scholarly journals Association between Breastfeeding Duration and Type of Birth Attendant

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordyn T. Wallenborn ◽  
Saba W. Masho
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Breastfeeding Education ◽  
Nurse Midwife ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Introduction. Healthcare providers play an integral role in breastfeeding education and subsequent practices; however, the education and support provided to patients may differ by type of provider. The current study aims to evaluate the association between type of birth attendant and breastfeeding duration. Methods. Data from the prospective longitudinal study, Infant Feeding Practices Survey II, was analyzed. Breastfeeding duration and exclusive breastfeeding duration were defined using the American Academy of Pediatrics’ national recommendations. Type of birth attendant was categorized into obstetricians, other physicians, and midwife or nurse midwife. If mothers received prenatal care from a different type of provider than the birth attendant, they were excluded from the analysis. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to obtain crude and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results. Compared to mothers whose births were attended by an obstetrician, mothers with a family doctor or midwife were twice as likely to breastfeed at least six months. Similarly, mothers with a midwife birth attendant were three times as likely to exclusively breastfeed less than six months and six times more likely to exclusively breastfeed at least six months compared to those who had an obstetrician birth attendant. Conclusions. Findings from the current study highlight the importance of birth attendants in breastfeeding decisions. Interventions are needed to overcome barriers physicians encounter while providing breastfeeding support and education. However, this study is limited by several confounding factors that have not been controlled for as well as by the self-selection of the population.

scholarly journals Trends in breastfeeding practices and mothers’ experience in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Courtois ◽  
Sandrine Péneau ◽  
Benoît Salanave ◽  
Valentina A. Andreeva ◽  
Marie Françoise Roland-Cachera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Breastfeeding Education ◽  
Breastfeeding Cessation

Abstract Background France has one of the lowest rates in the world regarding breastfeeding initiation and duration. Few studies have explored breastfeeding practices in France since the middle of the twentieth century, or following from initiation to cessation. The purpose of our study was to determine trends in breastfeeding over the past decades regarding public health recommendations, and to examine mothers’ perceptions about factors known to have an impact on breastfeeding support and cessation. Methods From the NutriNet-Santé cohort, 29,953 parous women (launched in 2009 to study relation between nutrition and health), were included in the present study. Using web-questionnaires, they were asked retrospectively if they had breastfed their youngest child or not, and if so, the duration of exclusive and total breastfeeding. For those who had breastfed, we investigated their perceptions about support at initiation and during the entire breastfeeding period and reasons for breastfeeding cessation. We also asked those who did not breastfeed about their perceptions and reasons for infant formula feeding their youngest child. Analyses were weighted according to the French census data. Results In the NutriNet-Santé cohort, 67.3% of mothers breastfed their youngest child. The proportion of breastfed children increased over the past few decades, from 55.0% (95% CI 54.3, 55.6) in the 1970s to 82.9% (82.4, 83.4) in the 2010s. Total and exclusive breastfeeding duration went from 3.3 months and 2.4 months respectively in the 1970s to 5.9 months and 3.2 months respectively in the 2010s. Most mothers felt supported at initiation and during the breastfeeding period. A reported desire to have breastfed longer than two months was 59.5%. Mothers who did not breastfeed did it by choice (64.3%). They did not feel guilty (78.2%) and did not perceive a problem not to breastfeed (58.8%), but almost half of them would have liked to have breastfed (45.9%). Conclusion Breastfeeding duration has increased in the past decades but did not reach the public health recommendations threshold. Targets other than mothers have to be considered for breastfeeding education, like the partner and her environment, to increase breastfeeding practices. Trial registration The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03335644).

Trajectories and Risk Factors for Pediatric Postconcussive Symptom Recovery

Neurosurgery ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Katie Truss ◽  
Stephen J C Hearps ◽  
Franz E Babl ◽  
Michael Takagi ◽  
Gavin A Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
Parental Distress ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Postconcussive Symptoms ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Symptom Recovery ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract BACKGROUND Persistent postconcussive symptoms (PCS) are poorly understood in children. Research has been limited by an assumption that children with concussion are a homogenous group. OBJECTIVE To identify (i) distinctive postconcussive recovery trajectories in children and (ii) injury-related and psychosocial factors associated with these trajectories. METHODS This study is part of a larger prospective, longitudinal study. Parents of 169 children (5-18 yr) reported their child's PCS over 3 mo following concussion. PCS above baseline levels formed the primary outcome. Injury-related, demographic, and preinjury information, and child and parent mental health were assessed for association with trajectory groups. Data were analyzed using group-based trajectory modeling, multinomial logistic regression, and chi-squared tests. RESULTS We identified 5 postconcussive recovery trajectories from acute to 3 mo postinjury. (1) Low Acute Recovered (26.6%): consistently low PCS; (2) Slow to Recover (13.6%): elevated symptoms gradually reducing; (3) High Acute Recovered (29.6%): initially elevated symptoms reducing quickly to baseline; (4) Moderate Persistent (18.3%): consistent, moderate levels of PCS; (5) Severe Persistent (11.8%): persisting high PCS. Higher levels of child internalizing behaviors and greater parental distress were associated with membership to the Severe Persistent group, relative to the Low Acute Recovered group. CONCLUSION This study indicates variability in postconcussive recovery according to 5 differential trajectories, with groups distinguished by the number of reported symptoms, levels of child internalizing behavior problems, and parental psychological distress. Identification of differential recovery trajectories may allow for targeted early intervention for children at risk of poorer outcomes.

