scholarly journals Long-Term Sea Surface Temperature Variability along the U.S. East Coast

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1004-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kipp Shearman ◽  
Steven J. Lentz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Coastal Ocean ◽  
Temperature Trend ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Cape Hatteras

Abstract Sea surface temperature variations along the entire U.S. East Coast from 1875 to 2007 are characterized using a collection of historical observations from lighthouses and lightships combined with recent buoy and shore-based measurements. Long-term coastal temperature trends are warming in the Gulf of Maine [1.0° ± 0.3°C (100 yr)−1] and Middle Atlantic Bight [0.7° ± 0.3°C (100 yr)−1], whereas trends are weakly cooling or not significant in the South Atlantic Bight [−0.1° ± 0.3°C (100 yr)−1] and off Florida [−0.3° ± 0.2°C (100 yr)−1]. Over the last century, temperatures along the northeastern U.S. coast have warmed at a rate 1.8–2.5 times the regional atmospheric temperature trend but are comparable to warming rates for the Arctic and Labrador, the source of coastal ocean waters north of Cape Hatteras (36°N). South of Cape Hatteras, coastal ocean temperature trends match the regional atmospheric temperature trend. The observations and a simple model show that along-shelf transport, associated with the mean coastal current system running from Labrador to Cape Hatteras, is the mechanism controlling long-term temperature changes for this region and not the local air–sea exchange of heat.

Long-Term Variations of the Sea Surface Temperature in the East Coast of Korea

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Woo Kim ◽  
◽  
Jin-Wook Im ◽  
Byung-Sun Yoon ◽  
Hee-Dong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Long Term Variations

scholarly journals Observations of positive sea surface temperature trends in the steadily shrinking Dead Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3007-3018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kishcha ◽  
Rachel T. Pinker ◽  
Isaac Gertman ◽  
Boris Starobinets ◽  
Pinhas Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Positive Feedback Loop ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
The Dead

Abstract. Increasing warming of steadily shrinking Dead Sea surface water compensates for surface water cooling (due to increasing evaporation) and even causes observed positive Dead Sea sea surface temperature trends. This warming is caused by two factors: increasing daytime heat flow from land to sea (as a result of the steady shrinking) and regional atmospheric warming. Using observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), positive trends were detected in both daytime and nighttime Dead Sea sea surface temperature (SST) over the period of 2000–2016. These positive SST trends were observed in the absence of positive trends in surface solar radiation, measured by the Dead Sea buoy pyranometer. We also show that long-term changes in water mixing in the uppermost layer of the Dead Sea under strong winds could not explain the observed SST trends. There is a positive feedback loop between the positive SST trends and the steady shrinking of the Dead Sea, which contributes to the accelerating decrease in Dead Sea water levels during the period under study. Satellite-based SST measurements showed that maximal SST trends of over 0.8 ∘C decade−1 were observed over the northwestern and southern sides of the Dead Sea, where shrinking of the Dead Sea water area was pronounced. No noticeable SST trends were observed over the eastern side of the lake, where shrinking of the Dead Sea water area was insignificant. This finding demonstrates correspondence between the positive SST trends and the shrinking of the Dead Sea indicating a causal link between them. There are two opposite processes taking place in the Dead Sea: sea surface warming and cooling. On the one hand, the positive feedback loop leading to sea surface warming every year accompanied by long-term increase in SST; on the other hand, the measured acceleration of the Dead Sea water-level drop suggests a long-term increase in Dead Sea evaporation accompanied by a long-term decrease in SST. During the period under investigation, the total result of these two opposite processes is the statistically significant positive sea surface temperature trends in both daytime (0.6 ∘C decade−1) and nighttime (0.4 ∘C decade−1), observed by the MODIS instrument. Our findings of the existence of a positive feedback loop between the positive SST trends and the shrinking of the Dead Sea imply the following significant point: any meteorological, hydrological or geophysical process causing the steady shrinking of the Dead Sea will contribute to positive trends in SST. Our results shed light on continuing hazards to the Dead Sea.

scholarly journals Observations of positive sea surface temperature trends in the steadily shrinking Dead Sea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kishcha ◽  
Rachel T. Pinker ◽  
Isaac Gertman ◽  
Boris Starobinets ◽  
Pinhas Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Warming ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
The Dead

Abstract. The steadily shrinking Dead Sea followed by sea surface warming compensates surface water cooling due to increasing evaporation, and even causes the observed positive Dead Sea surface temperature trends. Using observations from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), positive trends were detected in both daytime (0.06 °C year−1) and nighttime (0.04 °C year−1) Dead Sea surface temperature (SST) over the period of 2000–2016. These positive SST trends were observed in the absence of positive trends in surface solar radiation measured by the Dead Sea buoy pyranometer. Neither changes in water mixing in the Dead Sea nor changes in evaporation could explain surface temperature trends. There is a positive feedback loop between the shrinking of the Dead Sea and positive SST trends, which leads to the accelerating decrease in Dead Sea water levels during the period under study. Note that there are two opposite processes based on available measurements: on the one hand, the measured accelerating rate of Dead Sea water levels suggests a long-term increase in Dead Sea evaporation which is expected to be accompanied by a long-term decrease in sea surface temperature. On the other hand, the positive feedback loop leads to the observed shrinking of the Dead Sea area followed by sea surface warming year on year. The total result of these two opposite processes is the statistically significant positive sea surface temperature trends in both daytime (0.06 °C year−1) and nighttime (0.04 °C year−1) during the period under investigation, observed by the MODIS instrument. Our results shed light on the continuing hazard to the Dead Sea and possible disappearance of this unique site.

Spatial and Seasonal Variability of Long-Term Sea Surface Temperature Trends in Aegean and Levantine Basins

2021 ◽  
Vol 178 (9) ◽  
pp. 3769-3791
Author(s):  
Fevziye Ayça Saraçoğlu ◽  
Burak Aydoğan ◽  
Berna Ayat ◽  
Kebir Emre Saraçoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Temperature Trends

scholarly journals Long term trends in the sea surface temperature of the Black Sea

Ocean Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. I. Shapiro ◽  
D. L. Aleynik ◽  
L. D. Mee
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Sst Variability ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Cooling Trend

Abstract. There is growing understanding that recent deterioration of the Black Sea ecosystem was partly due to changes in the marine physical environment. This study uses high resolution 0.25° climatology to analyze sea surface temperature variability over the 20th century in two contrasting regions of the sea. Results show that the deep Black Sea was cooling during the first three quarters of the century and was warming in the last 15–20 years; on aggregate there was a statistically significant cooling trend. The SST variability over the Western shelf was more volatile and it does not show statistically significant trends. The cooling of the deep Black Sea is at variance with the general trend in the North Atlantic and may be related to the decrease of westerly winds over the Black Sea, and a greater influence of the Siberian anticyclone. The timing of the changeover from cooling to warming coincides with the regime shift in the Black Sea ecosystem.

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