A Transportation-Efficient Land Use Mapping Index

2005 ◽  
Vol 1902 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Vernez Moudon ◽  
Sarah E. Kavage ◽  
Jean E. Mabry ◽  
D. W. Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
System Data ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Washington State Department ◽  
Fine Resolution

Land use and transportation are linked by complex, yet identifiable, relationships. Tools are needed to formalize this relationship and to take it into account when decisions are made about urban and suburban transportation systems. This paper reviews foundational concepts of performance measures of metropolitan transportation systems. It offers a rationale for the types of tools needed to measure and assess land use and transportation system efficiency. One tool being developed by the Washington State Department of Transportation–-the Transportation-Efficient Land Use Mapping Index (TELUMI)–-illustrates how research findings can be applied in metropolitan transportation planning. TELUMI uses cartographic modeling (CM) techniques and parcel-level geographic information system data. The fine resolution of the data measures microscaled land use conditions associated with travel patterns in built-up areas. CM generates maps of zones in a region that match land use conditions with travel behaviors. Zones are defined by land use variables, such as density of activities, presence and agglomeration of destinations, block size, and transportation infrastructure attributes. CM also performs advanced quantitative analyses of map attributes, and it is effective with lay and professional audiences. TELUMI's use of individual land use variables makes it possible to target intervention strategies, such as augmenting density or building sidewalks, and to evaluate their effectiveness in improving transportation efficiency. TELUMI assists transportation and local planning authorities in allocating transportation investments appropriate to multimodal travel.

scholarly journals Consistent trade-offs in ecosystem services between land covers with different production intensities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Gómez-Creutzberg ◽  
Malgorzata Lagisz ◽  
Shinichi Nakagawa ◽  
Eckehard G. Brockerhoff ◽  
Jason M. Tylianakis
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Well Being ◽  
No Production ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Land Use Effects ◽  
Land Covers ◽  
Fine Resolution

ABSTRACTSustaining multiple ecosystem services across a landscape requires an understanding of how consistently services are shaped by different categories of land uses. Yet, this understanding is generally constrained by the availability of fine-resolution data for multiple services across large areas and the spatial variability of land-use effects on services. We systematically surveyed published literature for New Zealand (1970 – 2015) to quantify the supply of 17 services across 25 land covers (as a proxy for land use). We found a consistent trade-off in the services supplied by anthropogenic land covers with a high production intensity (e.g., cropping) versus those with extensive or no production. In contrast, forest cover was not associated with any distinct patterns of service supply. By drawing on existing research findings we reveal complementarity and redundancy (potentially influencing resilience) in service supply from different land covers. This can guide practitioners in shaping land systems that sustainably support human well-being.

Using Large Linked Field Data Sets to Investigate Density’s Impact on the Performance of Washington State Department of Transportation Asphalt Pavements

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110061
Author(s):  
Ryan Howell ◽  
Stephen Muench ◽  
Milad Zokaei Ashtiani ◽  
James Feracor ◽  
Mark Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Large Data ◽  
State Department ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Maximum Aggregate Size ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Washington State Department

Large data sets of Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) pavement construction and condition data are linked together and used to investigate an implemented change in in-place density to lower specification limit (LSL) from 91% to 92%. This serves as a test case for using such large in-service data sets to create analysis value for a state DOT. Findings include: (1) WSDOT field density has remained relatively steady at 93% for over 20 years; (2) raising the density LSL to 92% will likely result in more contractor effort to achieve higher densities; (3) no clear trend links density with better pavement condition; (4) raising the density LSL will likely result in fewer problematically low densities; and (5) there is no evidence of differing pavement performance based on asphalt content, gradation, or nominal maximum aggregate size.

scholarly journals Urban morphology as a tool for exploring the land use in residential areas: Example of New Belgrade

Spatium ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Ranka Gajic
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Morphogenetic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Patterns

The paper presents findings of research about the classification of New Belgrade?s super-blocks using the typomorphology approach and the morphogenetic analysis of urban morphology in relation to land use. The example of New Belgrade is particularly interesting given the fact that the morphological patterns of land use within its superblocks were created during the period of non-market economy in Socialism, and now it is possible to review the effect that the socio-political transition into Capitalism, which started in the 1990s, has had on its land use. As a result, a data base with the typology of residential super-blocks of New Belgrade is created: from the perspective of urban land use there are four main morphological types (with the subtypes) taking into account the morphology of the position of the buildings on the terrain, and traffic (cars-pedestrian) flows. The morphogenetic analysis reveals that after the 1990s there are processes pointing to powerful influence of land policy driven by private interests. Research findings suggest that nowadays there are negative trends of using the land in super-blocks in New Belgrade - e.g. percentage of land occupancy by buildings is getting bigger and almost 100% of the un-built soil in the newly developed super-blocks is covered /paved.

scholarly journals Assessing Land Use Planning Tools to Mitigate Odour and Lighting Nuisance Related to Cannabis Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Pugliese ◽  
Jordan Scholten ◽  
Samantha Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Planning Policies

