Abstract B110: The use of patient-derived xenograft models to explore new treatment strategies in uterine sarcomas

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Cuppens ◽  
Els Hermans ◽  
Debby Thomas ◽  
Ellen Gommé ◽  
Matthieu Moisse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Uterine Sarcomas ◽  
Patient Derived Xenograft ◽  
Xenograft Models ◽  
New Treatment

scholarly journals Accelerating development of high-risk neuroblastoma patient-derived xenograft models for preclinical testing and personalised therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 680-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin Kamili ◽  
Andrew J. Gifford ◽  
Nancy Li ◽  
Chelsea Mayoh ◽  
Shu-Oi Chow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Nsg Mice ◽  
Patient Derived Xenograft ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Pdx Models

Abstract Background Predictive preclinical models play an important role in the assessment of new treatment strategies and as avatar models for personalised medicine; however, reliable and timely model generation is challenging. We investigated the feasibility of establishing patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of high-risk neuroblastoma from a range of tumour-bearing patient materials and assessed approaches to improve engraftment efficiency. Methods PDX model development was attempted in NSG mice by using tumour materials from 12 patients, including primary and metastatic solid tumour samples, bone marrow, pleural fluid and residual cells from cytogenetic analysis. Subcutaneous, intramuscular and orthotopic engraftment were directly compared for three patients. Results PDX models were established for 44% (4/9) of patients at diagnosis and 100% (5/5) at relapse. In one case, attempted engraftment from pleural fluid resulted in an EBV-associated atypical lymphoid proliferation. Xenogeneic graft versus host disease was observed with attempted engraftment from lymph node and bone marrow tumour samples but could be prevented by T-cell depletion. Orthotopic engraftment was more efficient than subcutaneous or intramuscular engraftment. Conclusions High-risk neuroblastoma PDX models can be reliably established from diverse sample types. Orthotopic implantation allows more rapid model development, increasing the likelihood of developing an avatar model within a clinically useful timeframe.

scholarly journals Essential Oils, Pituranthos chloranthus and Teucrium ramosissimum, Chemosensitize Resistant Human Uterine Sarcoma MES-SA/Dx5 Cells to Doxorubicin by Inducing Apoptosis and Targeting P-Glycoprotein

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1719
Author(s):  
Aida Lahmar ◽  
Aline Mathey ◽  
Virginie Aires ◽  
Dorra Elgueder ◽  
Anne Vejux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Uterine Sarcoma ◽  
Uterine Sarcomas ◽  
P Glycoprotein ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Sarcoma Cells

The multidrug resistance phenotype is a global phenomenon and causes chemotherapy failure in various cancers, such as in uterine sarcomas that have a high mortality rate. To overcome this phenotype, there is growing research interest in developing new treatment strategies. In this study, we highlight the potential of two essential oils from the Apiaceae family, Pituranthos chloranthus (PC) and Teucrium ramosissimum Desf. (TR), to act as chemopreventive and chemosensitizing agents against two uterine sarcoma cell lines, MES-SA and P-gp-overexpressing MES-SA/Dx5 cells. We found that PC and TR were able to inhibit the cell viability of sensitive MES-SA and resistant MES-SA/Dx5 cells by a slight modulation of the cell cycle and its regulators, but also through a significant induction of apoptosis. The molecular mechanism involved both caspase pathways associated with an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Very interestingly, the combination of doxorubicin with PC or TR induced a synergism to increase cell death in resistant MES-SA/Dx5 cells and, subsequently, had the benefit of decreasing the resistance index to doxorubicin. These synergistic effects were reinforced by a decrease in P-gp expression and its P-gp adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity, which subsequently led to intracellular doxorubicin accumulation in resistant sarcoma cells.

scholarly journals Activation and Molecular Targets of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γLigands in Lung Cancer

PPAR Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael A. Nemenoff ◽  
Mary Weiser-Evans ◽  
Robert A. Winn
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Direct Binding ◽  
Xenograft Models ◽  
New Treatment

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death, and five-year survival remains poor, raising the urgency for new treatment strategies. Activation of PPARγrepresents a potential target for both the treatment and prevention of lung cancer. Numerous studies have examined the effect of thiazolidinediones such as rosiglitazone and pioglitazone on lung cancer cells in vitro and in xenograft models. These studies indicate that activation of PPARγinhibits cancer cell proliferation as well as invasiveness and metastasis. While activation of PPARγcan occur by direct binding of pharmacological ligands to the molecule, emerging data indicate that PPARγactivation can occur through engagement of other signal transduction pathways, including Wnt signaling and prostaglandin production. Data, both from preclinical models and retrospective clinical studies, indicate that activation of PPARγmay represent an attractive chemopreventive strategy. This article reviews the existing biological and mechanistic experiments focusing on the role of PPARγin lung cancer, focusing specifically on nonsmall cell lung cancer.

