scholarly journals Rethinking the Historical Development of Caribbean Performance Culture from an Afro-Iberian Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Jeroen Dewulf
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Performance Culture ◽  
Caribbean Culture ◽  
Performance Traditions ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Religious Elements

Abstract This article advocates for a new perspective on Caribbean performance traditions by adopting an Afro-Iberian perspective. It argues that we are able to acquire a better understanding of the historical development of some of the most enigmatic Caribbean performances, including Jankunu, by taking into consideration that many of those who built the foundations of Afro-Caribbean culture had already adopted cultural and religious elements rooted in Iberian traditions before their arrival in the Americas. A comparative analysis demonstrates a series of parallels between early witness accounts of Jankunu and Iberian calenda traditions. In order to explain this, the article points to Iberian dominance in the early-modern Atlantic and, in particular, Portuguese influences in Africa. It highlights the importance of confraternities and argues that it was in the context of African variants of these mutual-aid and burial societies that elements rooted in Iberian traditions entered Afro-Caribbean culture.

A Comparative Analysis of Two Qualitative Methods: Deciding Between Grounded Theory and Phenomenology for Your Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Masoodi Marjan
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Applied Approach ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Research Students

Abstract The purpose of this article is to compare two qualitative approaches that can be used in different researches: phenomenology and grounded theory. This overview is done to (1) summarize similarities and differences between these two approaches, with attention to their historical development, goals, methods, audience, and products (2) familiarize the researchers with the origins and details of these approaches in the way that they can make better matches between their research question(s) and the goals and products of the study (3) discuss a brief outline of each methodology along with their origin, essence and procedural steps undertaken (4) illustrate how the procedures of data analysis (coding), theoretical memoing and sampling are applied to systematically generate a grounded theory (5) briefly examine the major challenges for utilizing two approaches in grounded theory, the Glaserian and Straussian. As a conclusion, this overview reveals that it is essential to ensure that the method matches the research question being asked, helps the researchers determine the suitability of their applied approach and provides a continues training for the novice researchers, especially PhD or research students who lack solid knowledge and background experience in multiple research methods.

Rembrandt, Vermeer, and the Gift in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Art

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zell
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Gift Exchange ◽  
Gift Giving ◽  
Dutch Art ◽  
Dutch Golden Age ◽  
Symbolic Economy ◽  
The Gift ◽  
New Perspective

This book offers a new perspective on the art of the Dutch Golden Age by exploring the interaction between the gift's symbolic economy of reciprocity and obligation and the artistic culture of early modern Holland. Gifts of art were pervasive in seventeenth-century Europe and many Dutch artists, like their counterparts elsewhere, embraced gift giving to cultivate relations with patrons, art lovers, and other members of their social networks. Rembrandt also created distinctive works to function within a context of gift exchange, and both Rembrandt and Vermeer engaged the ethics of the gift to identify their creative labor as motivated by what contemporaries called a love of art

Revenue Farming Reconsidered: Tenurial Rights and Tenurial Duties in Early Modern India, ca. 1556-1818

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 878-919
Author(s):  
Sudev Sheth
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
State Control ◽  
Weak State ◽  
Indian History ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe meaning of land revenue farming in Indian history has eluded consensus. Some view it as an administrative aberration indicating weak state control, while others see it as a strategy for consolidating authority. This essay traces the historical development ofiqṭāʻandijārah, two Perso-Arabic terms frequently translated from the sources as ‘revenue farming estate’. I then suggest that existing perspectives do not capture the broader structure and significance of various entitlements to land revenue. Instead, I suggest that entitlements be schematized according to how regularized the right was, whether it was permanent, and how duty-bound the right holder was. In this formulation, revenue farm refers to a complex of rights and duties secured by contract in which a sovereign transferred the temporary exploitation of a holding for rent in advance. It was one of four tenurial complexes under which entitlements fell, the others being estates from bureaucratic assignment, hereditary occupation or possession by grant/gift, and tributary or chieftaincy.

Basil of Caesarea’s Authorship of Epistle 361 and His Relationship with the Homoiousians Reconsidered

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-70
Author(s):  
Dragoş Andrei Giulea
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Individual Substance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mature Period ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Eusebius Of Caesarea

Abstract A comparative analysis of Ep. 361 and Eun. 1.19 in terms of language and ideas will offer a renewed confirmation (on internal grounds) of Basil of Caesarea’s authorship of Ep. 361 and a new perspective on Basil’s relationship with the Homoiousians. In addition, the article will also retrace the steps and revisit the purpose of Basil’s argument. Thus we discover in the early Basil an author simultaneously receptive to both Homoiousian and pro-Nicene visions, but leaning towards an improved Homoiousian solution. The article further investigates Basil’s vision of ousia in Ep. 361 and finds that—unlike in his later, mature, period—the early Basil shares with the Homoiousians and Eusebius of Caesarea two doctrinal elements, namely the understanding of ousia as individual substance and an associated theology of “likeness”. He inherits this view from a tradition originating in the third century, which received its official confirmation at the council of Antioch in 268. This vision is also present in the first part of Basil’s Contra Eunomium. Instead of considering Basil as a Homoiousian, one may see him, together with Eusebius and the Homoiousians, as a representative of the Antiochene legacy.

