The Impact of Cognitive, Physical, and Psychological Stressors on Subsequent Cognitive Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 001872082110655
Author(s):  
Kristy Martin ◽  
Andrew Flood ◽  
David B. Pyne ◽  
Julien D. Périard ◽  
Richard Keegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Cognitive Appraisal ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Subjective Workload ◽  
The Impact

Objective To quantify the impact of performing challenging cognitive, physical and psychological tasks on subsequent cognitive performance, and whether differences in performance are predicted by psychological variables. Background Successful performance in many occupations depends on resilient cognition: the degree to which cognitive functions can withstand, or are resilient to, the effects of stress. Several studies have examined the effect of individual stressors on cognition; however, the capacity to compare different types of stress across studies is limited. Method Fifty-eight participants completed cognitive, physical, psychological and control interventions, immediately preceded, and followed, by a battery of cognitive tasks. Self-efficacy and cognitive appraisal were reported at baseline. Perceived stress was recorded post-intervention. Subjective workload was recorded for each cognitive battery and intervention. Results Cognitive performance was impaired by the cognitive, physical and psychological interventions, with the greatest effect following the cognitive intervention. The subjective workload reported for the post-intervention cognitive battery was higher following the cognitive and physical interventions. Neither self-efficacy, cognitive appraisal, perceived stress nor subjective workload of the intervention strongly predicted post-intervention performance. Conclusion Given the differences among interventions and cognitive domains, it appears that challenges to resilient cognition are broad and varied, and the mechanism(s) by which impairment occurs is complex. Application Considering the increase in subjective workload for the post-intervention cognitive battery, a combination of subjective and objective measures of cognitive performance monitoring should be considered.

scholarly journals The Impact of Short-term Integrated Yoga practice on Psychological wellbeing in special educators of individual with special needs

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Vijayakumar PS ◽  
Sahana AU ◽  
Anusha Rajanna
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Special Educators ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Impact

Background: Special educators face unprecedented work conditions and expectations that affect their psychological wellbeing and professional outcome as well. This study examines the growing evidence that even a short-term Integrated yoga practice enhance psychological wellbeing among special educators by reducing their stress, anxiety and depression levels. Materials and Methods: Special educators were recruited based on inclusion and exclusion criteria (n=20) age ranging between 25-50 years (Mean35±6.3) for a single group interventional pre-post study design: Integrated yoga module (included postures, breathing practices, relaxation and mediation) was given for a period of 8 weeks. The subjects were assessed on day 1 pre and post intervention on day 60 on perceived stress scale (PSS), Beck’s depression inventory (BDI-II) and Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: After 8 weeks of Integrated yoga practice there was asignificant reduction in anxiety scores (P less than 0.000), depression scores (P less than 0.000) and perceived stress levels (P less than 0.000) respectively compared to baseline by wilcoxon signed rank test. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that even a short-term integrated yoga intervention that can enhance psychological wellbeing of the special educators.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Short-Term Walking Intervention to Decrease Perceived Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie J. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Private University ◽  
Upper Midwest ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
University Employees ◽  
Walking Intervention ◽  
The Impact

This study examined a short-term, low-cost walking intervention developed and implemented at a small, private university in the upper Midwest. Results showed a significant decrease in perceived stress (pre-intervention PSQ mean = 0.41 ± 0.16 versus post-intervention PSQ mean = 0.30 ± 0.14, p <0.001), and a significant increase in daily steps (pre-intervention mean = 6,810 ± 2,544 versus post-intervention mean = 9,352 ± 2,825, p < 0.001). These results provide support for the effectiveness of a short-term walking intervention to increase daily steps and decrease perceived stress for university employees.