scholarly journals Development of a Community-Based Lactation Support Program

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Public Health Nurse ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Breastfeeding Education ◽  
Individual Support

<p><strong>Background. </strong>Despite the recommendations from leading health organizations and the documented health benefits for both mother and infant, breastfeeding success rates continue to be suboptimal.</p> <p><strong>Design. </strong>A program development design was used for this Community-Based Lactation Support Program. This pilot was the first step in accomplishing the long term goal of expansion of the program to the entire community of Scituate and the state of Rhode Island.</p> <p><strong>Objectives</strong>. The objectives of this program were to increase exclusive and sustained breastfeeding rates in the town of Scituate through education and support and to ensure a positive breastfeeding experience for the breastfeeding family. The program was designed to enhance, not replace, existing breastfeeding support services and healthcare providers.</p> <p><strong>Method. </strong>The objectives were accomplished through individual support, education, and empowerment in the home environment using a public health nurse implemented program.</p> <p>The pilot consisted of a program design utilizing the Precede/Proceed framework for: project promotion and recruitment; pre-natal interview and breastfeeding education; postpartum home visit; and follow-up phone assessments at one week, two weeks, one month, and three months after delivery.</p> <p><strong>Results. </strong>The four mothers who participated in the pilot reported an increase in confidence and knowledge and sustained, exclusive breastfeeding during follow-up phone assessments.</p>

scholarly journals Breastfeeding, Antidepressants, and Depression in the Mercy Pregnancy and Emotional Well-Being Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Galbally ◽  
Stuart J. Watson ◽  
Helen Ball ◽  
Andrew James Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antidepressant Use ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background: Depression is consistently shown to predict lower rates of breastfeeding. In a handful of studies, breastfeeding has predicted lower depression symptoms. However, studies demonstrating the latter are limited in their measurement of both depression and breastfeeding and have not followed participants from pregnancy across the postpartum period. Research Aim: The primary aim of this study was to describe breastfeeding intentions and behaviors for the first 12 months postpartum among nonmedicated depressed, antidepressant-exposed, and control participants. The secondary aim was to examine group differences in the association between depressive symptoms and breastfeeding duration up to 12 months postpartum. Methods: First-trimester women ( N = 212) were recruited into a prospective longitudinal study. Depressive disorders at baseline were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, and depressive symptoms were measured at the first and second trimesters and 6 and 12 months postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Breastfeeding duration, support from family and employers, and perceptions of participants’ experience were measured. Results: Depressed women and antidepressant-exposed women reported a trend toward lower rates of intention, initiation, and duration, but this did not reach statistical significance. There was a statistically significant difference on depressive symptoms for women taking antidepressants during pregnancy, compared with controls, when they continued to breastfeed for 12 months postpartum. Conclusions: This study did not find a strong association between depression or antidepressant use and intention to breastfeed, partner breastfeeding support, or initiation or duration of breastfeeding. However, for women who took antidepressants, there was evidence that breastfeeding for 12 months was associated with lower depressive symptoms.

Education Attainment and Parity Explain the Relationship Between Maternal Age and Breastfeeding Duration in U.S. Mothers

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mackenzie D. M. Whipps
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background: Prior research in high-income countries finds that young mothers tend to breastfeed their infants for shorter durations than older mothers; however, there are gaps in our understanding of the processes by which age influences breastfeeding. Research aim: The primary objective of this study was to test the mediating effects of parity and education attainment on the association between maternal age and two breastfeeding outcomes: total duration and duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis of the IFPS II, a prospective, longitudinal study of ~ 4,900 American mothers. Robust and bias-corrected regression analyses tested the direct effect of age and the indirect effects of age through parity and education for each outcome of interest. Results: Parity and education attainment together explain nearly all of the association between maternal age and both measures of breastfeeding duration. The mediating role of education is significantly larger than parity for both outcomes. Conclusion: These findings indicate that maternal age primarily indexes parity and education but contributes minimally to breastfeeding duration via a direct effect. The findings have implications for intervention development and targeting strategies.

scholarly journals The relationship between breastfeeding and reported respiratory and gastrointestinal infection rates in young children

