scholarly journals Battery management system on electric bike using Lithium-Ion 18650

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1529
Author(s):  
Soeprapto Soeprapto ◽  
Rini Nur Hasanah ◽  
Taufik Taufik
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Electric Bike

<span>Electric bike (E-Bike) is a bicycle driven using an electric motor and uses batteries as the energy source. It is environmentally friendly as no exhaust gas is resulted during its operation. More than one battery is normally required, being arranged in series or in parallel connection. Over limit or overloaded conditions of battery usage will reduce the lifecycle of battery, speed up its replacement and add to the maintenance cost of electric bike. This paper proposes the prevention of such degrading condition using a tool to manage the battery usage both during the charging and discharging process. The proposed electronic Battery Management System (BMS) serves to regulate, monitor, and maintain the condition of batteries to prevent any possible damage. The resulted BMS design could provide a well balancing action in a battery system consisting of 13 cells utilizing the cell-to-cell active balancing method. The test results showed that the proposed BMS could monitor the individual cell voltage with an average error of 0.032 V (0.824</span><span lang="IN">%</span><span>), while reading the charge and discharge current with an average error of 0.04 A (</span><span lang="IN">6.25%</span><span>), and the battery pack temperature with an average error of 1.21<sup>o</sup>C (</span><span lang="IN">2.9%</span><span>). Additionally, the BMS could offer a functional battery pack protection system from conditions such as undervoltage, overvoltage, overheat, and overcurrent.</span>

scholarly journals System protection for lithium-ion batteries management system: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rimon ◽  
Khairul Safuan Muhammad ◽  
S.I. Sulaiman ◽  
AM Omar
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Faulty Cell

<span>Robustness of a battery management system (BMS) is a crucial issue especially in critical application such as medical or military. Failure of BMS will lead to more serious safety issues such as overheating, overcharging, over discharging, cell unbalance or even fire and explosion. BMS consists of plenty sensitive electronic components and connected directly to battery cell terminal. Consequently, BMS exposed to high voltage potential across the BMS terminal if a faulty cell occurs in a pack of Li-ion battery. Thus, many protection techniques have been proposed since last three decades to protect the BMS from fault such as open cell voltage fault, faulty cell, internal short circuit etc. This paper presents a review of a BMS focuses on the protection technique proposed by previous researcher. The comparison has been carried out based on circuit topology and fault detection technique</span>

scholarly journals Development of Life-cycle Detection and Extending Function for Reusing Automotive Lithium-ion Battery – Verified in 52V LiMnNiCoO2 Platform

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu-Yang Sean ◽  
Ana Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Management System ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Cycle Detection

Abstract For reusing automotive lithium-ion battery, an in-house battery management system is developed. To overcome the issues of life cycle and capacity of reused battery, an online function of estimating battery’s internal resistance and open-circuit voltage based on adaptive control theory are applied for monitoring life cycle and remained capacity of battery pack simultaneously. Furthermore, ultracapacitor is integrated in management system for sharing peak current to prolong life span of reused battery pack. The discharging ratio of ultracapacitor is adjusted manually under Pulse-Width-Modulation signal in battery management system. In case study in 52V LiMnNiCoO2 platform, results of estimated open-circuit voltage and internal resistances converge into stable values within 600(s). These two parameters provide precise estimation for electrical capacity and life cycle. It also shows constrained voltage drop both in the cases of 25% to 75% of ultracapacitors discharging ratio compared with single battery. Consequently, the Life-cycle detection and extending functions integrated in battery management system as a total solution for reused battery are established and verified.

scholarly journals Designing of Lithium - Ion Battery Pack Rechargeable on a Hybrid System with Battery Management System (BMS) for DC Loads of Low Power Applications – A Prototype Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2089 (1) ◽  
pp. 012017
Author(s):  
Ramu Bhukya ◽  
Praveen Kumar Nalli ◽  
Kalyan Sagar Kadali ◽  
Mahendra Chand Bade
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Management System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Li Ion

