Application of the Sads Diagnostic Interview to Forensic Psychiatry

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Rogers ◽  
James L. Cavanaugh
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Psychiatry ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Significant Advance ◽  
Forensic Evaluations ◽  
Legal Questions ◽  
Fitness To Stand Trial ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Forensic Setting

The Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS), a sophisticated, semi-structured diagnostic interview, is introduced as a significant advance in forensic evaluations. Pertinent research on the SADS' development is summarized and its administration and use in the forensic setting are described in detail. Particular attention is focused on evaluations involving legal questions of sanity, fitness to stand trial, and treatability in delineating the clinical strengths and limitations of the SADS diagnostic interview.

Psychological and social correlates of the onset of affective disorders among pregnant women

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kitamura ◽  
S. Shima ◽  
M. Sugawara ◽  
M. A. Toda
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Highly Correlated

SynopsisOne hundred and twenty women recruited from attenders at the antenatal clinic of the Obstetrics Department of a general hospital were asked to complete ad hoc questionnaires during pregnancy; they were then interviewed by psychiatrists using a structured diagnostic interview, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS). Nineteen (16%) women were identified as having an onset of an affective disorder during the period of pregnancy, mainly (68%) during the first trimester. As compared with the women without any such onset (controls), the women with pregnancy-related affective disorder (PRAD) were characterized by (1) it being their first pregnancy or first delivery with past termination of pregnancy, (2) early loss of either parent by death, (3) high Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) Neuroticism (N) and Psychoticism (P) scores, (4) living in a flat with either a plan to stay there after the forthcoming childbirth or an expectation that their accommodation would be crowded, and (5) negative response to the news of the pregnancy by the husband with low intimacy. The effects of these factors were additive since the probability of developing a PRAD episode was highly correlated with the number of factors reported.

Predictors of Psychopathology in Children of Patients with Major Affective Disorders

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad H. Kashani ◽  
Niels C. Beck ◽  
Jeffrey P. Burk
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Parental Psychopathology ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Child Psychiatrist ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analyses ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Primary Instrument

The present study reports on variables associated with psychopathology in children of patients hospitalized with major affective disorders. The primary instrument used in this investigation was a structured diagnostic interview that was completed by a child psychiatrist. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses of these data suggest that severity of parental psychopathology (as measured by a higher score on the SCL-90 and a longer stay in the hospital) and the report of child abuse were associated with general childhood psychopathology. The significance of these and other findings are discussed.

Structured Diagnostic Interview Schedules

1998 ◽  
pp. 97-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack J. Blanchard ◽  
Seth B. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview

scholarly journals Sensitivity and specificity of the Akena Visual Depression Inventory (AViDI-18) in Kampala (Uganda) and Cape Town (South Africa)

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dickens Akena ◽  
John Joska ◽  
Dan J. Stein
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview

BackgroundVisual scales may be particularly useful in screening for depression in patients with low literacy. However, few have been validated and none are in common use.AimModification and validation of a visual scale to screen for depression in low literacy settings.MethodWe assessed the validity, reliability and factor loading of a 28-item visual depression inventory using pictorial items depicting depression signs and symptoms. We validated a revised scale comprised of 18 items known as the Akena Visual Depression Inventory (AViDI-18) against a structured diagnostic interview (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Inventory) in 343 patients in Kampala (Uganda) and Cape Town (South Africa).ResultsThe 18 pictorial items had acceptable validity and reliability. The area under the curve (AUC) score of the AViDI-18 was 0.9. AUC scores were not significantly associated with sociodemographic variables.ConclusionThe AViDI-18 is a valid screen for depression in patients with low literacy.Declaration of interestNone.

Forensic psychiatry

2020 ◽  
pp. 347-362
Author(s):  
Stephen H. Dinwiddie
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Forensic Psychiatry ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Conceptual Space ◽  
Fitness To Stand Trial ◽  
Ethical Conflicts

Forensic psychiatry exists within the ever-changing social and conceptual space where issues of law and mental state meet. Though generally associated with issues such as the insanity defence, fitness to stand trial, and the like, forensic psychiatry includes within its ambit many aspects of everyday clinical practice—issues such as risk prediction, antisocial personality disorder, decisional capacity, and identifying and resolving ethical conflicts. Rather than focusing on topics of little practical interest to the general clinician, articles for this chapter were chosen to address these everyday issues.