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Frank ◽  
◽  
Kristian F. Lynch ◽  
Ulla Uusitalo ◽  
Jimin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infection ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background Although breastfeeding is touted as providing many health benefits to infants, some aspects of this relationship remain poorly understood. Methods The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) is a prospective longitudinal study that follows children from birth through childhood, and collects data on illness events, breastfeeding duration, and time to introduction of formula or foods at 3 month intervals up until 4 years of age and at 6 months intervals thereafter. Exclusive and non-exclusive breastfeeding is examined in relation to the 3-month odds of a respiratory or gastrointestinal infection for 6861 children between the ages of 3–18 months, and 5666 children up to the age of 4 years. Analysis was performed using logistic regression models with generalized estimating equation methodology. All models were adjusted for potential confounding variables. Results At 3–6 months of age, breastfeeding was found to be inversely associated with the odds of respiratory infections with fever (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70–0.95), otitis media (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.62–0.94), and infective gastroenteritis (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.46–0.70), although the inverse association with respiratory illnesses was observed only for girls during the winter months. Between 6 and 18 months of age, breastfeeding within any 3 month period continued to be inversely associated with the odds of ear infection and infective gastroenteritis, and additionally with the odds of conjunctivitis, and laryngitis and tracheitis, over the same 3 month period within this age range. However, breastfeeding in this group was associated with increased reports of common cold. Duration of exclusive breastfeeding was inversely associated with the odds of otitis media up to 48 months of age (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95–0.99) after breastfeeding had stopped. Conclusions This study demonstrates that breastfeeding can be protective against multiple respiratory and gastrointestinal acute illnesses in some children up to at least 6 months of age, with duration of exclusive breastfeeding being somewhat protective of otitis media even after breastfeeding has stopped. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00279318. Date of registration: January 17, 2006 (proactively registered). First Posted: January 19, 2006.

Indicators of rearrest among male court mandated substance use treatment patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert M. Kopak ◽  
Steven L. Proctor ◽  
Norman G. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Demographic Risk ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Purpose – Effective substance use treatment is a viable way to reduce criminal justice contact among drug-involved offenders, but there is still a lot to learn about which indicators have the greatest impact on treatment outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to determine which clinical indicators influenced the likelihood of rearrest among male drug-involved offenders. Design/methodology/approach – This prospective longitudinal study examined indicators of 12-month post-treatment rearrest for male criminal justice-involved substance use treatment patients. Multinomial logistic regression results drawn from a sample of 1,531 adult male patients who were mandated to substance use treatment indicated that there were different factors related to the likelihood of one as well as multiple post-treatment arrests. Findings – Demographic risk factors, such as age and unemployment, were associated with significant increases in the probability of experiencing an arrest within 12-months of treatment discharge. Substance use relapse was also a significant indicator of the likelihood of rearrest and contributed to an increase in the odds of one post-treatment rearrest as well as multiple rearrests. A drug dependence diagnosis, relative to a diagnosis for alcohol dependence, was associated with an increased likelihood of rearrest. Participation in outpatient treatment was associated with a lower likelihood of rearrest. Practical implications – These findings emphasize the need for treatment providers to concentrate heavily on demographic risk reduction to minimize the chance that male patients are rearrested after treatment. Relapse prevention, on the other hand, is critical in the effort to minimize the number of post-treatment rearrests in this population. Originality/value – The results from this study provide evidence to empirically support the refinement of substance treatment programs for male patients involved in the criminal justice system.

scholarly journals Decline in Kidney Function among Apparently Healthy Young Adults at Risk of Mesoamerican Nephropathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 2200-2212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Gonzalez-Quiroz ◽  
Evangelia-Theano Smpokou ◽  
Richard J. Silverwood ◽  
Armando Camacho ◽  
Dorien Faber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Agricultural Work ◽  
Mesoamerican Nephropathy ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background Epidemic levels of CKD of undetermined cause, termed Mesoamerican nephropathy in Central America, have been found in low- and middle-income countries. We investigated the natural history of, and factors associated with, loss of kidney function in a population at high risk for this disease.Methods We conducted a 2-year prospective, longitudinal study with follow-up every 6 months in nine rural communities in northwestern Nicaragua and included all men (n=263) and a random sample of women (n=87) ages 18–30 years old without self-reported CKD, diabetes, or hypertension. We used growth mixture modeling to identify subgroups of eGFR trajectory and weighted multinomial logistic regression to examine associations with proposed risk factors.Results Among men, we identified three subpopulations of eGFR trajectory (mean baseline eGFR; mean eGFR change over follow-up): 81% remained stable (116 ml/min per 1.73 m2; −0.6 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year), 9.5% experienced rapid decline despite normal baseline function (112 ml/min per 1.73 m2; −18.2 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year), and 9.5% had baseline dysfunction (58 ml/min per 1.73 m2; −3.8 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year). Among women: 96.6% remained stable (121 ml/min per 1.73 m2; −0.6 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year), and 3.4% experienced rapid decline (132 ml/min per 1.73 m2; −14.6 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year; n=3 women). Among men, outdoor and agricultural work and lack of shade availability during work breaks, reported at baseline, were associated with rapid decline.Conclusions Although Mesoamerican nephropathy is associated with agricultural work, other factors may also contribute to this disease.

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