scholarly journals Hyperparathyroidism in Pregnancy Leading to Pancreatitis and Preeclampsia with Severe Features

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Dale ◽  
Bradley D. Holbrook ◽  
Lauren Sobel ◽  
Valerie J. Rappaport
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Parathyroid Hormones ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background. Hyperparathyroidism is underdiagnosed in pregnancy, yet early diagnosis is necessary for the potentially severe sequelae of hypercalcemia for both the woman and fetus.Case. A 31-year-old, gravida 3, para 0-0-2-0 at 32 weeks and 3 days of gestation, presented with preeclampsia with severe features concomitant with acute pancreatitis and known diabetes mellitus type 2. She was stabilized and delivered. In the postpartum period, her total calcium level remained elevated. Ionized calcium levels and parathyroid hormone levels were also elevated, and she was diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism.Conclusion. Hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia are risk factors for pancreatitis. Women who develop pancreatitis during pregnancy are at increased risk of developing preeclampsia. If elevated serum calcium is noted, it should be confirmed with ionized calcium level and parathyroid hormones as ionized calcium levels are unaffected by pregnancy.

scholarly journals Insulin response dysregulation explains abnormal fat storage and increased risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 in Cohen Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 6603-6613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floriane Limoge ◽  
Laurence Faivre ◽  
Thomas Gautier ◽  
Jean-Michel Petit ◽  
Elodie Gautier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Fat Storage ◽  
Cohen Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Frequency and pattern of dyslipidemia in diabetes mellitus type 2.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (06) ◽  
pp. 828-832
Author(s):  
Akhtar Ali ◽  
Rabeel Nawaz ◽  
Faiza Dildar Ghuman ◽  
Syed Muhammad Hasan ◽  
Sadia Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Detailed Medical History

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the frequency and pattern of dyslipidemia in patients of diabetes mellitus type 2. Study Design: Cross Sectional Observational study. Setting: Medicine Department and National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology OPD of Dow University Hospital OJHA Campus Karachi Sindh. Period: March 2018 to September 2018. Material & Methods: 142 diabetes mellitus type 2 patients aged between 35-60 years, selected by non-probability consecutive sampling method. Detailed medical history and blood sample for fasting lipid profile was obtained from each diabetic patient. Result: Out of 142 diabetic patients investigated for dyslipidemia, 72 (50.7%) were male and 70 (49.3%) were female with a mean age of 47.49±6.40 (35-60) years. Dyslipidemia was detected in 114 (80.3%) patients; with most common abnormality was elevated serum triglycerides (54.9%), followed by decreased serum HDL cholesterol (50.7%), elevated serum VLDL cholesterol (50.0%), elevated serum cholesterol (38.7%) and elevated serum LDL cholesterol (16.9%). Conclusion: It was concluded that diabetes mellitus type 2 is directly correlated with higher incidence of dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals Trans-ancestry genome-wide association study of gestational diabetes mellitus highlights genetic links with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Pervjakova ◽  
Gunn-Helen Moen ◽  
Maria-Carolina Borges ◽  
Teresa Ferreira ◽  
James P Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
In Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications and adverse perinatal outcomes. GDM often reoccurs and is associated with increased risk of subsequent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). To improve our understanding of the aetiological factors and molecular processes driving the occurrence of GDM, including the extent to which these overlap with T2D pathophysiology, the GENetics of Diabetes In Pregnancy (GenDIP) Consortium assembled genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of diverse ancestry in a total of 5,485 women with GDM and 347,856 without GDM. Through trans-ancestry meta-analysis, we identified five loci with genome-wide significant association (p<5×10-8) with GDM, mapping to/near MTNR1B (p=4.3×10-54), TCF7L2 (p=4.0×10-16), CDKAL1 (p=1.6×10-14), CDKN2A-CDKN2B (p=4.1×10-9) and HKDC1 (p=2.9×10-8). Multiple lines of evidence pointed to genetic contributions to the shared pathophysiology of GDM and T2D: (i) four of the five GDM loci (not HKDC1) have been previously reported at genome-wide significance for T2D; (ii) significant enrichment for associations with GDM at previously reported T2D loci; (iii) strong genetic correlation between GDM and T2D; and (iv) enrichment of GDM associations mapping to genomic annotations in diabetes-relevant tissues and transcription factor binding sites. Mendelian randomisation analyses demonstrated significant causal association (5% false discovery rate) of higher body mass index on increased GDM risk. Our results provide support for the hypothesis that GDM and T2D are part of the same underlying pathology but that, as exemplified by the HKDC1 locus, there are genetic determinants of GDM that are specific to glucose regulation in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Genes in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Association with Diabetic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Athanasios Roumeliotis ◽  
Stefanos Roumeliotis ◽  
Fotis Tsetsos ◽  
Marianthi Georgitsi ◽  
Panagiotis I. Georgianos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Increased Risk

