Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and treatment aspects of ventricular tuberculosis in adult patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duo Li ◽  
Pingxin Lv ◽  
Yan Lv ◽  
Daqing Ma ◽  
Jigang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Intrathecal Injection ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Choroid Plexitis ◽  
Mri Characteristics

Background Ventricular involvement in neurotuberculosis is rare. The literature regarding the characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in ventricular tuberculosis is very limited. Purpose To describe MRI characteristics of ventricular tuberculosis and discuss the medical treatment along with the clinical outcome. Material and Methods Ten patients (6 men, 4 women; average age, 39 years) were diagnosed with ventricular tuberculosis during a period of 3 years. Four patients had the history of pulmonary/pleural tuberculosis. The clinical and MRI features of these patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results On a brain MRI, three patients showed ependymitis associated with contrast enhancement of the ependymal lining of the ventricular walls. One patient had choroid plexitis associated with prominent swollen and marked enhancement of the choroid plexus. One patient had intraventricular tuberculoma associated with an intraventricular nodule. Two patients had both ependymitis and choroid plexitis. Three patients had both intraventricular tuberculoma and choroid plexitis. Four patients had hydrocephalus. All patients underwent intrathecal injection of isoniazid and dexamethasone combined with multidrug anti-tuberculosis treatment. All patients had a good clinical recovery, except for one who developed hemi-paralysis due to cerebral infarction. On the repeated MRI of eight patients after therapy, all lesions disappeared or decreased in size, apart from in one patient who showed ventricular separation. Conclusion MRI characteristics of ventricular tuberculosis included ependymal enhancement, swelling, and enhancement of the choroid plexus and intraventricular tuberculomas. Intrathecal injection of isoniazid and dexamethasone along with multidrug chemotherapy showed good efficacy in ventricular tuberculosis.

Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee: An Interrater Reliability Study of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 2221-2229
Author(s):  
Peter D. Fabricant ◽  
Matthew D. Milewski ◽  
Regina O. Kostyun ◽  
Eric J. Wall ◽  
Andrew M. Zbojniewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Mri Characteristics

Background: Imaging characteristics of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions quantified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are often used to inform treatment and prognosis. However, the interrater reliability of clinician-driven MRI-based assessment of OCD lesions is not well documented. Purpose: To determine the interrater reliability of several historical and novel MRI-derived characteristics of OCD of the knee in children. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3 Methods: A total of 42 OCD lesions were evaluated by 10 fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons using 31 different MRI characteristics, characterizing lesion size and location, condylar size, cartilage status, the interface between parent and progeny bone, and features of both the parent and the progeny bone. Interrater reliability was determined via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) with 2-way random modeling, Fleiss kappa, or Krippendorff alpha as appropriate for each variable. Results: Raters were reliable when the lesion was measured in the coronal plane (ICC, 0.77). Almost perfect agreement was achieved for condylar size (ICC, 0.93), substantial agreement for physeal patency (ICC, 0.79), and moderate agreement for joint effusion (ICC, 0.56) and cartilage status (ICC, 0.50). Overall, raters showed significant variability regarding interface characteristics (ICC, 0.25), progeny (ICC range, 0.03 to 0.62), and parent bone measurements and qualities (ICC range, –0.02 to 0.65), with reliability being moderate at best for these measurements. Conclusion: This multicenter study determined the interrater reliability of MRI characteristics of OCD lesions in children. Although several measurements provided acceptable reliability, many MRI features of OCD that inform treatment decisions were unreliable. Further work will be needed to refine the unreliable characteristics and to assess the ability of those reliable characteristics to predict clinical lesion instability and prognosis.

scholarly journals Prediction of the Outcome of Cochlear Implantation in the Patients with Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Jae Han ◽  
Yun Bae ◽  
Seul Song ◽  
Jae-Jin Song ◽  
Ja-Won Koo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

The goal of this study was to elucidate radiologic biomarker that can predict the outcome of cochlear implantation (CI) in congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) related deafness. A retrospective survey of speech perception after CI and an evaluation of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were performed in 10 cochlear implantees with cCMV-related prelingual deafness. Specifically, a special attention was paid to the degree of white matter (WM) abnormality shown in brain MRI, which was used to divide our cohort into two groups: The mild and severe pathology groups. Age-matched prelingual deaf patients with idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss were selected as controls. Subjects in mild pathology groups showed higher a Category of Auditory Performance (CAP) score (5.2 ± 0.8) than those with severe pathologies (3.4 ± 1.5) (P = 0.041). Importantly, speech performance from subjects with mild pathology was comparable to that of the control group (mean CAP score of 5.2 ± 0.8 vs. 5.1 ± 1.2) (P = 0.898). Mild pathologies related to the limited WM lesion in MRI not accompanied by severe MRI pathologies, such as diffuse WM abnormality, myelination delay, ventriculomegaly, migration abnormality, and cerebellar hypoplasia, can be tolerated and do not adversely affect the CI outcome in cCMV deafness.

scholarly journals The Value of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Identification of Rare Diseases Mimicking Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3339
Author(s):  
Tingting Fang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Yu Kang ◽  
Fuyao Yang ◽  
Yuanwei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Mri ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Mri Characteristics

