From Sociological Interpretation to Political Science

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Fernando Barrientos Del Monte
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
America Latina ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
American Political Science ◽  
Sociological Interpretation

From the end of the nineteenth century until well into the 1980s, one spoke of the “political sciences” (in the plural), a concept that included all the disciplines that analyzed political phenomena. “Sociological interpretation” began in the 1960s as a model of social science meant to provide both criticism and direction regarding development policies. Rodolfo Stavenhagen’s 1965 “Seven Erroneous Theses about Latin America” is an example of the role played by the political sciences at the time. Given the development of contemporary political science, which seeks dependent and independent variables and mid-range theories and bases its claims on empirical information, the question arises what Latin American political science can (re) learn from the interpretive model employed 50 years ago. Desde finales del siglo XIX y todavía en los años ochenta del siglo XX se hablaba de “ciencias políticas” (en plural), concepto en el cual se incluían todas aquellas disciplinas que analizaban los fenómenos políticos. La “interpretación sociológica” se erigió en la década de los años sesenta como un modelo de ciencia social que formulaba críticas pero también orientaba políticas de desarrollo. “Siete tesis equivocadas sobre América Latina” (1965) de Rodolfo Stavenhagen es un ejemplo del ejercicio de las ciencias políticas de la época. A la luz del desarrollo de la ciencia política contemporánea, que busca variables dependientes e independientes y teorías de alcance medio y funda sus afirmaciones a partir de información empírica, se trata de responder a la pregunta qué puede (re)aprender la ciencia política latinoamericana del modelo interpretativo de hace cincuenta años.

scholarly journals Política com paixão. A filosofia da libertação de Enrique Dussel

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Simone Rodrigues Pinto ◽  
Erivan Raposo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Enrique Dussel ◽  
Philosophy Of Liberation ◽  
America Latina

Resumo O presente artigo propõe-se apresentar o pensamento do filósofo Enrique Dussel, autor central da reflexão política em muitos países da hispano-américa, embora pouco discutido no Brasil. Sua insistência em um discurso legitimamente latino-americano faz dele um autor fundamental para entendermos os problemas e as soluções pensadas fora dos grandes Centros, como Europa e Estados Unidos. O enfoque principal será em sua filosofia da libertação e nos desafios lançados para a ciência e sociologia política.Palavras-ChaveFilosofia da libertação, América Latina, ética, política, Dussel.--- AbstractThis article intends to present the thought of the philosopher Enrique Dussel, important author of the political debate in many countries of Hispanic America, though less recognized in Brazil. He seeks a though properly Latin American to reflect on the problems and solutions to the continent, designed outside of major academic centers such as Europe and United States. The main focus will be on his philosophy of liberation and the challenges posed to social and political science.  KeywordsPhilosophy of Liberation, Latin America, Ethics, Politics, Dussel ---Resumé: Cet article présente l'oeuvre de Enrique Dussel. Ce philosophe se retrouve au coeur de la réflexion politique des pays hispanophones de l'Amérique latine, mais il est encore peu débatu au Brésil. Son insistance à travailler un discours proprement latino-américain en fait un auteur incontournable pour la compréhension des problèmes et solutions pensés hors des grands centres, tels l'Europe et les États-Unis. L'accent sera mis sur la philosophie de la libération et sur les défis rencontrés par la science et la sociologie politique.Mots-clésPhilosophie de la libération, Amérique latine, éthique, politique, Dussel.

Having Their Say, Leaving Their Mark

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-153
Author(s):  
Adolphus G. Belk ◽  
Robert C. Smith ◽  
Sherri L. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Black People ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Independent Organization

In general, the founders of the National Conference of Black Political Scientists were “movement people.” Powerful agents of socialization such as the uprisings of the 1960s molded them into scholars with tremendous resolve to tackle systemic inequalities in the political science discipline. In forming NCOBPS as an independent organization, many sought to develop a Black perspective in political science to push the boundaries of knowledge and to use that scholarship to ameliorate the adverse conditions confronting Black people in the United States and around the globe. This paper utilizes historical documents, speeches, interviews, and other scholarly works to detail the lasting contributions of the founders and Black political scientists to the discipline, paying particular attention to their scholarship, teaching, mentoring, and civic engagement. It finds that while political science is much improved as a result of their efforts, there is still work to do if their goals are to be achieved.

scholarly journals SISTEMAS DE PROTEÇÃO SOCIAL LATINO-AMERICANOS E RESPOSTAS À PANDEMIA DE COVID-19: Argentina, Brasil e México

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Mônica de Castro Maia Senna ◽  
Aline Souto Maior Ferreira ◽  
Valentina Sofia Suarez Baldo
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Social Protection Systems

