scholarly journals The Single Nucleotide PolymorphismPPARG2Pro12Ala Affects Body Mass Index, Fat Mass, and Blood Pressure in Severely Obese Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula dos Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Lorena Pereira Souza Rosa ◽  
Hugo Delleon da Silva ◽  
Elisângela de Paula Silveira-Lacerda ◽  
Erika Aparecida Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Pro12ala Polymorphism ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Severely Obese

Background. ThePPARG2Pro12Ala (rs1801282) andIL6-174G >C (rs1800795) have important function in body weight regulation and a potential role in obesity risk. We aimed to investigate the association betweenPPARG2Pro12Ala andIL6-174G >C variants and the genotypes interaction with body composition, metabolic markers, food consumption, and physical activity in severely obese patients.Methods. 150 severely obese patients (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2) from Central Brazil were recruited. Body composition, metabolic parameters, physical activity, and dietary intake were measured. The genotype was determined by the qPCR TaqMan Assays System. Multiple linear regression and multiple logistic regression models were fitted adjusting for confounders.Results. Ala carriers of the Pro12Ala polymorphism had higher adiposity measures (BMI:p=0.031, and fat mass:p=0.049) and systolic blood pressure (p=0.026) compared to Pro homozygotes. We found no important associations between the -174G >C polymorphism and obesity phenotypes. When genotypes were combined, individuals with genotypes ProAla + AlaAla and GC + CC presented higher BMI (p=0.029) and higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) consumption (p=0.045) compared to the ones with genotypes ProPro and GG, and individuals carriers of thePPARG2Ala allele only (genotype ProAla + AlaAla and GG) had higher fat mass and systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to the ones with genotypes ProPro and GG.Conclusions. Severely obese individuals carrying the Ala allele of thePPARG2Pro12Ala polymorphism had higher measures of adiposity and blood pressure, while no important associations were found for theIL6-174G >C polymorphism.

scholarly journals Diferencias en la composición corporal y actividad física en estudiantes universitarios según año de ingreso

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Fernando Rodriguez Rodriguez ◽  
Mitzi Santibañez Miranda ◽  
Grundy Montupin Rozas ◽  
Francisca Chávez Ramírez ◽  
Patricio Solis Urra
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The University ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

Introducción: La etapa universitaria es un proceso determinante para consolidar los hábitos de vida, donde los estudiantes se ven obligados a cambiar la mayoría de sus hábitos, que propician una mala alimentación, pobre organización del tiempo y menor actividad física, teniendo repercusiones en la condición y estructura física, lo que puede afectar considerablemente el estado de salud de esta población. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las diferencias en la composición corporal y actividad física en estudiantes universitarios según su año de ingreso. Materiales y métodos: Participaron en el estudio 287 estudiantes de ambos sexos (171 mujeres y 116 hombres), pertenecientes a las facultades de “Filosofía y Educación”, “Ingenierías” y “Ciencias”, a los cuales se les realizó una evaluación antropométrica para estimar la composición corporal con las ecuaciones de De Rose y Guimaraes y un cuestionario de frecuencia de actividad física. Resultados: Los resultados indican que existen diferencias en el Índice de Masa Corporal y masa grasa entre estudiantes mujeres de 1º y 2º año y entre 1º y 5º año en los hombres. La masa muscular no presenta grandes diferencias entre los grupos, pero si se aprecia cambios negativos entre el Índice de Masa Corporal y masa grasa de estudiantes que recién ingresan versus los estudiantes de último año. Conclusiones: Durante la universidad se vive un periodo crítico que afecta el nivel actividad física y el estado nutricional de los estudiantes y que podría empeorar en estudiantes con más años en la universidad.AbstractIntroduction: The university stage is a determining process when consolidating people’s habits of life, where students are forced to change most of their habits favoring a poor diet, poor organization of time and less physical activity, which at the same time, has an impact on the condition and physical structure and can significantly affect the health status of this population. Objective: To determine the differences in body composition and physical activity in university students according to their year of admission. Materials and methods: The study involved 287 male and female students (171 women and 116 men) who belonged to the faculties of Philosophy and Education, Engineering and Science, who underwent an anthropometric assessment to estimate body composition with De Rose and Guimaraes equations and a frequency of physical activity questionnaire. Results: The results show that there are differences in Body Mass Index and fat mass among female students of first and second year and between the first and fifth year in men. Muscle mass had no significant differences between groups, but there is negative changes between Body Mass Index and fat mass from students newly admitted versus students in their last year. Conclusions: During the university stage, students face a critical period that affects their physical activity level and nutritional status, which could get worse for students with more years at the university.

