Diet quality, dietary inflammatory index and body mass index as predictors of response to adjunctive N-acetylcysteine and mitochondrial agents in adults with bipolar disorder: A sub-study of a randomised placebo-controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie M Ashton ◽  
Olivia M Dean ◽  
Wolfgang Marx ◽  
Mohammadreza Mohebbi ◽  
Michael Berk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Predictors Of Response

Aims: We aimed to explore the relationships between diet quality, dietary inflammatory potential or body mass index and outcomes of a clinical trial of nutraceutical treatment for bipolar depression. Methods: This is a sub-study of a randomised controlled trial of participants with bipolar depression who provided dietary intake data ( n = 133). Participants received 16 weeks adjunctive treatment of either placebo or N-acetylcysteine-alone or a combination of mitochondrial-enhancing nutraceuticals including N-acetylcysteine (combination treatment). Participants were followed up 4 weeks post-treatment discontinuation (Week 20). Diet was assessed by the Cancer Council Victoria Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies, Version 2, converted into an Australian Recommended Food Score to measure diet quality, and energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index score to measure inflammatory potential of diet. Body mass index was also measured. Generalised estimating equation models were used to assess whether diet quality, energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index score and/or body mass index were predictors of response to significant outcomes of the primary trial: depression symptoms, clinician-rated improvement and functioning measures. Results: In participants taking combination treatment compared to placebo, change in depression scores was not predicted by Australian Recommended Food Score, dietary inflammatory index or body mass index scores. However, participants with better diet quality (Australian Recommended Food Score) reported reduced general depression and bipolar depression symptoms ( p = 0.01 and p = 0.03, respectively) and greater clinician-rated improvement ( p = 0.02) irrespective of treatment and time. Participants who had a more anti-inflammatory dietary inflammatory index had less impairment in functioning ( p = 0.01). Combination treatment may attenuate the adverse effects of pro-inflammatory diet ( p = 0.03) on functioning. Participants with lower body mass index who received combination treatment ( p = 0.02) or N-acetylcysteine ( p = 0.02) showed greater clinician-rated improvement. Conclusion: These data support a possible association between diet (quality and inflammatory potential), body mass index and response to treatment for bipolar depression in the context of a nutraceutical trial. The results should be interpreted cautiously because of limitations, including numerous null findings, modest sample size and being secondary analyses.

scholarly journals Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index Is Associated with Dietary Inflammatory Index and C-Reactive Protein Concentrations during Pregnancy

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayeon Shin ◽  
Junguk Hur ◽  
Eun-Hee Cho ◽  
Hae-Kyung Chung ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Reactive Protein

scholarly journals The IMAGINE Intervention: Impacting Physical Activity, Body Fat, Body Mass Index, and Dietary Inflammatory Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Bernhart ◽  
Gabrielle M. Turner-McGrievy ◽  
Michael D. Wirth ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
James R. Hébert
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Fat Body Mass

scholarly journals Children's Willingness to Try New Foods: Associations With Diet Quality and Body Mass Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 393-393
Author(s):  
Farah Behbehani ◽  
Kristen Hurley ◽  
Maureen M Black
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Childcare Centers ◽  
Novel Foods

Abstract Objectives To examine how children's willingness to try new foods (WTNF) is related to diet quality and body mass index. Methods Participants included children (n = 402), ages 3–5 y, recruited from childcare centers participating in baseline assessment of a randomized controlled trial to evaluate strategies to promote the development of healthy eating behaviors. Children's intake of fruit, vegetables, sweets, and salty snacks was measured through a short food frequency questionnaire administered to parents and a diet quality score (DQS) was generated. Children's height and weight were measured, and body mass index z-scores (BMIz) was calculate using CDC criteria. Children's WTNF was assessed by offering 6 novel and 3 familiar foods during a food tasting activity administered in the childcare center. Poisson regressions were used to examine the association between children's WTNF (dichotomized as high: tried ≥ 3 novel foods vs. low: tried < 3 novel foods) and children's weekly intake of each food group. An ordinal regression was used to examine the association between children's WTNF and DQS. Linear regressions were used to examine the association between children's WTNF and BMIz. All analyses were adjusted for child sex, age, race, and household income, parent BMI was also adjusted in models including child BMI. In all models, standard errors were adjusted for clustering within childcare centers, the unit of randomization. Results Children who demonstrated high WTNF consumed 1.24 (95% CI: 1.11–1.38) times more servings of vegetables per week, and had a 1.53 (95% CI: 1.03–2.26) greater odds of having a higher diet quality score compared to children who demonstrated low WTNF. Children's WTNF was not significantly associated with children's intake of fruits, salty snacks, or sweets, or related to their BMIz. Conclusions Diet quality is compromised by children's lower WTNF. Future studies are needed to investigate strategies that promote children's WTNF such as vegetables, and examine whether the relation between low willingness to try new foods and poor diet quality influences child weight outcomes prospectively across childhood. Funding Sources National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

Dietary inflammatory index in relation to obesity and body mass index: a meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 702-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Kord Varkaneh ◽  
Somaye Fatahi ◽  
Somaye Tajik ◽  
Jamal Rahmani ◽  
Meysam Zarezadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Dietary Assessment Methods ◽  
Mean Differences