O artigo analisa como sistemas de proteção social na América Latina têm respondido à grave situação social decorrente da pandemia de COVID-19. Pautado em estudo exploratório, o artigo toma como foco as experiências da Argentina, Brasil e México. A perspectiva de análise considera que as respostas produzidas por esses três casos às demandas sociais postas pela pandemia decorrem da interseção entre o legado prévio e estrutura institucional dos sistemas de proteção social existentes em cada país, a orientação política dos governos em exercício e a dinâmica social e política diante do contexto da crise sanitária. Verifica que nos três países, a despeito de medidas protetivas de maior ou menor abrangência e magnitude, que reforçam a proteção social existente ou introduzem novos mecanismos – todos eles temporários – a crise social própria às formações sociais latino-americanas se agravou.LATIN AMERICAN SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND RESPONSES TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: Argentina, Brazil and MexicoAbstractThe article analyses how social protection systems in Latina America have responded to the serious social situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Guided by an exploratory study, the paper focuses on the experiences of Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. The analysis considers that the responses produced by the three cases results from the intersection between the institutional structure’s previous legacy of the social protection systems existing in each country, the political orientation of the governments in exercise and the social and political dynamics in the sanitary crisis context. It seems that, despite protective measures of greater or lesser scope and magnitude, which either reinforce the existing social protections or introduce new mechanisms – all of them temporary – the social crisis specific to Latin American social formations has worsened in the countries studied.Keywords: Social protection. COVID-19. Brazil. México. Argentina

scholarly journals A APLICAÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE POPULISMO À AMÉRICA LATINA: pela necessidade de classificar, e não desqualificar

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
João Carlos Amoroso Botelho
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The Political ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
The Past ◽  
De Se ◽  
The Subject ◽  
America Latina

Desde que autores como Germani (1962), Di Tella (1969) e Ianni (1975) aplicaram a noção de populismo à América Latina, muito se escreveu sobre o tema. O conceito se estirou tanto que tem servido para definir políticos os mais díspares. Com a ausência das condições socioeconômicas descritas pelas formulações clássicas, a estratégia adotada é limitar a categoria à dimensão política. Esse procedimento, porém, não é capaz de descrever atributos exclusivos suficientes para que o populismo seja um fenômeno específico. Ao mesmo tempo, o conceito está tão enraizado que não é viável abandoná-lo. A solução proposta é avaliar em quais características um político se aproxima e se afasta dos casos paradigmáticos do passado. Assim, ele pode ser populista em certos aspectos e não em outros. Com esse procedimento, se chega a uma classificação, em que um líder apresente mais ou menos atributos descritos pelas definições clássicas, eliminando a necessidade de reformulação constante do conceito para adaptá-lo a novas circunstâncias. Também haveria menos espaço a que o rótulo de populista continuasse servindo para desqualificar políticos latino-americanos. O artigo aborda definições clássicas e recentes aplicadas à América Latina e avalia a viabilidade empírica da estratégia de se concentrar na dimensão política.---LA APLICACIÓN DEL CONCEPTO DE POPULISMO AMÉRICA LATINA: la necesidad de clasificar, y no descalificar Desde que autores como Germani (1962), Di Tella (1969) y Ianni (1975) aplicaron la noción de populismo a la América Latina, mucho se ha escrito sobre el tema. El concepto se ha estirado tanto que ha definido políticos muy dispares. Con la ausencia de las condiciones socioeconómicas descritas por las formulaciones clásicas, la estrategia adoptada es concentrarse en la dimensión política. Ese procedimiento, sin embargo, no es capaz de describir atributos exclusivos suficientes para que el populismo sea un fenómeno específico. Al mismo tiempo, el concepto está tan enraizado que no es viable abandonarlo. La solución propuesta es evaluar en cuales características un político se acerca y se aleja de los casos paradigmáticos del pasado. Así, ello puede ser populista en ciertos aspectos y no en otros. Con ese procedimiento, se llega a una clasificación, en que un líder presente más o menos atributos descritos por las definiciones clásicas, eliminando la necesidad de reformulación constante del concepto. También habría menos espacio a que el rótulo de populista continuase sirviendo para descalificar políticos latinoamericanos. El artículo presenta definiciones clásicas y recientes aplicadas a la América Latina y discute la viabilidad empírica de la estrategia de concentrarse en la dimensión política.Palabras-clave: populismo; América Latina; casos paradigmáticos; clasificación.---THE APPLICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF POPULISM IN LATIN AMERICA: the need to classify and not disqualifyEver since authors such as Germani (1962), Di Tella (1969) and Ianni (1975) applied the notion of populism in Latin America, much has been written on the subject. The concept stretched out so much that it has served to define the most dissimilar politicians. In the absence of socioeconomic conditions described by classical formulations, the strategy adopted is to restrict the category to the political dimension. Such a procedure, however, is not capable of describing adequate particular attributes that populism would be a specific phenomenon. At the same time, the concept is so deeply embedded in our society that it is not feasible to abandon it. The proposed solution is to evaluate in which characteristics a politician reaches and moves away from the paradigmatic cases of the past. Thus, it can be populist in some respects and not in others. In such a procedure, we arrive at a classification in which a leader shows more or less attributes described by classical definitions, eliminating the need for constant reformulation of the concept to adapt it to new circumstances. Also, there would be less space to which the label of populist would continue to serve to disqualify Latin American politicians. The article discusses recent and classic settings applied to Latin America and assesses the empirical viability of focusing on the political dimension strategy.Key words: populism; Latin America; paradigmatic cases; classification.

