Description of tadpoles of the frogs Heterixalus tricolor, H. carbonei and H. luteostriatus (Anura: Hyperoliidae) from western Madagascar

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4767 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-344
Author(s):  
STINE GRIEP ◽  
JULIAN GLOS
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Body Form ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Tree Frogs ◽  
Eleven Species

The genus Heterixalus is endemic to Madagascar. It contains eleven species of small to medium-sized tree frogs that typically inhabit open areas like swamps and rice fields. We describe the larval stages of three sympatric species that occur in western Madagascar: H. tricolor, H. carbonei, and H. luteostriatus. Similar to other species of this genus, the tadpoles of these species have a depressed, ovoid body-form and a generalized oral disc. The labial tooth row formula is 1/3(1). Examined phenotypes differed marginally between species. Compared to H. tricolor and H. carbonei, H. luteostriatus showed fewer cusps on the fork-like labial teeth, a lower ventral fin, and a shorter tail. The high morphological resemblance implicates an ecological similarity between species. Highly overlapping niches raise questions on how species co-occur. 

The complete description of larval stages of the lobster shrimpLeonardsaxius amurensis(Kobjakova, 1937) (Decapoda: Axiidea: Axiidae) identified by DNA barcoding

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1435-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena S. Kornienko ◽  
Darya D. Golubinskaya ◽  
Olga M. Korn ◽  
Svetlana N. Sharina
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
First Time

The complete larval development of the lobster shrimpLeonardsaxius amurensis(Kobjakova, 1937) (Decapoda: Axiidea: Axiidae) is described and illustrated for the first time. The first zoeae of this species were collected from the plankton samples and reared in the laboratory before moulting to the megalopa. A molecular genetic analysis based on comparison of partial mitochondrial COI, 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA sequence data confirmed the identity of axiid larvae found in the plankton andL. amurensisadults collected in the same area. The larval development ofL. amurensisincludes five zoeal stages and a single megalopa. Zoeae I ofL. amurensisare characterized by the presence of one short posterodorsal spine on the fifth pleonite in contrast to the larvae of related sympatric speciesBoasaxius princepshaving four posterodorsal spines on the pleonites 2–5.Leonardsaxius amurensisoccupies an intermediate position between lobster shrimps with abbreviated pelagic development (2–3 zoeal stages) and species with long development (up to eight zoeal stages). Thus, the number of zoeal stages in the family Axiidae varies widely, similarly to that in the families Callianassidae and Upogebiidae.

Comparative Aspects of Diet and Habitat in some New Caledonian Lizards

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Bauer ◽  
Kathleen D. De Vaney
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Large Prey ◽  
Habitat Differences ◽  
Diel Activity Patterns ◽  
Important Food Source ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Eleven Species

AbstractNo comparative ecological studies have previously been conducted on the lizards of New Caledonia. This study examines two parameters of resource partitioning-diet and microhabitat, for eleven species of native lizards (Gekkonidae and Scincidae). Differences in diel activity patterns and coarse habitat differences tend to segregate geckos from skinks. Microhabitat and dietary differences were found among four sympatric species in a forest assemblage at Mt. Koyaboa, but retreat sites and some food resources were employed by all. Rock piles and crevices are important retreats for all the forest species studied and are a crude predictor of lizard abundance. Crickets and terrestrial isopods are the most important items in the diet of the predominant gecko Bavayia sauvagii. Though generally considered arboreal, this lizard is frequently active on the ground as well. Ants are an important food source of the forest skink Leiolopisma tricolor, whereas the ubiquitous ground skink Leiolopisma austrocaledonicum eats a wide variety of prey, with smaller individuals selectively taking smaller prey. Larger individuals consume feew large prey items but these may be of great energetic importance.