scholarly journals Body mass index, physical activity, and physical fitness of adolescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Candra Dewi ◽  
Nanda Rimawati ◽  
Purbodjati Purbodjati
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Mass Percentage

Background: Adolescents experience growth and significant changes in body composition which influence physical activity and response to sport or exercise. The level of physical fitness in adolescent girls is usually lower than that of boys, due to differences in body composition and levels of physical activity. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between fat mass percentage, body composition, physical activity, and physical fitness.Design and Methods: This study used an analytical observational, and cross-sectional design with total samples consisting of 70 male and female students aged 14-15 years. They were selected through simple random sampling, and the data collected were anthropometric measurements, body composition, physical activity and physical fitness. In addition, the Pearson correlation test was used for data analysis.Results: The results showed that 68.57% of participants had a normal body mass index, 74.3% had moderate physical activity, and 44.28% had fat mass percentage including an obesity category and, 54.29% had low physical fitness. Furthermore, the Pearson test showed a significant relationship between physical activity, body mass index and fat mass percentage with physical fitness.Conclusions: An increased fat mass percentage is associated with decreased levels of physical fitness. Furthermore, a good determinant of low physical fitness in obese conditions is the percentage of fat mass rather than BMI.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Physical Activity, Body Mass Index and Body Composition among Students at a Pre-University Centre in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
You HW ◽  
Tan PL ◽  
Mat Ludin AF
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
University Students ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Relationship

INTRODUCTION: Physical activity is an essential element in our daily life that leads to long-term health benefits. Physical activity refers to movement of the body that requires energy. Body mass index (BMI) indicates a ratio of body weight to squared height, which is a useful health indicator. On the contrary, body composition describes the body by measuring percentages of fat and muscle in human bodies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship between physical activities, BMI and body composition among pre-university students from one of the universities in Selangor, Malaysia. Stratified random sampling was employed to recruit 70 pre-university students into this study. RESULTS: From the study, 50% of the respondents are categorized as minimally active. In addition, there is significant difference between the physical activity levels of male and female respondents. The relationship between physical activity and BMI indicates a very weak negative correlation. Similarly, the correlation between physical activity and fat mass is a weak negative relationship. Meanwhile, there is a weak positive correlation between physical activity and muscle mass. CONCLUSION: Therefore, it can be concluded that when physical activity increases, BMI and body fat mass will decrease, while muscle mass will increase. Moreover, it was shown that there was a significant relationship between physical activity and body composition. 

scholarly journals Body Composition, Psychological, Cardiovascular, and Physical Activity Factors Related with Academic School Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8775
Author(s):  
Laura Redondo-Flórez ◽  
Domingo Jesus Ramos-Campo ◽  
Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
School Students

