analyze all those articles, especially speaking about the absence of differences between MICT and HIIT reported in previous studies. Widely, analyzing studies included in a meta-analysis frequently is possible to identify a lack of crucial information to the understanding of the exercise intervention, and this can skew readers interpretation and may conduct an equivocate comprehension of the results. In meta-analysis regarding the effects of MICT and HIIT in body composition, the relativization of the full length of training time of each intervention is frequently lacking. Data from previously published meta-analysis was reanalyzed, verifying higher relative reductions of body fat percentage to the HIIT group in comparison to the MICT group when considered the duration of interventions. In this sense, we suggest that all meta-analysis about this subject need not only to provide complete analysis in body composition but also consider analysis relativized of time spent training.

scholarly journals Short-Term, Equipment-Free High Intensity Interval Training Elicits Significant Improvements in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Irrespective of Supervision in Early Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvir S. Sian ◽  
Thomas Inns ◽  
Amanda Gates ◽  
Brett Doleman ◽  
Nima Gharahdaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Introduction: Serious health implications from having low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and being overweight in young adulthood are carried forward into later life. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-effective, potent stimulus for improving CRF and indices of cardiometabolic health. To date, few studies have investigated the use of equipment-free HIIT or the impact of supervision for improving CRF via HIIT.Methods: Thirty healthy young adults (18–30 y) were randomised to 4 weeks (12 sessions) equipment-free, bodyweight based supervised laboratory HIIT (L-HIIT), unsupervised home HIIT (H-HIIT) or no-intervention (CON). Utilised exercises were star jumps, squats and standing sprints. Measurements of CRF (anaerobic threshold (AT) and VO2peak), blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), blood glucose and plasma insulin by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and muscle architecture were performed at baseline and after the intervention.Results: When compared to the control group, both HIIT protocols improved CRF (AT: L-HIIT mean difference compared to the control group (MD) +2.1 (95% CI: 0.34–4.03) ml/kg/min; p = 0.02; H-HIIT MD +3.01 (1.17–4.85) ml/kg/min; p = 0.002), VO2peak: L-HIIT (MD +2.94 (0.64–5.25) ml/kg/min; p = 0.01; H-HIIT MD +2.55 (0.34–4.76) ml/kg/min; p = 0.03), BMI (L-HIIT MD −0.43 (−0.86 to 0.00) kg/m2; p = 0.05; H-HIIT: MD −0.51 (−0.95 to −0.07) kg/m2; p = 0.03) and m. vastus lateralis pennation angle (L-HIIT MD 0.2 (0.13–0.27)°; p &lt; 0.001; H-HIIT MD 0.17 (0.09 to 0.24)°; p &lt; 0.001). There was no significant change in BP, blood glucose or plasma insulin in any of the groups.Conclusions: Four weeks time-efficient, equipment-free, bodyweight-based HIIT is able to elicit improvements in CRF irrespective of supervision status. Unsupervised HIIT may be a useful tool for counteracting the rise of sedentary behaviours and consequent cardiometabolic disorders in young adults.

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