Description of tadpoles of five frog species in the subgenus Brygoomantis from Madagascar (Mantellidae: Mantidactylus)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1988 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
HEIKE SCHMIDT ◽  
AXEL STRAUß ◽  
FRANK GLAW ◽  
MEIKE TESCHKE ◽  
MIGUEL VENCES
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Frog Species

We describe the larval stages of five frog species classified in the Madagascan subgenus Brygoomantis of the genus Mantidactylus, which were identified by DNA barcoding: Mantidactylus alutus, Mantidactylus curtus, and three taxonomically undescribed species here named Mantidactylus sp. aff. biporus "Ranomafana", M. sp. aff. biporus "Marojejy", and M. sp. aff. curtus "Ankaratra". The larvae of M. alutus, and of M. sp. aff. curtus "Ankaratra", had been described before, and we confirm and complement the previous studies. Our data confirm that Brygoomantis tadpoles are benthic, of a rather generalized body shape and oral disc morphology. All species for which tadpoles are known so far have a large dorsal gap of marginal papillae, a labial tooth row formula of 3-5 rows on the anterior labium of which only the first is continuous and the others have distinct medial gaps, and three rows of labial teeth on the posterior labium of which the first usually has a very small medial gap which however can sometimes be undetectable. Total number of marginal and submarginal papillae ranges from 50 to 103 and density of labial teeth (on the second upper row) from 19 to 76 per mm.

Descriptions of the tadpoles of two species of Gephyromantis, with a discussion of the phylogenetic origin of direct development in mantellid frogs

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1401 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROGER-DANIEL RANDRIANIAINA ◽  
FRANK GLAW ◽  
MEIKE THOMAS ◽  
JULIAN GLOS ◽  
NOROMALALA RAMINOSOA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Direct Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Origin

We describe the larval stages of two Malagasy frog species of the genus Gephyromantis, based on specimens identified by DNA barcoding. The tadpoles of Gephyromantis ambohitra are generalized stream-living Orton type IV type larvae with two lateral small constrictions of the body wall at the plane of spiracle. Gephyromantis pseudoasper tadpoles are characterized by totally keratinised jaw sheaths with hypertrophied indentation, a reduced number of labial tooth rows, enlarged papillae on the oral disc, and a yellowish coloration of the tip of the tail in life. The morphology of the tadpole of G. pseudoasper agrees with that of G. corvus, supporting the current placement of these two species in a subgenus Phylacomantis, and suggesting that the larvae of G. pseudoasper may also have carnivorous habits as known in G. corvus. Identifying the tadpole of Gephyromantis ambohitra challenges current assumptions of the evolution of different developmental modes in Gephyromantis, since this species is thought to be related to G. asper, a species of supposedly endotrophic direct development.

Digital Microstructure in Ecologically Diverse Sympatric Microhylid Frogs, Genera Cophixalus and Sphenophryne (Amphibia, Anura), From Papua-New-Guinea

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
DM Green ◽  
MP Simon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Tree Frogs ◽  
Evolutionary Lineages

The extent of development of digital adhesive toe-pads in sympatric species of microhylid frogs, Cophixalus and Sphenophryne, correlates with the degree of arboreality exhibited by the species. The same basic structures and cell types are found in the toe-pads of these microhylid frogs as are found in other arboreal and semi- arboreal frogs of many diverse evolutionary lineages. A variety of types of cell surface, with unknown functional significance but potential systematic use, are found on the feet of these frogs. Allometric increase in adhesive-pad area in larger species is by widening of the toe-pad, as opposed to acquisition of accessory pads as in some hylid tree frogs.