The Political Science Curriculum in War-Time: Report of the Committee of the American Political Science Association on War-Time Changes in the Political Science Curriculum

1942 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1142-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan P. Allen ◽  
Rodney L. Mott ◽  
Kenneth O. Warner ◽  
Francis O. Wilcox ◽  
E. M. Kirkpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Science Curriculum ◽  
Educational Leaders ◽  
American Political Science Association ◽  
The Political ◽  
The People ◽  
The Common ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
American Political Science ◽  
Science Association

In these days of war, with democracy facing the greatest challenge in its history, it would be a sad mistake for anyone to assume an attitude of smug complacency. Such would be disastrous if not literally treasonable. Educators, therefore, along with labor and industry, business and agriculture, need to re-examine and revaluate their contribution to the common welfare of the community. Engaged in a war that threatens the very existence of freedom of thought, scholarship, and teaching, educational leaders have an obligation to see that the best possible use is made of one of democracy's outstanding institutions—a free educational system. If the democratic nations fail to train men in good moral and intellectual habits, fail to produce men of keen insight and critical judgment, fail to give us free minds that can join in our struggle toward a better life for all the people of the world, they will have failed in one of their most important obligations to the human race, no matter how the struggle upon the field of battle may end.

scholarly journals Mecanismos de representación política en las democracias latinoamericanas: las cuotas electorales de género

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Roberto Álvarez San Martín
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
America Latina

Resumen: A partir de cifras y hechos planteados por PNUD, CEPAL, FLACSO Chile e INSTRAW sobre la participación política de las mujeres, se realiza una revisión de los debates, aplicaciones y efectos de las cuotas electorales de género en América latina. Se toman en cuenta las diferentes barreras que deben sortear las mujeres en la arena política, y se analizan la definición, alcances y argumentos en pro y en contra de las cuotas electorales de género. Se analiza este mecanismo a partir de los casos de Argentina y Costa Rica, los más exitosos en términos de resultados; mientras México evidencia el impacto incremental de las cuotas en la representación femenina, Perú pone en evidencia la influencia de la fuerte tradición presidencialista. Brasil es un caso paradigmático, que representaría el fracaso de las cuotas de género. Se concluye que, salvo Argentina, las otras democracias sólo han podido acelerar el proceso de inclusión real de mujeres en los procesos eleccionarios, pero sin que los resultados sean realmente compatibles con lo esperado. Las mujeres latinoamericanas, con cuotas o sin ellas, siguen estando sub-representadas en los espacios de participación política.Palabras clave: Participación política femenina, cuotas electorales de género, mecanismos de representación política.Abstract: On the basis of data and facts put forth by UN, CEPAL, FLACSO Chile e INSTRAW about the political participation of women, this article analyzes the debates about the application and effects of electoral gender quotas in Latin America. The barriers to women’s political participation are taken into account, analyzing the definition, reach and arguments for and against gender quotas. The cases of Argentina and Costa Rica, the most successful in results, are analyzed. While Mexico shows the increased impact of quotas, Peru makes evident the influence of the strong presidential tradition. Brazil is a paradigmatic case, representing the failure of gender quotes. In conclusion, save for Argentina, other democracies have only accelerated the process of women’s inclusion in election processes, but without results compatible with expectations. Latin American women, with out without quotas, are underrepresented in the spaces of political participation.Key words: feminine political participation, electoral gender quotas, mechanisms of political representation.

scholarly journals Los documentos de Medellín

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (309) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Raúl Rosales Carreño
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Creative Imagination ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
America Latina ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Key Events