Abstract Now a days, Li-ion batteries are quite possibly the most exceptional battery-powered batteries; these are drawing in much consideration from recent many years. M Whittingham first proposed lithium-ion battery technology in the 1970s, using titanium sulphide for the cathode and lithium metal for the anode. Li-ion batteries are the force to be reckoned with for the advanced electronic upset in this cutting-edge versatile society, solely utilized in cell phones and PC computers. A battery is a Pack of cells organized in an arrangement/equal association so the voltage can be raised to the craving levels. Lithium-ion batteries, which are completely utilised in portable gadgets & electric vehicles, are the driving force behind the digital technological revolution in today’s mobile societies. In order to protect and maintain voltage and current of the battery with in safe limit Battery Management System (BMS) should be used. BMS provides thermal management to the battery, safeguarding it against over and under temperature and also during short circuit conditions. The battery pack is designed with series and parallel connected cells of 3.7v to produce 12v. The charging and releasing levels of the battery pack is indicated by interfacing the Arduino microcontroller. The entire equipment is placed in a fiber glass case (looks like aquarium) in order to protect the battery from external hazards to design an efficient Lithium-ion battery by using Battery Management System (BMS). We give the supply to the battery from solar panel and in the absence of this, from a regular AC supply.

Research on a Battery Balancing Method for Lithium-Ion Battery Pack of Electric Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 986-987 ◽  
pp. 1842-1845
Author(s):  
Yi Ning Chen ◽  
Yu Gui ◽  
Hong He
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Topological Structure ◽  
Management System ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Key Technology

As the key technology of the electric vehicle, more and more research on battery management system has been done. And the balancing technology is the important part of battery management system. In this paper, a multi-inductor balancing method based on the Buck-Boost topological structure is used to improve batteries’ inconsistencies by obtaining parameters of the battery pack in real time. The proposed balancing method can improve batteries’ inconsistencies so as to increase the capacity utilization rate of the battery pack and prolong the battery lifespan. And in this paper a series of bench experiments were done to examine the effectiveness of the balancing method.

scholarly journals Environmental testing for reliable battery management system in electric vehicle

2020 ◽  
Vol 1517 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
J Raharjo ◽  
A Wikarta ◽  
I Sidharta ◽  
M N Yuniarto ◽  
M I Firdaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Temperature Cycling ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Environmental Testing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Battery Cells

Abstract The Battery management system (BMS) is a main component in the battery pack system for electric vehicles (EV). The function of BMS is to monitor battery cells such as; cell voltage, cell temperature, and current in the battery pack. Moreover BMS also able to balance the voltage of the cells so the difference in voltage of the cells can be minimized. By having many of these functions, BMS can identify battery health based on these parameters. With such an important function, in this paper, BMS was tested to determine its reliability. The standard testing for BMS reliability is the Environment test. In the environment test, some things that are conducted in the environment test are initial temperature cycling. From the environment, the test can be generated information to assess the quality of the BMS following its function. Furthermore, it can reduce the cost to inspect every battery cells in the packs. With the environment test as a basis for BMS reliability tester, hopefully, good quality is obtained. Future development in BMS reliability testing can also be conducted to improve reliability.

scholarly journals A Novel Battery Management System for Series Parallel Connected Li-Ion Battery Pack for Electric Vehicle Application.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-499
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
In Series ◽  
Li Ion

The green energy evolution initiated the use of electric and hybrid electric vehicles at present on roads. These vehicles extensively use different types of batteries and among them lithium ion batteries are prominent. The Li-ion battery pack constitutes number of Li-ion battery cells connected in series and parallel configuration. This battery bank needs a suitable battery management system for its efficient operation. This paper presents a novel battery management system to monitor and control the battery current, voltage, state of charge and most importantly the cell temperature. The detail BMS scheme for Li-ion battery pack is presented and simulation is carried out to validate its performance with a driving cycle of electric car.