The aim of the present study was to analyse body composition, anxiety, cardiovascular, and physical activity factors related with academic performance of school students as well as to analyse differences, by age, in these factors. We analysed in 266 primary school students’ (8.81 ± 1.62 years, range: 5–13 years) heart rate, anthropometric variables to calculate body mass index, physical activity performance, anxiety levels and academic results by the average of marks. Students were divided in two different groups, firstly by their lower or higher academic performance, and secondly by age. Results showed a negative correlation between academic performance and age, weight, body mass index and trait anxiety variables. Additionally, significant differences were found by age, presenting older students higher scores in body mass index and lower physical activity, trait anxiety, heart rate and academic performance values than younger students. Overweight and obesity may have a great impact in academic performance in children and we pointed out the necessity to establish programs related with healthy habits which include improvements in physical activity and nutrition behaviours with the objective to enhance children’s health general status, psychological profile, cognitive and motor development, and academic performance.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of High Blood Pressure among Adolescents: A School based Study in Rural Area of Hooghly District, West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Malay Kumar Das ◽  
Rabindranath Sinha ◽  
Aparajita Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction: The World Health Organization has already warned of increasing non-communicable diseases among adolescents as a major public health problem. The importance of this age group also lies in the fact that many serious diseases in adulthood have their roots in adolescence. Method: A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used in class-room setting to collect information from students regarding presence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases. The respondents were also subjected to anthropometric measurements and blood pressure examination using standard operating procedures. Results: A total of 761 students of class VI-XII participated in the study of which 61.4% were boys and rests were girls. High blood pressure among boys and girls were 19.9% and 22.1% were respectively. In Bivariate analysis age > 15 years (median) (OR= 2.11), fast food intake (>3 times/week) (OR= 1.66), Alcohol consumption (OR= 2.22), less physical activity (OR=1.54), increased body mass index (OR=2.53), significantly associated with high blood pressure. In Multivariate analysis age (AOR= 2.25), fast food intake (AOR= 1.50), Alcohol consumption (OR= 2.23), less physical activity (AOR=1.71), increased body mass index (AOR=2.42) remains significant predictor. Conclusion: Detecting the risk factors of high blood pressure prevalent in the population is of utmost importance to achieve a healthy population. Formulation and dissemination of need--based, culturally acceptable and age appropriate scientific messages for school students should be conducted more proactively. Keywords: Adolescents, Blood pressure, Risk factor, Rural school.

Abstract 15499: Children After Fontan have the Strength, Body Composition, and Daily Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Required for Successful Participation with Peers

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia E Longmuir ◽  
Mary Corey ◽  
Guy Faulkner ◽  
Jennifer L Russell ◽  
Brian W McCrindle
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: This cross-sectional study evaluated the healthy, active lifestyle capacity (daily physical activity, strength, flexibility, body composition) of children after Fontan, which was hypothesized to be lower than healthy peers. Methods: Participants (n=64, 25 female) were 9 ± 2 years of age. Fontan completion occurred at 3 ± 1 years of age. Canadian Health Measures Survey protocols assessed aerobic endurance (walking up/down steps at set pace), strength (handgrip dynamometry), flexibility (sit and reach), body composition (body mass index) and daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (7-day accelerometry). Participant versus published norm differences were evaluated with t-tests. Linear regression evaluated associations with age/gender/demographic factors. Results: Children after Fontan had strength scores similar (mean difference 1 kg) to their peers, were less likely to be obese (mean difference of body mass index = 1.1 ± 2.5, p=.001) and performed 50 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity per day. Estimated maximal aerobic endurance (mean difference = 21 ± 3 ml/kg/min or 61% of expected) and flexibility (mean difference = 9 ± 8 cm or 64% of expected) were lower than peers(p<.001). Participants performed fewer minutes of daily activity (mean difference from normal 12 ± 17 minutes/day, p<.001), but almost all (60/63) demonstrated the capacity for at least 20 minutes per day. Daily activity was higher with Fontan completion at a younger age (4 ± 2 mins/year) and for those taking antithrombotic medication (7 ± 18 and 22 ± 17 fewer minutes/day for those taking/not taking antithrombotics, respectively). Conclusions: Children after Fontan demonstrate the capacity to successfully perform the daily physical activity associated with optimal health. They have similar levels of strength and good body composition. We recommend that children after Fontan be counselled to expect that they can successfully participate in physically active peer play.