Bild-Symbol, Geometrie und Methode: Philosophische Implikationen der frühneuzeitlichen Textillustration

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 73-101
Author(s):  
Thomas Leinkauf
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Geometric Representation ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Three Stages

This article tries to point out that in the early modern period, including the Renaissance, philosophy increasingly developed a certain kind of thinking and arguing that needed to be sustained by ›icons‹, ›pictures‹ or ›signs‹. Following a suggestion made by Stephen Clucas in inviting a group of scholars to discuss the topos of ›silent languages‹ at Birbeck College (University of London), this paper discusses 1. a general possible meaning of ›silent language‹, divided into three modes of symbolic and geometric representation, and introducing 2. three ›stages‹ in the historical development of philosophical systems representing these three modes: Plotinus, Cusanus, the philosophy of the 16th and 17th century.

scholarly journals The Engagement of Academic Institutions in Community Disaster Response: A Comparative Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (6_suppl4) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. Dunlop ◽  
Kristi M. Logue ◽  
Alexander P. Isakov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Incident Command

Objective. Using comparative analysis, we examined the factors that influence the engagement of academic institutions in community disaster response. Methods. We identified colleges and universities located in counties affected by four Federal Emergency Management Agency-declared disasters (Kentucky ice storms, Hurricanes Ike and Gustav, California wildfires, and the Columbia space shuttle disintegration) and performed key informant interviews with officials from public health, emergency management, and academic institutions in those counties. We used a comparative case study approach to explore particular resources provided by academic institutions, processes for engagement, and reasons for engagement or lack thereof in the community disaster response. Results. Academic institutions contribute a broad range of resources to community disaster response. Their involvement and the extent of their engagement is variable and influenced by ( 1) their resources, ( 2) preexisting relationships with public health and emergency management organizations, ( 3) the structure and organizational placement of the school's disaster planning and response office, and ( 4) perceptions of liability and lines of authority. Facilitators of engagement include ( 1) the availability of faculty expertise or special training programs, ( 2) academic staff presence on public health and emergency management planning boards, ( 3) faculty contracts and student practica, ( 4) incident command system or emergency operations training of academic staff, and ( 5) the existence of mutual aid or memoranda of agreements. Conclusion. While a range of relationships exist between academic institutions that engage with public health and emergency management agencies in community disaster response, recurrent win-win themes include co-appointed faculty and staff; field experience opportunities for students; and shared planning and training for academic, public health, and emergency management personnel.

scholarly journals CONCEPT INTERPRETATION FIELD AS A CONDUCTOR BETWEEN CONCEPT UNIVERSALITY AND ITS LINGVOCULTURAL SPECIFICITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
Nataliia Popova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
World View ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Concept Image ◽  
Collective Consciousness ◽  
Cognitive Characteristics ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
The Everyday

The article is devoted to the study of the mechanisms of universal concepts transformation into linguocultural mental units, a significant place among which belongs to the concept interpretive field which is defined as a series of cognitive characteristics interpreting the concept image and its notional content during its personal or collective consciousness practical comprehension. Changes within the prototype core and the conceptual field, arising due to the expansion of concept interpretation field during its historical development, have been analyzed in the research. Due to the semantic-cognitive and comparative analysis, changes within the interpretive field of the Spanish concepts CABALLERO, BANDERA and MACHO have been determined. It was clarified that the expansion of the interpretation field is accompanied by the modification of concept notional, associative and axiological components under the influence of social, historical, psychological and emotional peculiarities of the Spaniards. These modifications are reflected in the evaluative, conceptual, paremiological, utilitarian and regulatory zones of the concept interpretative field. It is established that the acquisition of the linguistic-cultural specificity by a universal concept occurs during its transition from the philosophical, religious or state-ideological type of consciousness to the everyday-life one, where the concept is rethought by the Spaniards in accordance with their world view and life realities. The boundaries of the concept interpretation field are expanded by its intellectual reflection under the influence of the people’s historical memory and revealed in literary works, music, painting and cinematography.

scholarly journals ON THE QUESTION OF ADJECTIVE QUALITY DEGREES IN THE UDMURT AND CHUVASH LANGUAGES

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-598
Author(s):  
Dmitry Anatolyevich Efremov ◽  
Soma Selmeczy
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Positive Degree ◽  
Special Means

