EXPRESS: Investigating the Effects of Excise Taxes, Public Usage Restrictions, and Anti-Smoking Ads across Cigarette Brands

2021 ◽  
pp. 002224292199456
Author(s):  
Yanwen Wang ◽  
Michael Lewis ◽  
Vishal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Brand Choice ◽  
Continuous Model ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Brand Strength ◽  
Excise Taxes ◽  
Cigarette Tax ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact

The prevalence of strong brands such as Coca-Cola, McDonald’s, Budweiser, and Marlboro in “vice” categories has important implications for regulators and consumers. While researchers in multiple disciplines have studied the effectiveness of anti-tobacco counter-marketing strategies, little attention has been given to how brand strength may moderate the efficacy of tactics such as excise taxes, usage restrictions, and educational advertising campaigns. In this research, we use a multiple discrete-continuous model to study the impact of anti-smoking techniques on smokers’ choices of brands and quantities. Our results suggest that while cigarette excise taxes decrease smoking rates, these taxes also result in a shift in market share towards stronger brands. Market leaders may be less affected by tax policies because their market power allows strong brands such as Marlboro to absorb rather than pass through increased taxes. In contrast, smoke-free restrictions cause a shift away from stronger brands. In terms of anti-smoking advertising we find minimal effects on brand choice and consumption. The findings highlight the importance of considering brand asymmetries when designing a policy portfolio cigarette tax hikes, smoke-free restrictions, and anti-smoking advertising campaigns.

Trade credit in emerging economies: an interorganizational power perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 768-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bai Liu ◽  
Yibo Wang ◽  
Yongyi Shou
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Political Ties ◽  
Buyer Power ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe extant literature recognizes that trade credit is influenced by the power imbalance between buyers and suppliers but most studies focus on either buyer power or supplier power. The purpose of this study is to investigate how buyer power and supplier power interact and jointly influence trade credit. Moreover, this study examines the moderating effects of political ties in an emerging economy context.Design/methodology/approachA research framework was developed by combining resource dependence theory and institutional theory to investigate the interactive effects of market power (i.e. market share and supplier concentration) and non-market power (i.e. political ties) on trade credit. The proposed hypotheses were empirically tested by a fixed effects model using secondary data from 2,433 listed firms in China.FindingsThe results show that a buyer firm's market share promotes trade credit but this effect is weakened by supplier concentration. Moreover, the buyer's political ties enhance the impact of market share on trade credit and attenuate the negative moderating effect of supplier concentration.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the trade credit and supply chain power literature by identifying the interactive effects of market share, supplier concentration and political ties in trade credit. It advances our understanding of how trade credit is jointly determined by a variety of factors in emerging economies.

Quiet life hypothesis reborn: is “holdinglisation” relevant?

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Christina Liem
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Financial Failure ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Quiet life hypothesis (QLH) states that banks with a higher market power will generate high profitability quietly, even though it could cause inefficiency. In the long term, it could turn a high profitability into a lower future profitability. This paper identifies QLH-reborn through the holdinglisation strategy of the Indonesian Government to include all state-owned banks into one holding, hence increasing the market power of Indonesian state-owned banks within ASEAN. Optimum profitability and optimum efficiency are the objectives of the “holdinglisation” idea. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyse the relevance of holdinglisation within the Indonesian banking industry. Design/methodology/approach This paper focusses on analysing the efficiency and soundness of four state-owned conventional banks and four state-owned Islamic banks in Indonesia during 2011–2015. Subsequently, this paper analyses the impact of bank effectiveness index and soundness rank on return on average asset (ROAA) and ROAE through the data panel of general least square regression using STATA. Findings This paper shows that all state-owned commercial banks in Indonesia during 2011–2015 are efficient and sound. Furthermore, this paper finds that market power (market share for deposit and market share for loans) has an insignificant impact on bank efficiency (BE) index, bank soundness rating, ROAA and EM. Meanwhile, BE index and BS rating have a significant impact on ROAA. Therefore, this paper concludes that holdinglisation regulation as QLH-reborn is irrelevant for Indonesian state-owned banks at this moment. Research limitations/implications This paper has a crucial limitation. Holdinglisation as QLH-reborn is irrelevant under the condition that all state-owned commercial banks in Indonesia are efficient and sound. Moreover, this paper contributes another actual empirical study of QLH. Practical implications This paper represents a scientific argumentation towards a holdinglisation strategy of state-owned commercial banks in Indonesia. Therefore, this paper could be a scientific reference for the Indonesian Government to improve Indonesian state-owned commercial banks competitiveness in ASEAN. Originality/value This paper is urgently needed for the Indonesian banking industry because the Indonesian Government should consider the drawbacks of holdinglisation as QLH reborn to the Indonesian banking industry, such as inefficiency and the risks of financial failure. Moreover, if the bank experiences financial failure, it could have a detrimental and lasting effect on the country’s macroeconomic condition.

