scholarly journals Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Xing Li ◽  
Mingyue Ao ◽  
Chunling Zhang ◽  
Shunming Fan ◽  
Zhimin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
The World ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (ZRR, the fresh rhizoma of Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is also a traditional spice, widely used around the world. The present paper reviews advances in research relating to the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens. In addition, this review also discusses some significant issues and the potential direction of future research on Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens. More than 100 chemical compounds have been isolated from Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, including gingerols, essential oils, diarylheptanoids, and other compounds. Modern studies have confirmed that Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens has pharmacological effects on the nervous system and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, as well as antiemetic, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, the modern studies of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens are still not complete and more bioactive components and potential pharmacological effects need to be explored in the future. There is no unified standard to evaluate the quality and clinical efficacy of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens. Therefore, we should establish reasonable, accurate, and reliable quality control standards to make better use of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens.

scholarly journals Cinnamomum cassia Presl: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunling Zhang ◽  
Linhong Fan ◽  
Shunming Fan ◽  
Jiaqi Wang ◽  
Ting Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Health Product ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia Presl

Cinnamomum cassia Presl is a tropical aromatic evergreen tree of the Lauraceae family, commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is also a traditional spice, widely used around the world. This paper summarizes the achievements of modern research on C. cassia, including the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. In addition, this review also discusses some significant issues and the potential direction of future C. cassia research. More than 160 chemicals have been separated and identified from C. cassia. The main constituents of C. cassia are terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, glycosides, etc. Modern studies have confirmed that C. cassia has a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antitumour, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity, antibacterial and antiviral, cardiovascular protective, cytoprotective, neuroprotective, immunoregulatory effects, anti-tyrosinase activity and other effects. However, the modern studies of C. cassia are still not complete and more in-depth investigations need to be conducted in alimentotherapy, health product, toxicity and side effects, and more bioactive components and potential pharmacological effects need to be explored in the future.

Diseases infecting ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): A review

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gupta Meenu ◽  
Manisha Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
The World

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is an important spice crop in India, which is also one of the leading producer and exporter of ginger in the world. During cultivation, the crop is severely infected by various diseases of them soft rot, yellows, Phyllosticta leaf spot, storage rot, bacterial wilt, mosaic, chlorotic fleck are important. These diseases reduce the potential yields drastically. The geographical distribution, losses, symptoms, causal organism, disease cycle, epidemiology and host resistance, cultural, biological, chemical and integrated management of above mentioned diseses have been discussed in the present paper.

scholarly journals Zoology, chemical composition, pharmacology, quality control and future perspective of Musk (Moschus): a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Liu ◽  
Long Xie ◽  
Mao Deng ◽  
Xumin Zhang ◽  
Jia Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractMusk, the dried secretion from the musk sac gland which is located between the navel and genitals of mature male musk deer, is utilized as oriental medicine in east Asia. It has been utilized to treat conditions such as stroke, coma, neurasthenia, convulsions, and heart diseases in China since ancient times. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of musk in zoology, chemical composition, pharmacology, clinical applications, and quality control according to the up-to-date literature. Studies found that musk mainly contains macrocyclic ketones, pyridine, steroids, fatty acids, amino acids, peptides, and proteins, whilst the main active ingredient is muscone. Modern pharmacological studies have proven that musk possesses potent anti-inflammatory effects, neuroprotective effects, anti-cancer effects, antioxidant effects, etc. Moreover, muscone, the main active ingredient, possesses anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antioxidant, and other pharmacological effects. In the quality control of musk, muscone is usually the main detection indicator, and the common analytical method is GC, and researchers have established novel and convenient methods such as HPLC-RI, RP-UPLC-ELSD, and Single-Sweep Polarography. In addition, quality evaluation methods based on steroids and the bioactivity of musk have been established. As for the identification of musk, due to various objective factors such as the availability of synthetic Muscone, it is not sufficient to rely on muscone alone as an identification index. To date, some novel technologies have also been introduced into the identification of musk, such as the electronic nose and DNA barcoding technology. In future research, more in vivo experiments and clinical studies are encouraged to fully explain the pharmacological effects and toxicity of musk, and more comprehensive methods are needed to evaluate and control the quality of musk.