Purpose Studies investigating the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and body mass index (BMI) have led to inconsistent findings. Therefore, to decisively conclude, this paper aims to clarify the relationship between DII and obesity by performing meta-analysis. Design/methodology/approach PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched up to July 2017 using key words selected from Medical Subject Headings and other related keywords to identify all relevant articles. In total, 22 articles were entered into the meta-analysis; 22 studies compared the mean of BMI among subjects with highest versus the lowest DII and 4 studies had data on the hazard risk (HR) or odds ratio (OR) for obesity. Findings A meta-analysis on included studies indicated a significant association on either mean differences (MD) in BMI (MD = 0.811; 95 per cent CI: 0.365-1.256; p: 0.0001) or obesity OR (OR: 1.310; 95 per cent CI: 1.144-1.500; p = 0.000) by comparing the highest and lowest DII categories. Between-study heterogeneity was high (Cochrane Q test, p < 0.001, I2 = 98.1 per cent, df = 21, τ2 = 0.9273), and only dietary assessment methods could explain the source of heterogeneity in which 24-h dietary recalls were homogeny (I2 = 8.4 per cent, df = 2, p = 0.335). Originality/value The results of the present meta-analysis suggest that adherence to high DII score increased BMI and obesity. More prospective studies in different populations are needed to better clarify this relation.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Variables as Mediators of the Association of Changes in Diet and Physical Activity With Inflammatory Profile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Cárdenas-Fuentes ◽  
Camille Lassale ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
María Grau ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Inflammatory Score ◽  
Inflammatory Profile

Abstract Background Mechanisms underlying the associations of high levels of physical activity (PA) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with a better inflammatory profile remain unclear. Our objective was to assess the mediating role of changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), as markers of body fat in the association of changes in PA and adherence to the MedDiet, with changes in the inflammatory profile. Method This study included 489 adults, aged 55–75 years, from the PREDIMED-Plus multicenter lifestyle intervention trial. An inflammatory score was calculated, based on 8 blood biomarkers: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, interleukin 18, monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1, C-peptide, leptin, and regulated on activation, normal T-cell–expressed and secreted chemokine. Biomarkers, levels of PA, score of MedDiet adherence, BMI, and WC were measured at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Linear regression models were fitted according to the Baron and Kenny framework for mediation analysis. Results Changes in BMI and WC mediated the association of both changes in PA and changes in the MedDiet adherence with the inflammatory score. Body mass index mediated 26% of the association of changes in total PA with the inflammatory profile, and 27% of the association of changes in the MedDiet, while WC mediated 13% and 12% of these associations, respectively. Conclusion In older adults at high cardiovascular risk, increasing PA levels and adherence to a MedDiet during 1 year were associated with a lower inflammatory score, which was partly mediated by a reduction in body fat. Clinical Trials Registration Number International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number: ISRCTN89898870; registration date July 24, 2014, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Predictors of Development of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Embolic Stroke Of Undetermined Source: An Analysis of the RE-SPECT ESUS Trial

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecilia Bahit ◽  
Ralph L. Sacco ◽  
J. Donald Easton ◽  
Juliane Meyerhoff ◽  
Lisa Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Embolic Stroke ◽  
Cardiac Monitoring

Background: A proportion of patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) have silent atrial fibrillation (AF) or develop AF after the initial evaluation. Better understanding of risk for development of AF is critical to implement optimal monitoring strategies with the goal of preventing recurrent stroke due to underlying AF. The RE-SPECT ESUS trial provides an opportunity to assess predictors for developing AF and associated recurrent stroke. Methods: RE-SPECT ESUS was a randomized, controlled trial (564 sites, 42 countries) assessing dabigatran versus aspirin for the prevention of recurrent stroke in patients with ESUS. Of 5390 patients enrolled and followed for a median of 19 months, 403 (7.5%) were found to develop AF reported as an adverse event or using cardiac monitoring per standard clinical care. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were performed to define predictors of AF. Results: In the multivariable model, older age (odds ratio [OR] for 10-year increase 1.99 [1.78-2.23]; P<0.001), hypertension (1.36 [1.03-1.79]; P=0.0304), diabetes (OR 0.74 [0.56-0.96]; P=0.022), and body mass index (OR for 5-unit increase 1.29 [1.16-1.43]; P<0.001) were independent predictors of AF during the study. In a sensitivity analysis restricted to 1117 patients with baseline N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measurements, only older age and higher NT-proBNP were significant independent predictors of AF. Performances of several published predictive models were assessed, including the HAVOC and CHA2DS2-VASc scores, and higher scores were associated with higher rates of developing AF. Conclusions: Besides age as the most important variable, several other factors, including hypertension, higher body mass index, and lack of diabetes, are independent predictors of AF after ESUS. When baseline NT-proBNP was available, only older age and elevation of this biomarker were predictive of subsequent AF. Understanding who is at higher risk of developing AF will assist in identifying patients who may benefit from more intense, long-term cardiac monitoring.

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