scholarly journals Weather-Related Hazards and Population Change

2016 ◽  
Vol 669 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Fussell ◽  
Sara R. Curran ◽  
Matthew D. Dunbar ◽  
Michael A. Babb ◽  
Luanne Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Tropical Storms ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Declining Populations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Past Population ◽  
Future Population ◽  
Future Population Growth

Environmental determinists predict that people move away from places experiencing frequent weather hazards, yet some of these areas have rapidly growing populations. This analysis examines the relationship between weather events and population change in all U.S. counties that experienced hurricanes and tropical storms between 1980 and 2012. Our database allows for more generalizable conclusions by accounting for heterogeneity in current and past hurricane events and losses and past population trends. We find that hurricanes and tropical storms affect future population growth only in counties with growing, high-density populations, which are only 2 percent of all counties. In those counties, current year hurricane events and related losses suppress future population growth, although cumulative hurricane-related losses actually elevate population growth. Low-density counties and counties with stable or declining populations experience no effect of these weather events. Our analysis provides a methodologically informed explanation for contradictory findings in prior studies.

Demographics

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Almgren ◽  
Ji Young Kang
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Children Of Immigrants ◽  
Household Structure ◽  
Population Composition ◽  
Social Demography ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Future Population

This entry provides a brief overview of the field of social demography, the components of population change, projections for future population growth, and recent transformations in population composition pertaining to age, race, and ethnicity. Trends that shape family household structure (for example, marriage, divorce, cohabitation, and nonmarital child bearing) are also considered, as are trends pertaining to the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty. Population trends given particular attention include the growth of class-based disparities in marriage and nonmarital child bearing, the contributions of immigration to population growth and diversity, and a disturbing increase over recent decades in the prevalence of poverty among children of immigrants.

Limitations to collared lemming population growth in winter

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1284-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Reid ◽  
C. J. Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Winter Population

We investigated the roles of ermine predation and temperature and snowfall regimes in limiting population growth of collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx kilangmiutak) at low densities (< 3/ha) in winters between 1987 and 1992 at Pearce Point, Northwest Territories, Canada. We estimated winter population growth, for four study populations, as the instantaneous weekly rate of population change from late August to early in the subsequent June. Population growth was not significantly related to the intensity of ermine predation, based on data from two winters. Variance in rates of growth among five winters was significantly explained by a combination of (i) cold intensity in autumn, i.e., the mean daily temperature in September and October, when lemmings change from summer to winter morphology, and (ii) the insulative potential of the snow, i.e., centimetre-days of snow cover per degree-day of frost from November through March, when lemmings potentially breed. Arvicoline winter nests were strongly associated with remnant snow in spring, indicating selection for areas with deepest snow. Low autumn temperatures and shallow winter snow appear to be strong limiting factors in winter, and may prolong the period of low density of Dicrostonyx populations.

scholarly journals Population Change and Income Inequality in Rural America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn L.W. Butler ◽  
Grace Wildermuth ◽  
Brian C. Thiede ◽  
David L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
The United States ◽  
County Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the effects of population growth and decline on county-level income inequality in the United States from 1980 to 2016. Findings from previous research have shown that income inequality is positively associated with population change, but these studies have not explicitly tested for differences between the impacts of population growth and decline. Understanding the implications of population dynamics is particularly important given that many rural areas are characterized by population decline. We analyze county-level data (n=15,375 county-decades) from the Decennial Census and American Community Survey (ACS), applying fixed effects models to estimate the respective effects of population growth and decline on income inequality, to identify the processes that mediate the links between population change and inequality, and to assess whether these effects are moderated by county-level economic and demographic characteristics. We find evidence that population decline is associated with increased levels of income inequality relative to counties experiencing stable and high rates of population growth. This relationship remains robust across a variety of model specifications, including models that account for changes in counties’ employment, sociodemographic, and ethnoracial composition. We also find that the relationship between income inequality and population change varies by metropolitan status, baseline level of inequality, and region.

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