scholarly journals Impact of Promotional Tools on Consumer Buying Behavior: A Case of FMCG Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-67
Author(s):  
Ahsan Ali ◽  
Khair Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Marketing Tactics ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Instantaneous changes in the global socio-economic scenario due to rapid uncertainties and emerging technologies have framed a cutthroat competition between the market players across industries. This colossal change in business structures has altered the consumer demands and driven business focus to search for unique marketing tactics to attract, bring-in, and retain a larger customer pool through various promotional tools. The importance of unique marketing strategies for a business is undeniable as the exclusivity of marketing tools is the core idea to draw customer's attention towards the products. Marketers today are relentlessly trying to decipher new strategies through which changing customer demands can be catered to and seek innovative ideas to attain customer attention. This research project thus intends to test the effect of different promotional tools and their impacts on consumer buying behaviour. Every company hence tries to execute various forms of marketing tactics aimed to increase sales and to maximize business market share. Promotion is a mode of marketing that aspires to introduce and at the same time persuade consumers to buy the products offered by the business to enhance the sales volume and increase the firm’s profit margins. Hence, the purpose of this research study is to examine the impact of different promotion tools which include free samples, product price reductions, free coupons, and buy one get one free offer on consumer buying behaviour in the FMCG industry in Pakistan. This study was conducted in Karachi, and a total of 208 respondents were selected using the systematic random sampling technique. The data was collected through a self-administered structured questionnaire which was adapted from previous similar studies. Statistical tools were employed using SPSS and SmartPLS3 software to analyze the gathered data and find some meaningful results. The significance of this research is extensive as the key findings may help organizations devise appropriate promotional strategies to minimize their costs and maximize market share as well as profits. Moreover, the practical contributions of this research persist in the identification of sales promotion strategies that are pertinent to the management of clients in the FMCG market in Pakistan. Hence, this study will be beneficial for organizations to minimize their costs related to sales promotion and will provide the right promotional inducement, marketing strategies for businesses to increase sales by creating purchase behaviour practices for display.

Cooperative Pricing Under Forecasting Sharing in the Manufacturer-E-Retailer Supply Chain

2011 ◽  
pp. 262-278
Author(s):  
Ruiliang Yan ◽  
Sanjoy Ghose
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Market Power ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Market Information ◽  
Demand Forecast

With the rapid development of the Internet, many retailers and individuals nowadays use this technology to engage in direct e-retailing sales. In this article, we investigate the value of demand-forecast information sharing in a manufacturer-e-retailer supply chain. The value of market information depends not only on its accuracy, but also on the e-retailer’s market power and the product’s Web compatibility. We develop a theoretical approach to examine the value of information sharing for the manufacturer and the e-retailer first, and then we further check to see how information sharing is moderated by the e-retailer’s market share and the product’s e-market-base demand. Our results suggest that under some conditions, both the manufacturer and the e-retailer can be better off from information sharing. Especially when the e-retailer’s market share is larger and the product’s e-market-base demand is higher, information sharing is more valuable for the supply chain players. Using our analysis findings, we indicate marketing strategies that the manufacturer and the e-retailer may want to adopt.

The influence of inflation targeting on the pass-through effect of the exchange rate

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Ph. S. Kartaev ◽  
Yu. I. Yakimova
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact

The paper studies the impact of the transition to the inflation targeting regime on the magnitude of the pass-through effect of the exchange rate to prices. We analyze cross-country panel data on developed and developing countries. It is shown that the transition to this regime of monetary policy contributes to a significant reduction in both the short- and long-term pass-through effects. This decline is stronger in developing countries. We identify the main channels that ensure the influence of the monetary policy regime on the pass-through effect, and examine their performance. In addition, we analyze the data of time series for Russia. It was concluded that even there the transition to inflation targeting led to a decrease in the dependence of the level of inflation on fluctuations in the ruble exchange rate.