scholarly journals Higher Usual Energy Intake, Body Mass, Body Mass Index, and Fat Free Mass Index Are Associated with Lower Attrition from an Arduous Military Selection Course (P23-005-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Farina ◽  
Lauren Thompson ◽  
Joseph Knapik ◽  
Stefan Pasiakos ◽  
James McClung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Energy Deficit

Abstract Objectives To determine whether usual energy intake and body composition are associated with attrition from an arduous military selection course characterized by energy deficit and strenuous physical events, including fitness tests, loaded road marches, runs, land navigation, and an obstacle course. Methods Energy intake and body composition were assessed in U.S. Army Soldiers (n = 776) at the start of a military assessment and selection course. Usual energy intake (kcal) over the previous year was estimated from a 127-item Block food frequency questionnaire. Body composition measures, including body mass (kg), body mass index (BMI, body mass in kg/height in m2), fat free mass index (FFMI, fat free mass in kg/height in m2), and fat mass index (FMI, fat mass in kg/height in m2) were assessed by calibrated scale and 3-site skinfold caliper measures. Associations between energy intake, body composition, and demographics were determined with analysis of variance. Logistic regression was used to determine likelihood of attrition [odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI)] based on quartiles of energy intake and body composition. Models were adjusted for age, education, duration of aerobic exercise, duration of strength training, smoking status, and smokeless tobacco use. Results Soldiers that were younger (18–24 y), engaged in longer duration of aerobic exercise (≥200 min/wk) and strength training (≥400 min/wk), had more education (≥some college), and were smokeless tobacco users had higher energy intakes (P < 0.05). Higher energy intake was associated with higher body mass and FFMI (P < 0.05). After adjustment, Soldiers with higher energy intake, body mass, BMI, and FFMI were less likely to fail the strenuous course (Q1 vs. Q2, Q3, and Q4: OR range = 0.25–0.54; 95% CI lower bound range = 0.15–0.33; 95% CI upper bound range = 0.46–0.87). FMI was not associated with attrition. Conclusions Optimization of body composition by adequate consumption of calories prior to a physically demanding military selection course may be associated with reduced attrition. Funding Sources Supported by U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Army or the Department of Defense. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

HbA1c AND BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS: RELATION WITH GENDER, BODY MASS INDEX, STUDY FIELD, AND LIFESTYLE IN LEBANESE STUDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1101-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Younes ◽  
Myriam Atallah ◽  
Raquel Alam ◽  
Nour Hajj Chehade ◽  
Marie-Hélène Gannagé-Yared
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Lebanese Students

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of prediabetes/diabetes in Lebanese university students and to examine the relationship between both hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood pressure (BP) and gender, body mass index (BMI), study field, and lifestyle factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Saint-Joseph University of Beirut. A total of 603 students aged 18 to 25 years were recruited from both the medical science campus (MSC) and the social science campus (SSC) between January, 2016, and May, 2018. Waist circumference (WC), BMI, and BP were determined for each student and HbA1c was measured using the Siemens vintage DCA device. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire about their eating habits and level of physical activity. Results: The mean age of the population was 20.31 ± 1.76 years. The percentage of participants recruited from the MSC was 59.2%. The prevalence of prediabetes was 2.5%. Lower BMI, WC, and HbA1c values, and higher diastolic BP (DBP) were found in MSC students compared to SSC ones. HbA1c, systolic BP (SBP), and DBP were correlated with BMI ( P = .02, P<.0001, and P = .017, respectively). HbA1c was not associated with eating habits or physical activity. DBP was inversely associated with physical activity ( P = .002), while SBP was positively associated with fast food consumption ( P = .003). Conclusion: The present study shows a low prevalence of prediabetes in Lebanese students. BMI and the study field are the main factors predicting HbA1c and BP. Further studies are needed to extrapolate our results to the overall young Lebanese population. Abbreviations: ADA = American Diabetes Association; BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; HTN = hypertension; MSC = medical science campus; SBP = systolic blood pressure; SSC = social science campus; T2D = type 2 diabetes; US = United States; USJ = Saint-Joseph University; WC = waist circumference

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