Intervening Processes in the Relationship Between Neighborhood Characteristics and Psychological Symptoms in Urban Youth

Depression is one of the most common mental health problems in the elderly, but there is little consensus about the best way to assess depression in the aged. The relationship between the CES-D and the ZUNG self-report depression scales was investigated in seventy-eight elderly people with osteoarthritis (mean age 71). The correlation between the scales was r = .69, with the CES-D classifying 15 percent of the participants as depressed, as compared to 6 percent by the ZUNG. Psychological symptoms had the strongest relationship with overall depression scores on both scales. No sex differences were found on psychological items on either scale, but females reported more somatic symptoms on the ZUNG. People over age seventy-four reported more psychological symptoms than their younger counterparts.

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The Relationship Between Alcohol Beverage Types and Violence

Journal of Drug Issues ◽

10.1177/0022042618812406 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 183-200

Author(s):

Aleksandra J. Snowden

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Neighborhood Characteristics ◽

Substantial Evidence ◽

Alcohol Outlets ◽

Observation Instrument ◽

Beverage Type ◽

Social Observation ◽

Ecological Association ◽

The Difference ◽

The Relationship

There is substantial evidence of an ecological association between off-premise alcohol outlets and violence. We know less, however, about how specific beverage types that are sold in the outlets might explain the difference in violence rates across different alcohol outlets. Data on alcohol beverage types were collected for all off-premise alcohol outlets in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, using a systematic social observation instrument. Spatially lagged regression models were estimated to determine whether the variation in alcohol beverage types is related to robbery density net of important neighborhood predictors of crime rates. Availability of all alcohol beverage types (beer, wine, spirits, premixed, single beer, single spirits, single premixed) was positively associated with the density of robberies, net of neighborhood characteristics. Reducing alcohol beverages, regardless of the beverage type, sold at off-premise alcohol outlets may reduce violence in communities.

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Self-Disclosure and Occupational Stress in Chinese Professionals

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.2000.87.3f.1075 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 87 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1075-1082 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. Nicholas Hamid

Keyword(s):

Occupational Stress ◽

Social Relationships ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Hong Kong Chinese ◽

Self Disclosure ◽

Stress Buffering ◽

Best Friend ◽

Chinese Adult ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The relationship of self-disclosure with occupational stress and symptoms of stress was examined among 243 Hong Kong Chinese adult professionals. Self-disclosure was negatively correlated with both occupational stress and psychological symptoms of stress for disclosures of personal feelings and social relationships when disclosing to a Best Friend, indicating a stress-buffering effect. There was a positive correlation between occupational stress and psychological symptoms of stress for disclosure of personal feelings and information about social relationships when disclosing to Mother. While both sexes reported similar occupational stress, the total self-disclosure of women was higher than for men, and this was especially true for intimate topics. The implications of the results were discussed.

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Behavioral Disturbances in Dementia and Beyond: Time for a New Conceptual Frame?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20153647 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (15) ◽

pp. 3647 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ambrogio ◽

Martella ◽

Odetti ◽

Monacelli

Keyword(s):

Common Ground ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Future Perspective ◽

Mixed Dementia ◽

Behavioral Disturbances ◽

Clinical Issue ◽

Common Causes ◽

History Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Prevalent Form

Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia are estimated to be the most common causes of dementia, although mixed dementia could represent the most prevalent form of dementia in older adults aged more than 80 years. Behavioral disturbances are common in the natural history of dementia. However, so far, there is a paucity of studies that investigated the causal association between behavioral psychological symptoms of dementia and dementia sub-types, due to the high heterogeneity of methodology, study design and type of clinical assessment. To understand the scant evidence on such a relevant clinical issue, it could be hypothesized that a new shifting paradigm could result in a better identification of the relationship between behavioral disturbances and dementia. This narrative review provides an update of evidence on the behavioral patterns associated with different dementia sub-types and offers a potential future perspective as common ground for the development of new translational studies in the field of behavioral disturbances in dementia and the appropriateness of psychoactive treatments.

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Investigation of Factors Associated with Psychological Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Women with Breast Cancer

Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi ◽

10.7816/nesne-09-22-07 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (22) ◽

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Psychological Symptom ◽

Traumatic Experience ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Core Beliefs ◽

Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽

Core Belief ◽

The Relationship

Breast cancer is a traumatic experience. Those diagnosed with breast cancer often experience psychological symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and stress. However, traumatic experiences do not only cause psychological symptoms, but also can lead to positive changes named as posttraumatic growth (PTG). In the present study, it was aimed to examine both the psychological symptom (depression, anxiety, stress) and PTG levels of women with breast cancer and the relationship of these variables with core beliefs challenge and rumination types. Sociodemographic and Cancer-Related Information Form, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Core Beliefs Inventory, and Event-Related Rumination Inventory were applied to 201 women with breast cancer diagnosis (Mage = 47.81, SD = 8.58), mediation relations of variables were examined with Process Macro. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the psychological symptom levels of the majority of the participants were low and their PTG levels were above medium. It was determined that core beliefs challenge positively predicted depression, anxiety, stress, and PTG. Intrusive rumination mediated the relationship between core beliefs challenge and depression, anxiety and stress; deliberate rumination mediated the relationship between core beliefs challenge and PTG. In other words, as the core belief challenge of the participants increase, both psychological symptom and PTG levels increase. In addition, those who use intrusive rumination experience more psychological symptom, and those who use deliberate rumination experience more PTG. The present study reveals the importance of cognitive processes in understanding the psychological symptoms and PTG in women with breast cancer. Keywords: Breast cancer, psychological symptom, posttraumatic growth, core belief challenge, event-related rumination

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The relationship between psychological symptoms and frequency of eating disorders in adolescents

Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Dergisi ◽

10.20518/tjph.341162 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 96-105

Author(s):

Hasan Hüseyin Çam

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

The Relationship

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Kenal saja tidak cukup: Eksplorasi Motif dan Bentuk Pertemanan Urban

Jurnal Sains Psikologi ◽

10.17977/um023v9i22020p78-87 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Egi Prawita ◽

Arka Nareswari ◽

Maria Theresia Asti Wulandari ◽

F Nurdiyanto

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Urban Youth ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Close Friend ◽

Communication Style ◽

Distinctive Pattern ◽

Diverse Area ◽

Diverse Context ◽

The Relationship

Friendship is a form of social interaction which elicits positive affect, happiness, and promote mental health. Commonly, friendship is based on homophily. However, similarity often less seen in a diverse context, specifically urban area. Numerous interactions between migrants and nonmigrants will create a distinctive pattern with non-diverse area. The aim of this study is to frame friendship as perceived by urban youth in Yogyakarta with following questions: 1) what makes urban youth befriend each other, and 2) what kind of friendship they have. Indigenous qualitative study is used as a methodological approach. Author interviewed eight urban youth as participants. The findings suggest that urban youth in Yogyakarta befriend each other based on similarity in communication style, the relationship elicit supportive climate, proximity, and needs fulfillment. These reasons changing overtime, proofed by the consideration on cost-benefit relationship. Urban youth in Yogyakarta have several types of friends, categorized by intimacy. Intimate friendships consist of ‘sharing’ friend and close friend, while acquaintances are friends, functional friend, friends bound by space, and demographic friends. Implications are discussed further on recommendation on migrant friendship.

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