Community Control and Liquor Licensing: A Public Health Issue in New Zealand

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Stewart ◽  
Sally Casswell
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Community Interest ◽  
Licensed Premises ◽  
Temperance Movements ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Community interest in controlling the sale and supply of alcohol and reducing alcohol-related problems has seen a number of responses in New Zealand and elsewhere. These have included the growth of popular temperance movements last century, sometimes accompanied by votes for national or local prohibition. In some regions in New Zealand the local population instituted community-owned licensing trusts to operate licensed premises upon restoring alcohol sales to their districts. Government reviews of licensing law have responded to public dissatisfaction with drinking conditions. A recent substantial review of the sale of liquor in the late 1980s revived public interest in the control of alcohol. Submissions from a public health perspective concentrated on restricting access. The final legislation, however, saw a liberalising of availability and deregulation of the licensing system. Nevertheless, emphasis is given to the control of alcohol-related problems, highlighted in the object of the act. The response of licensing and enforcement agencies to that objective will have important implications for the control of problems in the community.

scholarly journals Development and Feasibility of a Low-Cost, Pacific Community-Focussed, Weight Management Programme in Glen Innes, Auckland

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Susan Pirrit ◽  
Jennifer Utter ◽  
Vili Nosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Weight Management Programme ◽  
Pacific Community

Background: Obesity is a significant nutritional public health issue in New Zealand, with 32%of adults (15 yrs+) classified as obese and a further 34% overweight but not obese [...]

The Epidemiology of Māori Suicide in Aotearoa/New Zealand

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Coupe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand

AbstractSuicide is a Māori Public Health Issue. Suicide rates in Aotearoa/New Zealand are amongst the highest in OECD countries in the 15-24 year age group and second only to Hungary in other age groups (WHO, 1996; Disley & Coggan, 1996). Suicide is the leading cause of death for young people under the age of 25 years in Aotearoa/New Zealand and a major public health problem (Coggan, 1997). Approximatel, 540 New Zealanders kill themselves each year (Rose, Hatcher, & Koelmeyer, 1999). The total Māori suicide rate (per 100 000) increased to 17.5 in 1997, compared to non-Māori (13.1), and the Māori youth suicide rate (33.9) far exceeded the equivalent non-Māori rate (24.3), reflecting the disparity between Māori and non-Māori (Ministry of Health, 1997). This paper aims to present epidemiological data on Māori suicide and then use the existing literature to discuss possible reasons for the high Māori rate.

Alcohol

2021 ◽  
pp. 349-360
Author(s):  
Robin Room
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
New Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Temperance Movements

This chapter begins with a discussion on alcohol, its uses, and its effects, both positive and negative, followed by a review of the recent research on its cumulative effects on health. The history of alcohol as a public health issue is also briefly reviewed. The temperance movements of the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries sought to prohibit alcohol altogether, but by the 1930s the alternative of controlling alcohol sales to limit its adverse effects was the dominant aim. As these controls weakened after the 1950s, a ‘new public health’ approach argued for stronger controls. Although this approach gained ground among researchers from the 1970s onwards, it has often been resisted in the policy process. Seven main strategies to prevent or control alcohol problems are described, and their effectiveness briefly assessed. The chapter concludes with an account of alcohol policy in a globalizing world. An international convention on alcohol control has been called for to counter the influence of trade agreements and the globalization of alcohol production, distribution, and promotion.

scholarly journals A scorecard for local body election candidates in New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Stone
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
District Health ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
The Public

Abstract Local elections are held every 3 years in NZ for District Health Boards (DHB). The public has low capability to scrutinise candidates for their knowledge/experience in public health governance. As a result, there is low voting turn-out for elections. So, 3 PHA branches developed scorecards for 2019 candidates. Our aims addressed 3 problems: 1. How to raise public awareness about local DHB elections 2. How to engage voters and provide them with information about candidates from a public health perspective 3.Can we encourage candidates to discuss public health issues/ preventative measures publicly. We hoped to promote democracy by increasing informed voter turnout. Scorecards were based on candidates' responses to a survey with 3 dimensions: alignment with public health values; health sector governance experience; views on a specific public health issue (water fluoridation). Survey responses were scored by panels of branch members. Southern branch sent the survey to 28 DHB candidates across 2 DHBs, and 24 replied in time. Wellington branch sent it to 23 CCDHB candidates and 16 replied in time. Canterbury's response rate was just over 50%, 11 of 21 surveys were returned. We produced scorecards for results in formats for printing and sharing online. We shared them on PHA's website, social media and featured them in the e-newsletter. Each branch launched them at local Meet the DHB Candidate events where hundreds of paper copies were distributed. There was good online interest in the scorecards: 3453 previews, 287 downloads for further printing/distribution. Many candidates committed, if elected, to policy solutions presented them at our events. There was significant increase (684 in Southern, 698 in Wellington, 2006 in Canterbury) in DHB voter turnout in 2019, compared to last election with no scorecards. Not all top-scoring candidates were subsequently elected onto respective DHBs, but for Wellington and Southland all elected had high scores. Key messages PHANZ plays a role in supporting NZ democracy by filling a gap in public information about election candidates, whether they are fit for purpose when scrutinised through the public health lens. Election Scorecard are effective for raising public awareness, providing scrutiny of the candidates from a public health perspective, encouraging candidates to consider public health issues.

