Crossing the Mediterranean Sea: EU Migration Policies and Human Rights

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-129
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
The Mediterranean

The European Court of Human Rights: Hirsi Jamaa et al. v. Italy

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hessbruegge
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Undocumented Migrants ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
High Seas

Between 2007 and 2009, Italy and Libya (then under the rule of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi) concluded several agreements to combat clandestine immigration. Pursuant to these agreements, Italy instated a policy of sending undocumented migrants and asylum seekers who had crossed the Mediterranean Sea from Africa back to Libya. In a number of cases, boats were intercepted on the high seas, and those on board sent back to Libya without a prior individualized assessment of their situation and protection needs. The present judgment concerns one such ‘‘push back operation’’ during which Italy intercepted a group of Somali and Eritrean nationals on the high seas, took them back to Tripoli, and handed them over to the Libyan authorities.

Aeromonas dhakensis pneumonia and sepsis in a neonate Risso’s dolphin Grampus griseus from the Mediterranean Sea

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Pérez ◽  
ML Abarca ◽  
F Latif-Eugenín ◽  
R Beaz-Hidalgo ◽  
MJ Figueras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Grampus Griseus ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Risso's Dolphin

Dolphin Morbillivirus in the Mediterranean Sea

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Di Guardo
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Dolphin Morbillivirus ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Mediterranean Action Plan: A Regional Approach to Pollution Control

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Lj Jeftié ◽  
L. J. Saliba
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
And Control

Increasing concern over the deterioration of the Mediterranean sea as a result of increasing pollution by untreated sewage and industrial wastes, agricultural pesticides and fertilizers and oil discharges, led to a series of meetings between 1970 and 1974, and finally to the UNEP-sponsored Mediterranean Action Plan, adopted by governments of the region in 1975 and ongoing since that time. The legal component of the Plan includes a framework Convention and four protocols; the environmental assessment component (the MED POL programme) consists of national pollution monitoring programmes, and research projects conducted by Mediterranean institutions; the environmental management component consists of the Blue Plan (a prospective study combining socio-economic development with environmental preservation) and the Priority Actions Programme (a series of sub-region sectoral projects in defined areas). The Plan has been financed by Mediterranean States since 1979, and is managed by UNEP with the cooperation of other competent UN Agencies. During the last ten years, activities undertaken have improved knowledge of the state of pollution of the Mediterranean sea, and facilitated joint regional action in the form of preventive and control measures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document