Background: The cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) characteristics of rare diseases with the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) phenotype are not well defined. Methods: Seventy-three sequential patients and 34 of their relatives, who have the HCM phenotype, were included. All subjects underwent cardiac MRI and genetic testing. Results: Of these 107 patients with phenotypic HCM, seven rare diseases were identified: four cases with LAMP2, one case with PRKAG2, one case with TTR mutation, and one case with senile systemic amyloidosis. Subjects with rare diseases had diffuse LGE, and the percentage of those with LGE was significantly higher than that of other HCM (median: 18.9%, interquartile range (IQR): 14.05 to 28.2% versus 7.8%, IQR: 4.41 to 14.56%; p = 0.003). Additionally, global T1 and ECV were significantly higher in subjects with rare diseases (global T1: 1423.1 ± 93.3 ms versus 1296.2 ± 66.6 ms; global ECV: 44.3 ± 11.5% versus 29.9 ± 4.5%; all p < 0.001). Conclusions: Cardiac MRI suggests the existence of distinct imaging characteristics, including via LGE and T1 mapping, among rare diseases that mimic HCM and HCM itself.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bacterial Meningoencephalitis in a Foal

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Viu ◽  
Lara Armengou ◽  
Cristian de la Fuente ◽  
Carla Cesarini ◽  
Sònia Añor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in equidae suffering meningoencephalitis (ME) has not been described. The objective of this paper is to describe brain MRI findings in a foal with bacterial ME. A five-month-old, 200 kg bwt Arabian filly was referred with a history of abnormal mental status and locomotion. The filly was recumbent and obtunded, and pupillary light reflexes were sluggish, and oculocephalic movements were normally present. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral optic neuritis. Hematology revealed leukocytosis and neutrophilia. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed neutrophilic pleocytosis with intracellular bacteria. On brain MRI, there were multifocal cortical areas of mild hyperintensity on T2-weighted images (T2WI) affecting both hemispheres. The lesions had ill-delineated margins, and there was loss of differentiation between gray and white matter. Diffuse hyperintensity was also identified in the left cerebellar cortex on T2WI. Neither mass effect nor cerebral midline shift were identified. On FLAIR images, the lesions were also hyperintense and, in some areas, they seemed to coalescence to form diffuse cortical areas of hyperintensity. The MRI findings described were similar to the MRI features described in cases of humans and small animals with ME. Brain MRI can be a useful diagnostic tool in foals and small-sized equidae with intracranial disease.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Follow-up of a Cohort of Patients with Incidental Abnormal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings at Presentation and Their Risk of Developing Multiple Sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mio Nakamura ◽  
Mark Morris ◽  
Mirela Cerghet ◽  
Lonni Schultz ◽  
Stanton Elias
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Mri Changes ◽  
Mri Characteristics

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in clinical practice, and “abnormal brain MRI” findings often prompt assessment for multiple sclerosis (MS), even when there are no symptoms suggestive of the disease. Despite several studies involving individuals with “radiologically isolated syndrome” (RIS), little is known about what factors might predict future development of MS. The objective of this study was to longitudinally evaluate clinical and MRI characteristics of people who presented to an MS clinic because of incidental abnormal MRI findings but did not have typical symptoms of MS, in order to assess risk factors for developing MS. Methods: Thirty consecutive patients presenting to an MS clinic for evaluation of abnormal MRI findings were enrolled in the study. Clinical and paraclinical data, including MRI results, were reviewed. Magnetic resonance imaging findings of T2 hyperintensities measuring more than 3 mm in diameter and fulfilling at least three out of four Barkhof criteria, with or without gadolinium-enhancing lesions, were considered to be suggestive of MS. Results: The median follow-up time was 5.5 years. No participants without MRI findings suggestive of MS were diagnosed with MS (P = .005). Fifteen participants had MRI findings suggestive of MS. Seven of the 15 (47%) were diagnosed with MS on follow-up. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing results were available for 15 participants. Abnormal results were found in six participants, of whom five (83%) also had MRI findings suggestive of MS. Only two of the nine (22%) participants with normal CSF results (P = .04) had MRI findings suggestive of MS. Conclusions: In our cohort, none of the participants without MRI findings suggestive of MS developed MS. The participants with MRI findings suggestive of MS were more likely to develop symptoms and MRI changes typical of MS on follow-up.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Choroid Plexus Papilloma in the Fourth Ventricle

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 442-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru OKUYAMA ◽  
Tsutomu SOHMA ◽  
Hiromi TSUCHITA ◽  
Koichi KITAMI ◽  
Ikuhide KOHAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Choroid Plexus ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Choroid Plexus Papilloma ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Plexus Papilloma

Magnetic resonance imaging findings and its association to electroencephalogram in children with partial epilepsy (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huynh Quang Huy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Partial Epilepsy ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Eeg Abnormalities

BACKGROUND It is important to identify the neuroimaging features that are associated with partial epilepsy in preschool children. Advances in technology recently to localize focal epileptogenic lesions, especially that of high-resolution structural imaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The recommendation that electroencephalography (EEG) should be gold criteria and that M.R.I should be optional has been questioned. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to to explore the brain lesions on MRI and its association to electroencephalogram in children with partial epilepsy. METHODS The present study was conducted among 112 preschool children with history of partial seizures. All patients underwent EEG and brain MRI. The epileptogenic lesions were identified on the basis of the signal intensities and morphological abnormalities seen on MRI. The correlation between MRI and EEG abnormalities was explored using a chi-square test. RESULTS Abnormal MRI were found in 34.8% (n = 39) of the sample. The EEG and MRI agreed with respect to classify into abnormal or normal in 48.2% (n = 54). Of the 27 patients with a normal EEG, six (22.2%) were seen to have an abnormal MRI. CONCLUSIONS A number of MRI abnormalities was found in our study of otherwise normal children, although the correlation between these results was not clear. Follow-up of these children will help us identify the important abnormalities. Despite of small sample, our results showed that a normal E.E.G findings does not predict a normal brain MRI in children with partial epilepsy.

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