Tumori in Diverse Specie Del Genere Drosophila

1953 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danko Brncic ◽  
Susie Koref
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Incomplete Penetrance ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Different Strains

Melanotic bodies, in all similar to the tumors described in Drosophila melanogaster, were found in natural populations of the following species of the genus Drosophila: D. campestris, D. bainderantorum, D. bocainensis. D. griseolineata, D. guaramunú, D. immigrans, D. mediostriata, D. mediopunctata, D. nebulosa, D. repleta, D. simulans, D. sturtevanti, D. virilis, D. willstoni. In stocks maintained in the laboratory for a long time, it was determined that the frequency of tumors varied from 0 to 5‰, with a mean value of 1-2‰. The highest percentage was found in the D. sturtevanti - Belem strain (2.08%). Different strains from a same species had different tumor frequencies. The study of the offspring of tumor bearing flies, and the cross of strains selected for a high frequency of tumors, reveled that these were inherited through rcessive genes of incomplete penetrance. As in D. melanogaster, the tumors appear in the larval stage and regress at the end of this period loading themeselves with melanic pigments. These melanized tumor rests persist in the pupae and adults’ as foreing bodies which apparently produce no important alterations to their bearers.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF RADIATIONS ON BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

1932 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Hussey ◽  
William R. Thompson ◽  
Robert Tennant ◽  
Nancy DuVal Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Living System ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
X Ray

The effect of high-frequency x-ray irradiation in prolongation of the larval stage of Drosophila melanogaster has been studied further, and evidence presented of the attainment of a maximum effect followed by a decrease to an almost level plateau in the course curve of average (median) prepupal period (ϕ) as a function of the period of irradiation (t) under otherwise fixed conditions. The variation of effects of the experimental treatment with age of the larvae at the time of irradiation has been demonstrated in both control and irradiated lots, and a strikingly decreased effect observed when ventilation was not supplied as usual. Means of employment of a living system of this type as an indicator of effectiveness of radiation as in phantom depth or other distributional experiments have been presented and their use illustrated.

scholarly journals The relationship of Wolbachia infection and different phenotypes in the Drosophila melanogaster natural populations from radioactively polluted and clear areas in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Gora ◽  
S. V. Serga ◽  
O. M. Maistrenko ◽  
O. V. Protsenko ◽  
I. A. Kozeretska
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
Phenotypic Change ◽  
Incomplete Penetrance ◽  
Isofemale Lines ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross Vein

Aim. The study was performed to investigate the relationship between Wolbachia infection and phenotypes that distinct from wild-type of Drosophila melanogaster from different localities in Ukraine including those from Chornobyl Exclusion Zone during 2013–2014. Methods. We have established isofemale lines from populations: Uman’, Inkerman, Odesa, Varva, Kyiv, Drogobych, Yaniv, Poliske, Chornobyl, and Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The ambient radiation (µSv/h) was measured in the sample sites. The flies were reared in the laboratory through two generations. We carried out the observation of F2 flies for visibly detectable phenotypes. According to whether the trait was inherited, observations were separated into three categories: with deviations of posterior cross-vein (C2) (incomplete penetrance), visible phenotypic changes (non-inherited) and mutations (inherited). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers specific to the 16S rRNA and Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) genes were used to determine infection presence in isofemale lines of the flies established for each population. Results. Examination of different phenotypes indicates that the highest mutation rate (but not C2 and not inherited changes) is in populations from Chornobyl Exclusion Zone and, therefore, connection with ambient radiation was detected (p = 0.0241). Generalized mixed linear regression has shown evidence that the presence of phenotypes with defects of C2 vein varies with endosymbiont infection presence (p = 0.03473) in the populations from radioactively polluted areas. Conclusion. Wolbachia is not related to occurring phenotypes neither with phenotypic changes nor with mutations, at least in surveyed populations. However, C2 defected phenotypes relates to the bacterial presence in populations from the contaminated area. Nonetheless, the origin of this relationship is unknown and the mechanisms of such a connection require further research. Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster, Wolbachia, endosymbiont, ambient radiation, mutation, phenotypic change, posterior cross-vein.

ASSOCIATION OF CHROMOSOME AND ENZYME POLYMORPHISMS IN NATURAL AND CAGE POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-277
Author(s):  
Yutaka Inoue ◽  
Yoshiko N Tobari ◽  
Kendo Tsuno ◽  
Takao K Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Latitudinal Cline ◽  
Enzyme Polymorphisms ◽  
Tight Linkage ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Positive Correlations

ABSTRACT The frequencies of a polymorphic inversion, In(2L)t, and of Adh and αGpdh alleles were analyzed in three natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster from Japan. Significant positive correlations between the frequencies of In(2L)t and AdhS or ?GpdhF were detected due to tight linkage. An analysis of correlation with latitude showed that the negative cline of AdhS frequency could be explained entirely by its linkage with In(2L)t; the frequency of AdhS on the standard chromosome did not show a latitudinal cline. To the contrary, the cline of αGpdhF frequency itself was positive, and its linkage with In(2L)t makes the positive cline unclear. These results suggest that the two allozymes themselves respond to latitudinal natural selection in different ways. When these populations were transferred to laboratory cages and maintained for a long time, they lost the chromosomal polymorphism but retained stable enzyme polymorphisms, although allele frequencies in the cage were not the same as in nature. The frequencies of Adh and αGpdh alleles were close to those in earlier cage populations of the same geographical origin.

A high frequency of heritable changes in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster in Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Kozeretska ◽  
S. V. Serga ◽  
I. Kunda-Pron ◽  
O. V. Protsenko ◽  
S. V. Demydov
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Natural Populations

scholarly journals ENZYME AND CHROMOSOME POLYMORPHISMS IN JAPANESE NATURAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-329
Author(s):  
Takao K Watanabe ◽  
Taishu Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Random Drift ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphisms ◽  
Chromosomal Variants ◽  
Historical Accident

ABSTRACT Collections of D. melanogaster from Japanese populations were analyzed for enzyme and chromosomal polymorphisms. Allelic frequencies at the Adh and αGpd loci were compared with polymorphic inversion (In(2L)B, In(2R)C) frequencies in the second chromosome. There was a significant positive correlation between the frequencies of AdhS and In(2L)B, caused by linkage. On the other hand, inversion-free cage populations maintained in the laboratory for a long time showed considerably larger variation in the frequencies of these enzyme alleles, which seem very likely to be a consequence of random drift. Two fitness components of these enzyme and chromosomal variants were measured in two different environmental conditions; neither of the two loci showed heterozygote superiority in viability or productivity, while the inversion heterozygotes showed a superior productivity compared to the corresponding homozygotes in the fluctuating environment. These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that polymorphic isozyme genes are maintained by random drift of neutral genes in natural populations, and that association with linked inversions is a historical accident.

A Comparative Study of the in vivo Distribution of 32P-Polyphosphates and 32P-Orthophosphate

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Esther Miller ◽  
Leopoldo Anghileri
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
In Vivo Distribution ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Total Body

SummaryThe distribution of 32P-polyphosphates (lineal and cross-linked) and 32Porthophosphate in normal and tumor bearing animals has been studied. Differences between the cross-linked and the lineal form are related to a different degree of susceptibility to the hydrolysis by the phosphatases. In contrast to orthophosphate, the polyphosphates showed a lower accumulation in soft tissues which gives an advantageous reduction of the total body radiation dose.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document