scholarly journals The Magic of Music for Improving Psychological Health for Those With Dementia and Their Caregivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 830-830
Author(s):  
Stuart MacDonald ◽  
Debra Sheets ◽  
Andre Smith
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Psychological Function ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Arts-based interventions for person’s with dementia and their caregivers represent an inexpensive, non-invasive, and non-pharmacological intervention with the potential to improve psychological function as well as reduce healthcare costs. The paper presents an overview of Voices in Motion (ViM), and the impact of this social-cognitive intervention on changes in psychological function for those with dementia and their caregivers (current n=26 dyads). Choir rehearsals were held on a weekly basis, and included a social discussion component. A range of outcomes (neuropsychological and physiological function, neural activation) were assessed using an intensive repeated measures design that facilitates both between- and within-person analyses, including nuanced evaluation of whether psychological function improves post intervention relative to an individual’s personal average, yielding a conservative within-person test of the benefits of intervention. Discussion focuses on the promise of such interventions for mitigating dementia symptoms and facilitating the psychological health of caregivers.

scholarly journals Assessing the feasibility of applying a combined osteopathy and psychoeducation therapy (OsteoPeCT) and its influence on levels of psychological and physiological stress in adult participants with moderate stress: A pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Rahier ◽  
Victoria J Taylor ◽  
Teena KJB Gamage ◽  
Alastair Treacher ◽  
Simon J O’Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Biomarker Analysis ◽  
Mood Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderate Stress

Abstract Background: There is mounting evidence suggesting a relationship between stress and adverse health outcomes. Stress is a multidimensional phenomenon requiring a multimodal approach. While there is some evidence indicating a positive effect of massage therapy, there is limited research regarding the impact of related approaches such as general osteopathic techniques (GOTs). Further, research examining the feasibility and effectiveness of combining GOTs with psychoeducation in the management of stress is lacking. The present pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility of applying a therapy package consisting of GOTs and brief psychoeducation and its influence on moderate stress in a convenience sample.Methods: A pilot uncontrolled trial with mixed pragmatic and exploratory design was conducted. The therapy package comprised of ten GOTs and ten minutes of scripted psychoeducation (OsteoPeCT) was applied in two sessions over two consecutive days to 18 adult participants with moderate stress. Feedback from participants and challenges experienced by both participants and researchers were recorded. The effects of OsteoPeCT were assessed by measuring pre-and post- intervention scores of self-reported perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10, PSS-10; Profile of Mood Scale, POMS) and salivary levels of physiological stress biomarkers (cortisol; secretory immunoglobulin A, sIgA and interleukin-6, IL-6).Results: All aspects related to the application of OsteoPeCT (participant recruitment, participant retention, therapy application, administration of health screen and self-reported perceived stress questionnaires, and the collection of saliva samples for biomarker analysis) were feasible. A total of 18 participants were enrolled. The timing of sessions on consecutive days was reported to be challenging. While a measurable decrease in perceived stress (PSS-10) and in mood scores (Tense, Fatigue, Depression, Anger) were noted post therapy (OsteoPeCT) application, physiological stress markers were unaffected. Diurnal variations of these biomarkers may need further consideration.Conclusion: The application of OsteoPeCT was feasible, well received with some beneficial influence on perceived stress indicating that an integration of psychoeducation and osteopathic care may confer benefits to patients. Future investigations with adapted protocols and larger sample size is warranted to assess effectiveness.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered in Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (registration number ACTRN12620000763943 ) and ICTRP .

scholarly journals The impact of a peer-based education on fruits and vegetables intake among housewives

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Sheybani ◽  
Zahra Hosseini ◽  
Sayed Hossein Davoodi ◽  
Teamur Aghamolaei ◽  
Amin Ghanbarnejad
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Evidence indicates the lower intake of fruits and vegetables than the recommended daily amount. Study aimed at determining the effects of peer education intervention on the consumption of fruits and vegetable in housewives. Methods A quasi-experimental was conducted with 130 housewives referring to health care centers in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Sixty-five subjects were recruited in each of the intervention and the control groups. Intervention group were divided into three subgroups each receiving a seven-sessions educational programs (lecturing and group discussion) through peers about the importance of benefits of fruits and vegetables consumption. Participants were followed for two months. Data were collected using a questionnaire in two stages of pre- and post-intervention. Differences in the outcome before and after the intervention were tested using T-test and paired T-test. Results The daily servings of fruits and vegetables in the intervention group increased from 1.73 to 4.20 and in the control group from 1.96 to 2.16; a statistically significant difference was also observed between the groups (P < 0.001). After the intervention benefits and self-efficacy of fruits and vegetables consumption significantly increased and perceived barriers of fruits and vegetables consumption significantly decreased in the intervention group (P < 0.001). Conclusion Peer education improves benefits and self-efficacy, reduces barriers, and increases the daily servings of fruits and vegetables in housewives.