On the genus Holophryxus (Isopoda: Epicaridea), with description of the male and redescription of the female of Holophryxus acanthephyrae

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Jones ◽  
G. Smaldon
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Definitive Host ◽  
Final Host ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Body Form ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

INTRODUCTIONAdults of the isopod genus Holophryxus (Dajidae) occur as ectoparasites on natant decapod crustaceans, but little is known of the ecology and life-history of most species. Species of Holophryxus are thought to have a typical dajid life cycle involving an intermediate host (copepod), a definitive host (prawn) and three larval stages (epicaridium, microniscus, cryptoniscus), and the one species for which details are available fits this pattern (Coyle & Mueller, 1981). The final host is infected by the cryptoniscus, a stage superficially resembling a cirolanid isopod, and the first cryptoniscus to settle loses its isopod-like appearance and develops through a juvenile stage into a rather inflated, highly modified female (Coyle & Mueller, 1981). Any subsequent settler becomes a male, retains the small cryptoniscus body form and lives within the marsupium of the female.

scholarly journals Dryas iulia (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) larval preference and performance on four sympatric Passiflora hosts

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Arantes-Garcia ◽  
Renata A. Maia ◽  
Patrícia Valadão ◽  
Yumi Oki ◽  
Geraldo Wlson Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Leaf Consumption ◽  
And Performance

Host plant quality is determinant for herbivorous insects performance and survival. While on larval stages, insects select their host plants based on factors such as leaf nitrogen and water content, digestibility, and defences. Of great interest is the coevolutionary relationship between the Heliconiini insects and the Passiflora plants. In this study we experimentally evaluated Dryas iulia (Nymphalidae) larval preference to four sympatric Passiflora (Passifloraceae) and subsequently, the larval performance on the two most consumed species. We tested the hypothesis that D. iulia larvae prefer the Passiflora species with higher nutritional quality and lower defence, which supports the greatest larval performance. Dryas iulia larvae preferred P. misera (60.5% leaf consumption) over P. pohlii (28.9%), P. suberosa (15.5%), and P. edulis (not consumed). Passiflora misera presented the highest N concentration, third in water content, second in tector trichomes, and no glandular trichomes (only P. suberosa did). Nitrogen best explained D. iulia larvae leaf consumption; which further explains the greatest larval performance in P. misera than in P. suberosa: i.e. higher survival (23.1%), conversion efficiency of ingested food (32.8%), relative growth rate (14.8%), heavier pupae (15.2%), and lower relative consumption rate (13.8%). This study creates the opportunity to further investigate the Heliconiini-Passiflora system and showed that D. iulia larvae can assess and choose the host plant (even among sympatric species) that supports the greatest performance.

Morphometrics of two sympatric species of tree frogs in Korea: a morphological key for the critically endangeredHyla suweonensisin relation toH. japonica

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaёl Borzée ◽  
Soyeon Park ◽  
Ahbin Kim ◽  
Hyun-Tae Kim ◽  
Yikweon Jang
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Tree Frogs

Descriptions of the tadpoles of two species of Gephyromantis, with a discussion of the phylogenetic origin of direct development in mantellid frogs

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1401 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROGER-DANIEL RANDRIANIAINA ◽  
FRANK GLAW ◽  
MEIKE THOMAS ◽  
JULIAN GLOS ◽  
NOROMALALA RAMINOSOA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Direct Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Origin

We describe the larval stages of two Malagasy frog species of the genus Gephyromantis, based on specimens identified by DNA barcoding. The tadpoles of Gephyromantis ambohitra are generalized stream-living Orton type IV type larvae with two lateral small constrictions of the body wall at the plane of spiracle. Gephyromantis pseudoasper tadpoles are characterized by totally keratinised jaw sheaths with hypertrophied indentation, a reduced number of labial tooth rows, enlarged papillae on the oral disc, and a yellowish coloration of the tip of the tail in life. The morphology of the tadpole of G. pseudoasper agrees with that of G. corvus, supporting the current placement of these two species in a subgenus Phylacomantis, and suggesting that the larvae of G. pseudoasper may also have carnivorous habits as known in G. corvus. Identifying the tadpole of Gephyromantis ambohitra challenges current assumptions of the evolution of different developmental modes in Gephyromantis, since this species is thought to be related to G. asper, a species of supposedly endotrophic direct development.

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