Humoral Immunity in Heart Failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Sarkar ◽  
Khadija Rafiq
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Cardiac Inflammation ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune System ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Immunity Function

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve disorders of heart and blood vessels, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, which finally lead to Heart Failure (HF). There are several treatments available all over the world, but still, CVD and heart failure became the number one problem causing death every year worldwide. Both experimental and clinical studies have shown a role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of heart failure. This seems related to an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Cardiac inflammation is a major pathophysiological mechanism operating in the failing heart, regardless of HF aetiology. Disturbances of the cellular and humoral immune system are frequently observed in heart failure. This review describes how B-cells play a specific role in the heart failure states. There is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets and develop advanced therapeutic strategies to combat the syndrome of HF. Understanding and describing the elements of the humoral immunity function are essential and may suggest potential new treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Emerging Natural-Product-Based Treatments for the Management of Osteoarthritis

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Maria-Luisa Pérez-Lozano ◽  
Annabelle Cesaro ◽  
Marija Mazor ◽  
Eric Esteve ◽  
Sabine Berteina-Raboin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Clinical Models ◽  
Osteoarthritic Joint ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Review Current

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex degenerative disease in which joint homeostasis is disrupted, leading to synovial inflammation, cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, and resulting in pain and joint disability. Yet, the development of new treatment strategies to restore the equilibrium of the osteoarthritic joint remains a challenge. Numerous studies have revealed that dietary components and/or natural products have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-bone-resorption, and anabolic potential and have received much attention toward the development of new therapeutic strategies for OA treatment. In the present review, we provide an overview of current and emerging natural-product-based research treatments for OA management by drawing attention to experimental, pre-clinical, and clinical models. Herein, we review current and emerging natural-product-based research treatments for OA management.

scholarly journals The Optimal First-Line Therapy ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection in Year 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Hung Kuo ◽  
Fu-Chen Kuo ◽  
Huang-Ming Hu ◽  
Chung-Jung Liu ◽  
Sophie S. W. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rescue Therapy ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Sequential Therapy ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
First Line ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Metronidazole Resistance ◽  
Rescue Treatment ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
H Pylori

This paper reviews the literature about first-line therapies forH. pyloriinfection in recent years. First-line therapies are facing a challenge because of increasing treatment failure due to elevated antibiotics resistance. Several new treatment strategies that recently emerged to overcome antibiotic resistance have been surveyed. Alternative first-line therapies include bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, sequential therapy, concomitant therapy, and hybrid therapy. Levofloxacin-based therapy shows impressive efficacy but might be employed as rescue treatment due to rapidly raising resistance. Rifabutin-based therapy is also regarded as a rescue therapy. Several factors including antibiotics resistance, patient compliance, and CYP 2C19 genotypes could influence the outcome. Clinicians should use antibiotics according to local reports. It is recommended that triple therapy should not be used in areas with high clarithromycin resistance or dual clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance.

scholarly journals Olaparib Inhibits Tumor Growth of Hepatoblastoma in Patient Derived Xenograft Models

Hepatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Edward Johnston ◽  
Maria Prates Rivas ◽  
Delphine Nicolle ◽  
Aurore Gorse ◽  
Ruhi Gulati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Patient Derived Xenograft ◽  
Xenograft Models

scholarly journals “Empowering” Cardiac Cells via Stem Cell Derived Mitochondrial Transplantation- Does Age Matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1824
Author(s):  
Matthias Mietsch ◽  
Rabea Hinkel
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
New Treatment

With cardiovascular diseases affecting millions of patients, new treatment strategies are urgently needed. The use of stem cell based approaches has been investigated during the last decades and promising effects have been achieved. However, the beneficial effect of stem cells has been found to being partly due to paracrine functions by alterations of their microenvironment and so an interesting field of research, the “stem- less” approaches has emerged over the last years using or altering the microenvironment, for example, via deletion of senescent cells, application of micro RNAs or by modifying the cellular energy metabolism via targeting mitochondria. Using autologous muscle-derived mitochondria for transplantations into the affected tissues has resulted in promising reports of improvements of cardiac functions in vitro and in vivo. However, since the targeted treatment group represents mainly elderly or otherwise sick patients, it is unclear whether and to what extent autologous mitochondria would exert their beneficial effects in these cases. Stem cells might represent better sources for mitochondria and could enhance the effect of mitochondrial transplantations. Therefore in this review we aim to provide an overview on aging effects of stem cells and mitochondria which might be important for mitochondrial transplantation and to give an overview on the current state in this field together with considerations worthwhile for further investigations.

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