scholarly journals Modeling and Simulation of Battery Management System (BMS) for Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 805-815
Author(s):  
Ravi P Bhovi ◽  
◽  
Ranjith A C ◽  
Sachin K M ◽  
Kariyappa B S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Extended Kalman Filter ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Management System ◽  
Unscented Kalman Filter ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Electric Cars

Electric cars have evolved into a game-changing technology in recent years. A Battery Management System (BMS) is the most significant aspect of an Electric Vehicle (EV) in the automotive sector since it is regarded as the brain of the battery pack. Lithium-ion batteries have a large capacity for energy storage. The BMS is in charge of controlling the battery packs in electric vehicles. The major role of the BMS is to accurately monitor the battery’s status, which assures dependable operation and prolongs battery performance. The BMS’s principal job is to keep track, estimate, and balance the battery pack’s cells. The major goals of this work are to keep track of battery characteristics, estimate SoC using three distinct approaches, and balance cells. Coulomb Counting, Extended Kalman Filter, and Unscented Kalman Filter are the three algorithms that will be implemented. Current is used as an input parameter to implement the coulomb counting method. In contrast to voltage and temperature, the current value is taken into account by the Extended and Unscented Kalman Filters. To calculate the state transition and measurement update matrix, these parameters are considered. This matrix will then be used to calculate SoC. Results of all the algorithms will be comparatively analyzed. MATLAB R2020a software is used for the simulation of different algorithms and SoC calculation. Three states of BMS are considered and they are Discharging phase, the Standby/resting phase, and the Charging phase. At the beginning of the Simulation, the SoC values of the cells were 80%. At the end of simulation maximum values of SoC of Coulomb counting, Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) reached are 100%, 98.74%, and 98.46% respectively. After SoC Estimation, Cell balancing is also performed over 6 cells of the battery pack.

scholarly journals Lithium-Ion Battery Cell-Balancing Algorithm for Battery Management System Based on Real-Time Outlier Detection

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhao Piao ◽  
Zhaoguang Wang ◽  
Ju Cao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Sheng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Outlier Detection ◽  
Management System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Online Clustering ◽  
Cell Balancing

A novel cell-balancing algorithm which was used for cell balancing of battery management system (BMS) was proposed in this paper. Cell balancing algorithm is a key technology for lithium-ion battery pack in the electric vehicle field. The distance-based outlier detection algorithm adopted two characteristic parameters (voltage and state of charge) to calculate each cell’s abnormal value and then identified the unbalanced cells. The abnormal and normal type of battery cells were acquired by online clustering strategy and bleeding circuits (R= 33 ohm) were used to balance the abnormal cells. The simulation results showed that with the proposed balancing algorithm, the usable capacity of the battery pack increased by 0.614 Ah (9.5%) compared to that without balancing.

scholarly journals Battery management system implementation with the passive control method using MOSFET as a load

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Kıvrak ◽  
Tolga Özer ◽  
Yüksel Oğuz ◽  
Emre Burak Erken
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Passive Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Digital To Analog Converter ◽  
Battery Cells

In this study, a battery management system was implemented using the passive charge balancing method. The battery system was created with lithium ion battery cells commonly used in electric vehicles. Two main microprocessors were used as a master and slave for the management system. An STM32f103C8 microcontroller was used as a master, and a PIC18f4520 microcontroller was used as slave control units in the battery management system. Charge control of a battery pack consisting of four cells was performed. The information received from the current and voltage sensors was collected from each cell using a slave controller and sent smoothly to the master controller system. These experimental results indicated that the passive balancing method was implemented and the battery cells were charged successfully. The proposed method was applied to battery pack consisting of a four-cell LiFePO4 battery with a capacity of 40 Ah. This work incorporated original situation that have not been realized before. A digital to analog converter circuit was created using a buck converter topology. Thus, the MOSFET was used as an adjustable resistance. Also, it was one of the first studies in which the MOSFET was used as a regulated resistor in battery management systems.

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