Cognitive disorders, epilepsy, ADHD, and offending

2012 ◽  
pp. 1928-1932
Author(s):  
Norbert Nedopil
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Psychiatry ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Organic Brain ◽  
Organic Disorder

‘Cognitive disorders’ is a broad and heterogeneous diagnostic category, which includes different disorders, each with a distinct aetiology. They affect individuals in different ways depending on the age in which they occur. The term may be applied to a child, who has experienced perinatal trauma as well as to an older person with a beginning dementia of the Alzheimer type. The scientific literature on offenders with cognitive disorders is sparse. Most authors in forensic psychiatry do not systematically differentiate between the diagnostic subcategories and tend to use broad terms, such as organic disorder, organic psychosis, organic brain syndrome, neuropsychological deficit, dementia, mental handicap, mental retardation to include a number of different disorders in their studies. The number of patients with any kind of brain disorder in forensic hospitals and institutions is comparatively small and ranges from 1 to 10 per cent of all forensic inpatients. The same numbers apply for individuals assessed for criminal responsibility or risk of reoffending. Compared to major mental disorders like schizophrenia or affective disorders or to personality disorders, patients with cognitive disorders account for only a small proportion of individuals seen by forensic psychiatrists. Subdividing this group any further would be statistically irrelevant. The way forensic psychiatry and the law deals with offenders suffering from organic brain disorders is rather derived from case reports and convention than from empirical knowledge.

scholarly journals Inconsistency in reporting potentially traumatic events

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs Hepp ◽  
Alex Gamma ◽  
Gabriella Milos ◽  
Dominique Eich ◽  
Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

BackgroundResearch on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relies mainly on self-reports of exposure to trauma and its consequences.AimsTo analyse the consistency of the reporting of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) over time.MethodA community-based cohort, representative of the canton of Zurich, Switzerland, was interviewed at the ages of 34–35 years (in 1993) and 40–41 years (in 1999). A semi-structured diagnostic interview, including a section on PTSD, was administered.ResultsOf the 342 participants who attended both interviews, 169 reported some PTE (1993, n=110; 1999, n=120). In 1999, 56 participants (33.1%) reported for the first time PTEs that actually occurred before 1993, but which had not been reported in the 1993 interview. In total, 68 participants (40.2%) who had reported a PTE in 1993 did not report it in 1999. The overall frequency of inconsistent reporting was 63.9%.ConclusionsThe high level of inconsistency in the reporting of PTEs has implications for therapy as well as for research.

Does Assessment Method Matter in Detecting Mental Health Distress among Ashkenazi and Mizrahi Israeli Women with Breast Cancer?

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Ora Nakash ◽  
Leeat Granek ◽  
Michal Cohen ◽  
Gil Bar-Sela ◽  
David Geffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Mental Health Distress

Abstract Authors examined differences in assessment method (structured diagnostic interview versus self-report questionnaire) between ethnic groups in the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders among women with breast cancer. A convenience sample of 88 Mizrahi (Jews of Middle Eastern/North African descent, n = 42) and Ashkenazi (Jews of European/American descent, n = 46) women with breast cancer from oncology units in three health centers across Israel participated in the study. Participants were within eight months of diagnosis. Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a structured diagnostic interview, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Approximately one-third (31.8 percent, n = 28) of participants were diagnosed with at least one mood or anxiety disorder based on the MINI. Significantly more Mizrahi participants (42.9 percent) were diagnosed with at least one mood or anxiety disorder, compared with their Ashkenazi counterparts (21.7 percent). Mean score on HADS was below the optimal cutoff score (≥13) among all participants, with no significant difference in mean score for emotional distress based on HADS between the two ethnic groups. The findings highlight the role of measurement variance in assessing mental health distress among women with breast cancer in general and among ethnic and racial minorities in particular.

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