Bioactive components analysis of two various gingers (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and antioxidant effect of ginger extracts

LWT ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiang-yu Yeh ◽  
Cheng-hung Chuang ◽  
Hsin-chun Chen ◽  
Chu-jen Wan ◽  
Tai-liang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Components Analysis

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds in Leucocalocybe mongolica Pharmacological and Therapeutic Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Haiying ◽  
Muhammad Toseef Zahid ◽  
Asmaa Hussein Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Medicinal Mushrooms ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Biochemical Components ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

Medicinal mushrooms have got much attention from biologists in the last decades. Leucocalocybe mongolica Imai remains one of the famous clinical and edible mushrooms used in traditional Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine to treat various diseases. It also commonly consumes in Chinese and Mongolian daily dishes. Numerous biochemical components exist in L. mongolica, especially in the fruiting bodies include; polysaccharides, sterol, lectins, laccase, amino acids, terpenes, volatile compounds, and so on. These biomedical components possess a lot of medicinal properties and provide diverse therapeutical effects for human health, such as anti-tumor activity, antiproliferative activity, anti-diabetes properties, hypotensive effect, hepatoprotective effect, antioxidant activity, cardioprotective effect, and so on. However, this review's main objectives are to illustrate some basics about the bioactive components in L. mongolica and its pharmacological effects on the human body. In addition to giving forward some suggestions for future research on this medicinal mushroom.

Ultrastructure of neuromuscular relationships in the canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis)

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
W. L. Steffens ◽  
Nancy B. Roberts ◽  
J. M. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Canine Heartworm ◽  
The World ◽  
Synaptic Region ◽  
Muscle Innervation ◽  
Insight Into

The canine heartworm is a common and serious nematode parasite of domestic dogs in many parts of the world. Although nematode neuroanatomy is fairly well documented, the emphasis has been on sensory anatomy and primarily in free-living soil species and ascarids. Lee and Miller reported on the muscular anatomy in the heartworm, but provided little insight into the peripheral nervous system or myoneural relationships. The classical fine-structural description of nematode muscle innervation is Rosenbluth's earlier work in Ascaris. Since the pharmacological effects of some nematacides currently being developed are neuromuscular in nature, a better understanding of heartworm myoneural anatomy, particularly in reference to the synaptic region is warranted.

Молекулярно-клеточные механизмы стресс-протективной активности растительного адаптогенного средства «Кардекаим» на фоне острого эмоционального стресса

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Эльвира Алексеевна Алексеева ◽  
О. Г. Димитров ◽  
Л. Н. Шантанова ◽  
С. М. Николаев ◽  
Е. Н. Карева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Hsp 70 ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Inula Helenium

Изучены адаптогенные свойства растительного средства «Кардекаим», представляющего собой сухой экстракт из сырья Inula helenium L., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Elletaria cardamomum (L.) Maton., Caragana spinosa (L.) Wall. ex Hornem. и содержащего в качестве действующих веществ фенольные соединения и терпеноиды. Курсовое превентивное введение кардекаима в дозе 100 мг/кг в течение 7 дней перед острым эмоциональным стрессом оказывает выраженное стресс-протективное действие, препятствуя развитию признаков «триады Селье»: инволюции вилочковой железы (40 %), язвенным повреждениям слизистой оболочки желудка (в 5 раз) и в меньшей степени — гипертрофии надпочечников (p ≤ 0,05), полученный эффект не уступает препарату сравнения — экстракту элеутерококка. Показано, что повышение резистентности к стрессу под влиянием кардекаима сопровождается активацией синтеза белков теплового шока (Hsp-70), не связанной со стресс-индуцированной генерацией NO.

EFEK PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK AIR JAHE (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) DAN PENYIMPANAN DINGIN TERHADAP MUTU SENSORI IKAN TUNA (Thunnus albacores)

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Silvana Dinaintang Harikedua
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Storage Treatment ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Hedonic Scale ◽  
And Storage

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ginger extract addition and refrigerate storage on sensory quality of Tuna through panelist’s perception. Panelists (n=30) evaluated samples for overall appearance and flavor attribute using hedonic scale 1–7. The sample which is more acceptable by panelists on flavor attributes having 3% gingers extract and storage for 3 days. The less acceptable sample on flavor attribute having 0% ginger extract and storage for 9 days. On the other hand, the sample which is more acceptable by panelists on overall appearance having 0% ginger extract without storage treatment. The less acceptable sample on overall appearance having 3% ginger extract and storage for 9 days.

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