Este artículo quiere ser una mirada retrospectiva a uno de los acontecimientos claves de la historia de la iglesia católica del Continente tanto porque adquirió su madurez como iglesia latinoamericana, como porque comenzó a tener una nueva comprensión postcolonial de la realidad del Continente. A los cincuenta años de este magno acontecimiento realizamos un recorrido literario al diagnóstico que hicieron los obispos católicos reunidos en Medellín. Revisitamos la imagen de nueva sociedad que proyectan y nos gozamos de la profunda cercanía que presentan respecto a las grandes transformaciones que se viven en América Latina y el Caribe hacia fines de la décadas de los 60. Podemos palpar así la cuna que da origen a una iglesia profética que más allá de toda cristiandad retoma centralmente su seguimiento de Jesús de Nazaret, tal como lo pide el papa Francisco actualmente. Como dice Medellín: “es el momento de inventar con imaginación creadora la acción que corresponde realizar, que habrá de ser llevada a término con la audacia del Espíritu y el equilibrio de Dios” (Introducción, 3).Abstract: This article hopes to have a retrospective look at one of the key events of the Catholic Church’s history in the Latin-American Continent both because it has reached its maturity as Latin-American Church and because it started to have a new postcolonial understanding of the Continent’s reality. On the fiftieth anniversary of this great event we carry out a literary exam of the diagnosis made by the Catholic bishops gathered in Medellin. We revisit the image of the new society that they project and enjoy the deep understanding they present with regard to the great transformations that people were going through in Latin America and in the Caribbean towards the end of the 1960s. We can thus get to know clearly the cradle that gave origin to a prophetic church, a Church that far more than all Christianity has retaken its following of Jesus of Nazareth, just as Pope Francisco requests at present. As Medellín said: “this is the moment to invent with a creative imagination the action that we must carry out and that will be carried action that we must carry out with the boldness of the Spirit and God’s equilibrium” (Introduction, 3).Keywords: Conference of Medellín; Documents of Medellín; Literary analysis; Social proximity; Following Jesus of Nazareth; Prophetism.

scholarly journals La formación del Estado latinoamericano: entre la dependencia externa y el colonialismo interno. (El modelo explicativo y analítico de Marcos Kaplan)

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Carlos Julio Buitrago Valero
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
The State ◽  
State Reform ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Latin American Region ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Reform State ◽  
The 19Th Century

ResumenSi bien modelos explicativos vinculados a la denominada Teoría de la Dependencia, como el de  Marcos Kaplan, son lo suficientemente globales y genéricos como para posibilitar interpretaciones  generales en torno al funcionamiento de la estructura mundial, permiten igualmente resaltar la especificidad de los procesos de la región latinoamericana y, en el caso que nos ocupa, de la formación del Estado. En consecuencia, y no obstante sus limitaciones, es posible afirmar que estos modelos pueden abrir perspectivas y preguntas esclarecedoras tanto a la ciencia política como al pensamiento, latinoamericanos. En este contexto, el papel del autoritarismo es trascendental para entender la evolución del proceso histórico de construcción del Estado (el camino de la modernidad autoritaria en América Latina).Palabras clave: Formación del Estado en América Latina, Democratización, Modernización, Modernidad, Reforma del Estado, Reestructuración del Estado, Relación autoritarismo y democracia, América Latina en el siglo XIX.************************************************The formation of Latin-American State: between external dependency and internal colonialism.  (The explanatory and analytical model of Marcos Kaplan)AbstractEven though explanatory models tided in with the dominated Theory of Dependence, as Marcos Kaplan’s, are global and generic enough to make possible general interpretations around the function of the world structure, they allow likewise highpoint the specificity of the process of Latin-American region and, in this case, the formation of the State. In consequence, and even its limitations, it is possible to affirm that these models can open enlightened perspectives and questions as well to the LatinAmerican political science as to Latin-American thinking. In this context, the paper of authoritarianism is transcendental to understand the evolution of historical process of the construction of the State (the way to authority modernity in Latin-American).Key words: Formation of the State in Latin-American, Democratization, Modernization, Modernity, State reform, State restructuration, Relationship authoritarianism and democracy, Latin America in the 19th century. ************************************************** A formação do Estado latino-americano: entre a dependência externa e o colonialismo interno.  (O modelo explicativo e analítico de Marcos Kaplan)ResumoMesmo que os modelos explicativos vinculados à chamada Teoria da Dependência, como o de Marcos Kaplan, sejam suficientemente globais e genéricos possibilitando interpretações gerais do funcionamento da estrutura mundial, eles permitem igualmente ressaltar a especificidade dos processos da região latino-americana e, no caso de que nos ocuparemos aqui, o processo de formação do Estado. Por isto, a pesar de suas limitações, é possíbvel afirmar que esses modelos podem abrir perspectivas e perguntas esclarecedoras tanto para a ciência política como para o pensamento latino-americano. Neste este contexto, o papel do autoritarismo é transcendental para se entender a evolução do processo histórico de construção do Estado (o caminho da modernidade autoritária na América Latina). Palavras-chave: Formação do Estado na América Latina, Democratização, Modernização, Modernidade, Reforma do Estado, Reestructuração do Estado, Autoritarismo e Democracia, América Latina no século XIX 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document