Violence Is a Public Health Issue

Pained ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 131-132
Author(s):  
Michael D. Stein ◽  
Sandro Galea
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Health Burden

This chapter looks at how violence is a public health issue. Even as rates of violence from several causes have declined, the persistent prevalence of violence in people’s daily lives, both domestically and globally, should give people pause. In theory, violence is eminently preventable. Decreasing violence should therefore be a top priority in the broader pursuit of preventing disease and poor health. Yet violence continues to injure and kill worldwide. At the heart of this failure to prevent violence is the belief that violence is not a health issue. Overwhelmingly, people think of violence as a criminal justice problem, or a sociopolitical concern. This has resulted in the heavy-handed approach to incarceration, which has exacerbated racial divides in the United States and done little to prevent violence. Yet violence is a public health problem, with consequences both individual and collective. Some individuals who experience violence die; those who do not will go on to bear a physical or mental health burden that can last a lifetime. As such, solutions to violence must be rooted in a public health perspective. This means understanding how the context that shapes people’s health each day can raise the likelihood of violence.

scholarly journals Antenatal and postnatal depression: A public health perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 116-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh R. Shrivastava ◽  
Prateek S. Shrivastava ◽  
Jegadeesh Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Psychosocial Assessment ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Primary Health Care System ◽  
Public Health Perspective

ABSTRACTDepression is widely prevalent among women in the child-bearing age, especially during the antenatal and postnatal period. Globally, post-partum depression has been reported in almost 10% to 20% of mothers, and it can start from the moment of birth, or may result from depression evolving continuously since pregnancy. The presence of depression among women has gained a lot of attention not only because of the rising incidence or worldwide distribution, but also because of the serious negative impact on personal, family and child developmental outcomes. Realizing the importance of maternal depression on different aspects-personal, child, and familial life, there is a crucial need to design a comprehensive public health policy (including a mental health strategy), to ensure that universal psychosocial assessment in perinatal women is undertaken within the primary health care system. To conclude, depression during pregnancy and in the postnatal period is a serious public health issue, which essentially requires continuous health sector support to eventually benefit not only the woman, but also the family, the community, and health care professionals.

scholarly journals Fighting for survival: persons with disabilities’ activism for the mediatisation of COVID-19 information

2020 ◽  
pp. 1329878X2096771
Author(s):  
Nhamo Anthony Mhiripiri ◽  
Ratidzo Midzi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Access To Health

Crises times have an uncanny way of giving salience to struggles for democracy. The new coronavirus – also known as COVID-19 – became a global public health issue that stirred other democratic concerns from persons living with disabilities who wanted access to health information for their survival. People living with various types of disabilities have special communication and information needs, some of which require specific technologies, formats and language. The pandemic got people concerned about their safety and survival. This article contextualises and critiques US, Britain and Zimbabwean activists representing persons living with disabilities’ reactions to the manner their public authorities availed COVID-19 health messages to disabled constituencies via mainstream television. It compares how suitable was televised content from US, Britain, Zimbabwean and New Zealand stations for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing, before exploring complaints and lawsuits from the disability constituency pertaining to access to COVID-19 health information.

Preventing overdiagnosis in mammography screening – a public health perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Concin ◽  
Gabriele Nagel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Quality Health Care

AbstractPrevention and management of breast cancer in order to provide high quality health care is an important public health issue. The existence of overdiagnosis for breast-cancer was controversial for a long time but is now broadly accepted. Overdiagnosis is defined as the diagnosis of “disease” that will never cause symptoms or death during a patient’s ordinarily expected lifetime. Estimates of the overdiagnosis rate for breast cancer range up to 54% of screen-detected localized tumors. New approaches, such as the identification of high risk groups or primary prevention approaches could be more relevant from the public health perspective.

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