scholarly journals Peripheral Metabolic Effects of Endocannabinoids and Cannabinoid Receptor Blockade

Obesity Facts ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Engeli
Keyword(s):  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Receptor Blockade

M1854 Cannabinoid Receptor Blockade Attenuates Acute Pancreatitis By An Adiponectin Mediated Mechanism

2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. A-876
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Zyromski ◽  
Abhishek Mathur ◽  
Terence Wade ◽  
Sue Wang ◽  
Deborah A. Swartz-Basile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Receptor Blockade

Metabolic effects of low and high doses of insulin during beta-receptor blockade in dogs

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Reikerås ◽  
Pål Gunnes ◽  
Dag Sørlie ◽  
Rolf Ekroth
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Beta Receptor ◽  
Beta Receptor Blockade ◽  
High Doses

scholarly journals CB1 receptor mediates the effects of glucocorticoids on AMPK activity in the hypothalamus

2013 ◽  
Vol 219 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miski Scerif ◽  
Tamás Füzesi ◽  
Julia D Thomas ◽  
Blerina Kola ◽  
Ashley B Grossman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Cb1 Receptor ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Ampk Activity

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a regulator of cellular and systemic energy homeostasis, can be influenced by several hormones. Tissue-specific alteration of AMPK activity by glucocorticoids may explain the increase in appetite, the accumulation of lipids in adipose tissues, and the detrimental cardiac effects of Cushing's syndrome. Endocannabinoids are known to mediate the effects of various hormones and to influence AMPK activity. Cannabinoids have central orexigenic and direct peripheral metabolic effects via the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1). In our preliminary experiments, WT mice received implants of a corticosterone-containing pellet to establish a mouse model of Cushing's syndrome. Subsequently, WT andCb1(Cnr1)-knockout (CB1-KO) littermates were treated with corticosterone and AMPK activity in the hypothalamus, various adipose tissues, liver and cardiac tissue was measured. Corticosterone-treated CB1-KO mice showed a lack of weight gain and of increase in hypothalamic and hepatic AMPK activity. In adipose tissues, baseline AMPK activity was higher in CB1-KO mice, but a glucocorticoid-induced drop was observed, similar to that observed in WT mice. Cardiac AMPK levels were reduced in CB1-KO mice, but while WT mice showed significantly reduced AMPK activity following glucocorticoid treatment, CB1-KO mice showed a paradoxical increase. Our findings indicate the importance of the CB1 receptor in the central orexigenic effect of glucocorticoid-induced activation of hypothalamic AMPK activity. In the periphery adipose tissues, changes may occur independently of the CB1 receptor, but the receptor appears to alter the responsiveness of the liver and myocardial tissues to glucocorticoids. In conclusion, our data suggest that an intact cannabinoid pathway is required for the full metabolic effects of chronic glucocorticoid excess.

scholarly journals Role of adiponectin in the metabolic effects of cannabinoid type 1 receptor blockade in mice with diet-induced obesity

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (4) ◽  
pp. E457-E468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tam ◽  
Grzegorz Godlewski ◽  
Brian J. Earley ◽  
Liang Zhou ◽  
Tony Jourdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Wild Type Littermate ◽  
Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor ◽  
Hepatocellular Damage

The adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin promotes fatty acid oxidation and improves insulin sensitivity and thus plays a key role in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. Chronic cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor blockade also increases lipid oxidation and improves insulin sensitivity in obese individuals or animals, resulting in reduced cardiometabolic risk. Chronic CB1 blockade reverses the obesity-related decline in serum adiponectin levels, which has been proposed to account for the metabolic effects of CB1 antagonists. Here, we investigated the metabolic actions of the CB1 inverse agonist rimonabant in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese adiponectin knockout (Adipo−/−) mice and their wild-type littermate controls (Adipo+/+). HFD-induced obesity and its hormonal/metabolic consequences were indistinguishable in the two strains. Daily treatment of obese mice with rimonabant for 7 days resulted in significant and comparable reductions in body weight, serum leptin, free fatty acid, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in the two strains. Rimonabant treatment improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity to the same extent in Adipo+/+ and Adipo−/− mice, whereas it reversed the HFD-induced hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular damage only in the former. The adiponectin-dependent, antisteatotic effect of rimonabant was mediated by reduced uptake and increased β-oxidation of fatty acids in the liver. We conclude that reversal of the HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and fibrosis by chronic CB1 blockade, but not the parallel reduction in adiposity and improved glycemic control, is mediated by adiponectin.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Δ9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Alone or in Combination With a 1:1 Ratio of Cannabidiol (CBD) in Reversing the Spatial Learning Deficits in Old Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Nidadavolu ◽  
Andras Bilkei-Gorzo ◽  
Michael Krämer ◽  
Britta Schürmann ◽  
Michela Palmisano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Learning ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Old Mice

Decline in cognitive performance, an aspect of the normal aging process, is influenced by the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) signaling diminishes with advancing age in specific brain regions that regulate learning and memory and abolishing CB1 receptor signaling accelerates cognitive aging in mice. We recently demonstrated that prolonged exposure to low dose (3 mg/kg/day) Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) improved the cognitive performances in old mice on par with young untreated mice. Here we investigated the potential influence of cannabidiol (CBD) on this THC effect, because preclinical and clinical studies indicate that the combination of THC and CBD often exhibits an enhanced therapeutic effect compared to THC alone. We first tested the effectiveness of a lower dose (1 mg/kg/day) THC, and then the efficacy of the combination of THC and CBD in 1:1 ratio, same as in the clinically approved medicine Sativex®. Our findings reveal that a 1 mg/kg/day THC dose still effectively improved spatial learning in aged mice. However, a 1:1 combination of THC and CBD failed to do so. The presence of CBD induced temporal changes in THC metabolism ensuing in a transient elevation of blood THC levels. However, as CBD metabolizes, the inhibitory effect on THC metabolism was alleviated, causing a rapid clearance of THC. Thus, the beneficial effects of THC seemed to wane off more swiftly in the presence of CBD, due to these metabolic effects. The findings indicate that THC-treatment alone is more efficient to improve spatial learning in aged mice than the 1:1 combination of THC and CBD.

scholarly journals Cannabinoid Receptor Blockade Reveals Parallel Plasticity Mechanisms in Different Layers of Mouse Visual Cortex

Neuron ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Hang Liu ◽  
Arnold J. Heynen ◽  
Marshall G. Hussain Shuler ◽  
Mark F. Bear
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Mouse Visual Cortex
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