Cannabis production has expanded significantly across southern Ontario with the legalisation of theindustry. Much of this expansion has occurred within the rural countryside, through the utilisation of existinggreenhouse infrastructure. While the growth of this sector provides economic benefits to rural communities, complaints from adjacent residents related to lighting and odour issues are common and mitigation of such issues is complex. Land use planning policies have been established across southern Ontario to manage the development of cannabis greenhouses; however, policies vary by region and countyand the appropriateness of these policies have not been tested. This study seeks to analyse municipalplanning policies that regulate cannabis production and understand the impacts of these policies on sector,adjacent land owners and rural communities. Planning policies will be analysed at the municipal, regional orcounty level, with the creation of a database to highlight consistency and differences between communities. Case studies will be utilised to gain better insights into the challenges and opportunities related to cannabis production and planning mitigation. This presentation will provide a summary of current research findings, including highlights of a municipal scan of zoning by-law policies and informalinsights into policy appeals in southern Ontario.

Linking processes and patterns: Spatial planning, governance and urban sprawl in the Barcelona and Milan metropolitan regions

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (16) ◽  
pp. 3650-3668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Pagliarin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Regulatory Systems

Governance dynamics and spatial planning regulations are significant factors in the occurrence (or containment) of urban sprawl. However, qualitative investigations of the planning regulatory systems and practices, and governance arrangements that cumulatively stimulate suburbanisation, typically remain detached from land-change analyses. Based on the concept of institutional frames of spatial planning systems, this article elucidates how governance dynamics and spatial planning practices, at different scales, can partially explain suburban land-use patterns. The territorial transformations of two Southern European metropolitan regions, Barcelona and Milan, are examined through land-use data (1990–2012) at different territorial scales. Demographic (1991–2011) and administrative (2011) data are also analysed. In-depth interviews about individual and collective land management practices have been carried out, as well as document analysis concerning spatial planning laws and regulations. This research shows that the metropolitan character of urban sprawl originates from local planning practices mainly performed by municipal authorities through land-use micro-transformations. Further, it highlights the decisive role that higher-level institutions can play in land containment. Urban sprawl is hence not necessarily an unplanned phenomenon, but rather a ‘differently planned’ local and regional land-use strategy.

Global Natural Hazard and Disaster Vulnerability Management

2018 ◽  
pp. 83-104
Author(s):  
Nkemdilim Maureen Ekpeni ◽  
Amidu Owolabi Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Vulnerability Management ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Two Sides

This chapter examines both concept of global hazard and disaster and its management in the lights of its vulnerability. It categorized the different types of hazards and disasters and their components. From the research findings, it is observed that hazards and disaster are two sides of a coin. They occur at the interface between human systems and natural events in our physical environments. This chapter highlights that the major environmental changes driving hazards and vulnerability to disasters are climate change, land-use changes, and degradation of natural resources. After presenting a typology of disasters and their magnitude globally, management of disaster has transited from just being a “response and relief”-centric approach to a mitigation and preparedness approach.

Examination of Washington State Department of Transportation Transfer Functions for Mechanistic-Empirical Asphalt Concrete Overlay Design

1996 ◽  
Vol 1539 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Joe P. M ahoney ◽  
Linda M. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
State Department ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Overlay Design ◽  
Pavement Testing ◽  
Washington State Department

A review of transfer functions for mechanistic-empirical design procedures is addressed. Specific emphasis is placed on those transfer functions currently used by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) and shift factors that relate estimates of laboratory to field fatigue cracking. To achieve this goal, brief discussions about how the WSDOT transfer functions were developed or chosen are presented. A comparison of WSDOT with South African transfer functions is presented. This comparison is of special interest because the South African transfer functions have been updated recently and are in part based on extensive accelerated pavement testing. Finally, mechanistic-empirical overlay designs have been performed by WSDOT for more than 10 years, and a selection of prior overlay projects is reviewed to examine fatigue cracking shift factors. Only projects exhibiting fatigue cracking or its early manifestation are used. The annual visual distress surveys contained in the WSDOT Pavement Management System make this review a bit easier because all pavement sections on the WSDOT route system have been systematically monitored for the preceding 26 years. The conclusion is that the laboratory-based tensile strain relationship currently used by WSDOT must be shifted to predict field fatigue cracking. Such shift factors appear to fall most commonly into a range between 4 and 10.

Performance Measures for Multimodal Transportation Systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 1518 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Pratt ◽  
Timothy J. Lomax
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Regional Networks ◽  
Multimodal Transportation ◽  
Decision Context ◽  
Multimodal Systems

Transportation systems analyses have been evolving as the decision context for improvement projects and programs has changed. The increased emphasis on the movement of persons and goods, and a recognition of the importance of system performance measures that address the needs and interests of the audiences for mobility information, will result in a very different set of procedures for evaluating transportation and land use infrastructure and policies. Some of the key underlying concerns of performance measurement for multimodal systems are presented. Definitions are included for congestion, mobility, and accessibility that are used to guide the development of performance measures. Travel time–based measures are seen as the most readily understandable quantities, and examples are used to show how mobility can be measured for locations, corridors, transit analyses, and regional networks.

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