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy as a Moderator between Stress and Professional Burnout in Firefighters

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Makara-Studzińska ◽  
Krystyna Golonka ◽  
Bernadetta Izydorczyk
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Separate Regression

The purpose of the study is to analyze the importance of individual resources in firefighting, one of the highest risk professions. Firefighters from 12 different Polish provinces (N = 580; men; M (mean age) = 35.26 year, SD = 6.74) were analyzed regarding the perceived stress at work, burnout, self-efficacy, and a broad range of sociodemographic variables. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Link Burnout Questionnaire (LBQ), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) were used in the study. To explore the relationships between work-related stress, burnout, and self-efficacy, separate regression models for each burnout dimension were analyzed. The results revealed that self-efficacy is a significant moderator that changes the direction and strength of the relationships between perceived stress and psychophysical exhaustion, sense of professional inefficacy, and disillusion. However, self-efficacy did not moderate the relationship between stress and lack of engagement in relationships (relationship deterioration). The results indicate that self-efficacy in firefighters is a crucial personal resource that buffers the impact of perceived stress on most burnout symptoms. It may be concluded that in high risk professions, special attention should be paid to developing self-efficacy as an important part of burnout prevention programs, pro-health activities, and psychoeducation.

Caritas Education: Theory to Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-120
Author(s):  
Kim Rossillo ◽  
Vivian Norman ◽  
Mary Wickman ◽  
Elizabeth Winokur
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Caring Behaviors ◽  
Theory To Practice ◽  
Newly Graduated Nurses ◽  
Theory Of Human Caring ◽  
Human Caring ◽  
The Impact

Increasingly complex occupational demands along with varied educational and personal examples of caring, may impact the ability to deeply connect with patients. Literature has identified that nurses and patients have differing perceptions of caring behaviors. Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring provides a framework for care delivery that focuses on the caring nurse–patient relationship and the experience through the patients' lens.Caring healing relationships are at the core of professional nursing. The purpose of this project was to design and deliver an educational seminar based on Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring to newly graduated nurses to examine the impact on self-efficacy in caring behaviors.The project participants (N = 56) consisted of a nonprobability convenience sample of newly graduated nurses at a local faith-based community hospital. The educational intervention consisted of experiential learning activities to facilitate translating theory to practice. The study utilized the Caring Efficacy Scale (CES), which is an instrument based on Watson's caring theory and Albert Bandura's self-efficacy theory. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in caring efficacy between the preintervention (M = 5.1, SD = .47), and immediate post intervention (M = 5.5, SD = .38); t (52) = −9.09, p = .000.The knowledge from this study could provide insights for the development of effective teaching strategies to facilitate translating nursing theory to practice. Establishing and developing skills to facilitate nurturing, caring nurse–patient relationships may enhance both the patient and caregiver experience.