Global Food Commodity Prices and Domestic Food Inflation: Some Insights from Morocco

New Medit ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed EL GHIN ◽  
Mounir EL-KARIMI
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate Regime ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Floating Exchange Rate ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Food Inflation ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Domestic Food

This paper examines the world commodity prices pass-through to food inflation in Morocco, over the period 2004-2018, by using Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model on monthly data. Several interesting results are found from this study. First, the impact of global food prices on domestic food inflation is shown significant, which reflects the large imported component in the domestic food consumption basket. Second, the transmission effect is found to vary across commodities. Consumer prices of cereals and oils significantly and positively respond to external price shocks, while those of dairy and beverages are weakly influenced. Third, there is evidence of asymmetries in the pass-through from world to domestic food prices, where external positive shocks generate a stronger local prices response than negative ones. This situation is indicative of policy and market distortions, namely the subsidies, price controls, and weak competitive market structures. Our findings suggest that food price movements should require much attention in monetary policymaking, especially that the country has taken preliminary steps towards the adoption of floating exchange rate regime.

TAX POLICY IN THE FIELD OF EXCISE TAXES ON TOBACCO PRODUCTS IN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
A. A. IDRISOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tax Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Excise Taxes ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of excise tax revenues to the budget of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the negative impact on the economy of the distribution of illegal tobacco prod-ucts - cigarettes, as well as the impact of new substitutes for this product. The issues of harmonization of the excise policy of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union and the regulation of the tax policy in the field of excise taxes on tobacco products, the introduction of new excise taxes on electronic substitutes are considered. These measures are aimed at creating sustainable export-import foreign trade relations and a single market of legalized smoking products. The article is aimed at developing recommendations on strengthening the economy of tobacco production in the context of the creation of the Eurasian Economic Union, as well as on increasing tax revenues from them.

scholarly journals The Panzar–Rosse H Statistic and Monopoly. Issues on its Use as a Market Power Measure

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Sanchez-Cartas
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
Power Measure ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Rule Out

AbstractThis note emphasizes some flaws of the Panzar–Rosse H statistic to address market power. First, I show that it is more related to the pass-through rate than to a market power measure, which implies reconsidering its interpretation and use. Second, I show that the inclusion of other strategic variables rather than prices or quantities may lead to contradictory predictions about market power. Therefore, competition authorities should refrain from using the H statistic to rule out significant market power because it is not a well-behaved measure of the degree of competition.

Assessing sustainability marketing from macromarketing perspective: a multistakeholder approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soha Abutaleb ◽  
Noha El-Bassiouny
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Sustainable Products ◽  
Government Role ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe paper examines three main stakeholders in the market and their roles toward achieving sustainability marketing. Those stakeholders are consumers, companies and policymakers. The current study is examining consumers’ attitudes toward sustainability marketing and their purchase intentions of sustainable products through the use of theory of planned behavior. The paper is also examining the role of companies and policymakers in encouraging consumers to consider sustainability in their purchasing decisions.Design/methodology/approachConcurrent research study is applied, where qualitative and quantitative research methods are conducted at the same time for different purposes with equal weights. Qualitative interviews were applied with fast-moving consumer goods companies and policymakers, while quantitative surveys were applied with Egyptian consumers.FindingsThe results showed that companies are taking serious and effective steps in transforming their marketing strategies into sustainable marketing ones. The government role is still limited as there are no strict laws and regulations that force companies and factories in Egypt to develop sustainability marketing strategies. Consumers’ attitudes were highly affected by firms' sustainable practices as well as subjective norms that led to influencing their intentions toward purchasing sustainable products.Originality/valueAlthough the topic of sustainability marketing is considered by a plenty of researchers in the academic discipline, there are no studies that have combined the main three stakeholders' roles in achieving sustainability marketing in one study. The study highlights the impact of government role and firms' role on consumers' attitudes and purchase intentions toward sustainable products, especially convenient products. This was done through the adoption of the theory of planned behavior.

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