Diabetic type 2 patients compared to nondiabetic patients exhibit an increased risk of developing diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Hyperglycemia, hypertension, oxidative stress (OS), and genetic background are some of the mechanisms and pathways implicated in DKD pathogenesis. However, data on OS pathway susceptibility genes show limited success and conflicting or inconclusive results. Our study is aimed at exploring OS pathway genes and variants which could be associated with DKD. We recruited 121 diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) patients with DKD (cases) and 220 DM2, non-DKD patients (control) of Greek origin and performed a case-control association study using genome-wide association data. PLINK and EIGENSOFT were used to analyze the data. Our results indicate 43 single nucleotide polymorphisms with their 21 corresponding genes on the OS pathway possibly contributing or protecting from DKD: SPP1, TPO, TTN, SGO2, NOS3, PDLIM1, CLU, CCS, GPX4, TXNRD2, EPHX2, MTL5, EPX, GPX3, ALOX12, IPCEF1, GSTA, OXR1, GPX6, AOX1, and PRNP. Therefore, a genetic OS background might underlie the complex pathogenesis of DKD in DM2 patients.

scholarly journals A retrospective study on prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from a teaching hospital of west Uttar Pradesh, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Debranjan Datta ◽  
Vishal Prakash Giri
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Level ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Hyperuricemia have been associated with an increased risk for not only type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension but also for metabolic syndrome, hyperinsulinemia, gout and many cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with hypertension and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from a teaching hospitals of West Uttar Pradesh.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in the department of pharmacology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research centre, Moradabad, West Uttar Pradesh over a period of six months.Results: A total of 524 case records with high blood pressure and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined during the study period. The mean age of subjects reported was 45 years. A 35.3 % (185/524) were found to have elevated serum uric acid level. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was found increased with an increased duration of disease among hypertensive, diabetic patients.Conclusions: A high prevalence of hyperuricemia was observed among patients with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and among the patients with both co-morbidities in our studies.

scholarly journals Increased incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (21) ◽  
pp. 4845-4850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge J. Castillo ◽  
Nikhil Mull ◽  
John L. Reagan ◽  
Saed Nemr ◽  
Joanna Mitri
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Antidiabetic Therapy ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Hematologic malignancies are a heterogeneous group of conditions with an unclear etiology. We hypothesized that diabetes mellitus type 2 is associated with increased risk of developing lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma. A literature search identified 26 studies (13 case-control and 13 cohort studies) evaluating such an association. Outcome was calculated as the odds ratio (OR) using a random effects model. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated using the I2 index and the trim-and-fill analysis, respectively. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The OR for non-Hodgkin lymphoma was increased at 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.39; P < .01) but the OR for Hodgkin lymphoma was not. There was an increased OR for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (OR = 2.42, 95% CI, 1.24-4.72; P = .009) but not for other non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes. The OR for leukemia was 1.22 (95% CI, 1.03-1.44; P = .02) and the OR for myeloma was 1.22 (95% CI, 0.98-1.53; P = .08). Although diabetes mellitus type 2 seems to increase the risk of developing lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma, future studies should focus on evaluating other potential confounders such as obesity, dietary habits, physical activity, and/or antidiabetic therapy.

scholarly journals The Role of Testosterone in the Etiology and Treatment of Obesity, the Metabolic Syndrome, and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Saad ◽  
Louis J. Gooren
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk

Obesity has become a major health problem. Testosterone plays a significant role in obesity, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of risk factors predisposing to diabetes mellitus type 2, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The main components of the syndrome are visceral obesity, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, raised blood pressure and dyslipidemia (elevated triglycerides, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and a proinflammatory and thrombogenic state. Cross-sectional epidemiological studies have reported a direct correlation between plasma testosterone and insulin sensitivity, and low testosterone levels are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, dramatically illustrated by androgen deprivation in men with prostate carcinoma. Lower total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) predict a higher incidence of the metabolic syndrome. Administration of testosterone to hypogonadal men reverses part of the unfavorable risk profile for the development of diabetes and atherosclerosis.

The relationship between diabetes mellitus and heart rhythm disorders: a focus on common pathophysiological mechanisms and modern treatment strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
L.V. Zhuravlyova ◽  
◽  
N.V. Sokolnikova ◽  
T.A. Rogachova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Heart Rhythm Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk

The aim of this review article is the analysis the latest evidence based scientific data on the pathophysiological association between diabetes mellitus and heart arrhythmias and the most acceptable treatment possibilities for their correction. In recent decades, the worldwide prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 and associated cardiovascular complications has increased expeditiously. Diabetes mellitus has been proven to increase the risk of atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias regardless of the development of coronary heart disease. The pathophysiological link between diabetes mellitus and arrhythmias has been found to include cardiac diabetic autonomic neuropathy, structural and metabolic myocardial remodeling, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Chronic hyperglycemia has been shown to increase risk of atrial dibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias in a dose-dependent manner. Intensive treatment with sulfonylureas and insulin is accompanied by episodes of hypoglycemia, which increases the risk of QTc prolongation and life-threatening arrhythmias. Treatment with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (iDPP-4) inhibitors does not reduce the risk of arrhythmias and is not recommended due to the increased risk of heart failure. Metformin effectively and safely reduces risk of arrhythmias in diabetes mellitus type 2. Sodium glucose transporter inhibitors and neprilysin inhibitors are promising medications to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death, including arrhythmias, in diabetes mellitus type 2.

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