The impact of age stereotypes on elderly consumers’ self-efficacy and cognitive performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Groeppel-Klein ◽  
Jennifer Helfgen ◽  
Anja Spilski ◽  
Laura Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Age Stereotypes ◽  
Elderly Consumers ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact of a Mobile Phone App to Increase Vegetable Consumption and Variety in Adults: Large-Scale Community Cohort Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilly A Hendrie ◽  
M Sazzad Hussain ◽  
Emily Brindal ◽  
Genevieve James-Martin ◽  
Gemma Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Real World Setting ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Large-scale initiatives to improve diet quality through increased vegetable consumption have had small to moderate success. Digital technologies have features that are appealing for health-related behavior change interventions. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the implementation and evaluation of a mobile phone app called VegEze, which aims to increase vegetable intake among Australian adults. METHODS To capture the impact of this app in a real-world setting, the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework was utilized. An uncontrolled, quantitative cohort study was conducted, with evaluations after 21 and 90 days. The app was available in the Apple App Store and was accompanied by television, radio, and social media promotion. Evaluation surveys were embedded into the app using ResearchKit. The primary outcomes were vegetable intake (servings per day) and vegetable variety (types per day). Psychological variables (attitudes, intentions, self-efficacy, and action planning) and app usage were also assessed. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were used to describe the impact of the app on vegetable intake and to determine the characteristics associated with the increased intake. RESULTS Data were available from 5062 participants who completed the baseline survey; 1224 participants completed the 21-day survey, and 273 completed the 90-day survey. The participants resided across Australia and were mostly women (4265/5062, 84.3%) with a mean age of 48.2 years (SD 14.1). The mean increase in intake was 0.48 servings, from 3.06 servings at baseline to 3.54 servings at the end of the 21-day challenge (<i>t</i><sub>1223</sub>=8.71; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). The variety of vegetables consumed also increased by 0.35 types per day (<i>t</i><sub>1123</sub>=9.59; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). No changes in intake and variety were found from day 21 to the 90-day follow-up. Participants with the highest app usage increased their vegetable intake by 0.63 (SD 2.02) servings per day compared with 0.32 (SD 1.69) servings per day for those with the lowest app usage. On the basis of multiple linear regression, gender; age; BMI; psychological variables of self-efficacy, attitudes, intentions, and action planning specific to vegetable intake; baseline vegetable intake; and active days of app usage accounted for 23.3% of the variance associated with the change in intake (<i>F</i><sub>9,1208</sub>=42.09; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). Baseline vegetable intake was the strongest predictor of change in intake (beta=−.495; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), with lower baseline intake associated with a greater change in intake. Self-efficacy (beta=.116; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), action planning (beta=.066; <i>P</i>=.02), BMI (beta=.070; <i>P</i>=.01), and app usage (beta=.081; <i>P</i>=.002) were all significant predictors of the change in intake. CONCLUSIONS The VegEze app was able to increase intake by half a serving in a large sample of Australian adults. Testing the app in a real-world setting and embedding the consent process allowed for greater reach and an efficient, robust evaluation. Further work to improve engagement is warranted.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Changes in Quality of Life and Related Psychosocial Variables in Australians with Multiple Sclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Ann Wollin ◽  
Nancy Spencer ◽  
Elizabeth McDonald ◽  
Gary Fulcher ◽  
Maureen Bourne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
The Impact

This study explored changes in quality of life (QOL) and psychosocial variables in a large cohort of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). A total of 1287 Australians with MS were administered self-report questionnaires at baseline and 24 months later to examine the impact of disease severity and duration, perceived stress, self-efficacy, depression, and social support on QOL and self-care. Over the 2-year survey period, MS remained stable for 70% of respondents. Disease severity correlated with social support at baseline but not at 24 months, when the only significant correlation with disease severity was that of the World Health Organization Quality of Life–100 instrument (WHOQOL-100) domain of Level of Independence. Although QOL improved across the WHOQOL-100 domains Physical, Psychological, Level of Independence, Social Relationships, and Environment, decreases were found in the WHOQOL-100 facet overall QOL and well-being as well as self-efficacy over the same time period. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to assess the utility of four control measures. MS disease severity and MS disease duration were entered at Step 1, explaining 16.1% of the variance in QOL. After entry of perceived stress, self-efficacy, social support, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale–21 (DASS-21) at Step 2, the total variance explained by the model as a whole was 55.8% (F6,1028 = 216.495, P &lt; .001). Thus, even in the presence of stable disease and improvement in some WHOQOL-100 domains, overall QOL and self-efficacy had decreased at 2 years after the collection of baseline data. Loss of self-efficacy, increased stress, and depression are key factors in reduced QOL in people with MS.

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