The Udmurt and Chuvash languages do not belong to the same family, however, when it comes to morphological categorisation, they are both classified as agglutinative. As a result of the historical development of the Udmurt and the Chuvash peoples, i.e. due to their long dwelling within the same geographical region, the Volga-Kama Sprachbund was formed, which also includes the Mari, Tatar and Bashkir languages. In these five languages typologically similar points are manifested on different linguistic levels, including morphology. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the degrees of comparison of the adjective in the Udmurt and Chuvash languages and hypothesise that the category of degrees of quality may be present in the Chuvash language. In Udmurt, along with degrees of comparison, adjective quality levels are also distinguished, which include three degrees: positive, moderative, and intensive. Semantically this category lacks the notion of comparison, instead it indicates the presence of a quality or feature of an object (or person) to a certain extent; positive expresses a neutral degree of quality. There are no special means for the formation of this word form, just as in the case with a positive degree of comparison, the grammatical indicator is the zero morpheme. The moderative expresses the incompleteness of quality, or its insufficiency; formed morphologically in Udmurt, using affixes -мыт, -алэс ( -ялэс ) , -пыр(ъем), -гес ( -гем ). The intensive shows the presence of the feature in a concentrated form, its prevalence; The highest degree of quality can be formed in two ways: analytically (using amplifier words) and synthetically (by reduplication of the adjective). In the Chuvash language, a completely identical situation is manifested: linguists note the presence of forms expressing quality, the notion of the attribute being incomplete or intensified, however, there are no opinions that a category of degrees of quality that is different from the degree of comparison would exist.

scholarly journals Γενετικά τροποποιημένες καλλιέργειες εναντίον βιοποικιλότητας; Επιστημονικές και φιλοσοφικές προκλήσεις

Bioethica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Κωνσταντίνα Π. Μυλωνά - Γιαννακάκου (Konstantina Mylona-Giannakakou)
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Agricultural Biotechnology ◽  
Natural Order ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
The People ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Moral Choices

Regarding the issue of balance between environmental sustainability and the inherent ecological interventions of agricultural biotechnology, multiannual studies substantiate that loss of biodiversity, due to the use of GM crops, is globally less important than several other practices. Thus, what explains this diametrically extreme confrontation, from part of the scientific community? I presume, that the controversy is a philosophical one, and is expressed mainly by two contrasting materialistic approaches; the so called reductionist (or molecularist) view and the opposing holistic (or organismic) view, both of which, in their comparative analysis, prove, in my view, their incapability in definitely resolving such dilemmas.The first, as an anthropocentric approach, seems unsuccessful in building any concept of ecosystem integrity on the basis of moral duty while the second, as a biocentric approach, does not take into consideration the effects in human populations, and provides limited guidance with respect to the environments in which agriculture has already replaced the natural order. Norton’s concept provides a new perspective, since it recognizes the human duty to conduct agriculture, in a manner that supports survival for the people on this planet, while simultaneously it maintains the ecological dynamics that sustain life. Based on Norton’s “weak anthropocentrism”, we can be easily led to the “convergence” of policies, through a “contextualized” hierarchy of moral choices for the issues of agricultural biotechnology.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the works published in periodicals and as part of the books, with major texts of A. E. Kulakovsky

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Pavlovich Nogovitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Unpublished Works

This article examines the works of A. E. Kulakovsky based on theoretical positions of D. S. Likhachev and practical data from commentaries to the volume II of A. E. Kulakovsky (author P. V. Maksimov), as well as conducts comparative analysis of the early versions with major texts of A. E. Kulakovsky. The subject of this research is the comparative analysis of A. E. Kulakovsky's early publications with major texts. The goal consists in determination and description of the authorial editing and revisions, which allows substantiating their motives for, as well as tracing the evolution of author’s thought. The discrepancies between the texts of early period and major text are viewed as improvements: addition of lines, substitution of separate words, rearrangement lines and stanzas. The novelty of this study consists in substantiation of early publications of A. E. Kulakovsky and lifetime edition as the subject of textological research. From this perspective, early publications of the works of A. E. Kulakovsky's are attributed to as research materials of cross-disciplinary nature: as the testimonies of the stage of establishment of Yakut literature as a whole, and as the variants of writer's major texts that reveal the history of his works in particular. The relevance is defined by the fact that special textological studies of poet’s separate works, including profound examination of historiographical part of his literary heritage, are currently of special significance. Over the past decade, a sizeable corpus of new documents related to A. E. Kulakovsky’s biography, including the unpublished works and scientific writings, has been revealed; this gives a new perspective on the already familiar materials in the context of analysis of his evolution as a writer and the history of publication of his works in the XX century.

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