Calibrating Road Roughness Meters in Developing Countries

1996 ◽  
Vol 1536 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
Pavement Roughness ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Calibration Experiment ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Road Performance ◽  
Vehicle Chassis

Pavement roughness is an important characteristic monitored by many road agencies. It is used as an indicator of road performance and also for feasibility studies. In developing countries, the most common method of recording road roughness is the use of response-type roughness meters. These are instruments that measure the displacement of the vehicle chassis relative to its axle. Because vehicles respond differently to roughness, it is necessary to calibrate them against a standard roughness measure. Calibrating roughness meters against the international roughness index, profiling test sections, undertaking a calibration experiment, and analyzing the calibration data are addressed.

Acceptability of Pavement Roughness on Urban Highways by Driving Public

2003 ◽  
Vol 1860 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevan Shafizadeh ◽  
Fred Mannering
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Support ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Ride Quality ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
Pavement Roughness ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
National Highway ◽  
User Acceptability ◽  
Highway System

The driving public’s attitude toward acceptable levels of road roughness is explored using empirical data collected on urban highways. Individual driver acceptability levels are matched with international roughness index (IRI) levels to examine the existence of potential user acceptability thresholds. In particular, the observed trends are compared with the federal IRI guideline of 170 in./mi (2.7 m/km) for acceptable ride quality recommended by FHWA in its 1998 strategic plan for the National Highway System. The research reported on appears to provide empirical support for the federal IRI guidelines that are already in existence. This study also found that IRI levels provided a very good indication of driver acceptability, which agrees with past research based on antiquated present serviceability ratings.

Customer Usage Based on Pseudo Damage

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig T. Altmann ◽  
John B. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Profile ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Average Annual Daily Traffic ◽  
Road Type ◽  
Early Design Stages

Modeling customer usage in vehicle applications is critical in performing durability simulations and analysis in early design stages. Currently, customer usage is typically based on road roughness (some measure of accumulated suspension travel), but vehicle damage does not vary linearly with the road roughness. Presently, a method for calculating a pseudo damage measure is developed based on the roughness of the road profile, specifically the International Roughness Index (IRI). The IRI and pseudo damage are combined to create a new measure referred to as the road roughness-insensitive pseudo damage. The road roughness-insensitive pseudo damage measure is tested using a weighted distribution of IRI values corresponding to the principal arterial (highways and freeways) road type from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) dataset. The weighted IRI distribution is determined using the number of unique IRI occurrences in the functional road type dataset and the Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) provided in the FHWA HPMS data.

scholarly journals Airport pavement roughness evaluation based on cockpit and center of gravity vertical accelerations

TRANSPORTES ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-159
Author(s):  
Jorge Braulio Cossío Durán ◽  
José Leomar Fernandes Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
Airport Pavement ◽  
Pavement Roughness ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Roughness Evaluation ◽  
Vertical Accelerations

Pavimentos irregulares são geralmente responsáveis por acelerações verticais (VA) que afetam as aeronaves, aumentam a distância de parada e dificultam a leitura dos instrumentos de navegação na cabine dos pilotos. O International Roughness Index (IRI) e o Boeing Bump Index (BBI) são utilizados atualmente para quantificar a irregularidade longitudinal dos pavimentos aeroportuários e identificar seções que demandam atividades de manutenção e reabilitação (M&R). Contudo, tais índices baseiam-se apenas nas respostas dinâmicas de um automóvel a 80 km/h às irregularidades longitudinais dos pavimentos rodoviários, bem como nas características físicas das irregularidades (comprimento e altura), respectivamente, ignorando o efeito das VA nas aeronaves. Ainda, limites críticos atuais, sugeridos por Sayers & Karamihas e ANAC para IRI (2,0 e 2,5 m/km, respectivamente) e pela FAA para BBI (1,0) podem subestimar a condição real do pavimento. Este artigo avalia o efeito da irregularidade longitudinal nas acelerações na cabine dos pilotos (VACP) e no centro de gravidade (VACG). O software ProFAA permitiu calcular os índices e simular as VA em 4 aeronaves representativas atravessando 20 pistas de pouso e decolagem em 10 velocidades de taxiamento variando de 37 a 370 km/h. Comparações estatísticas e análises de regressão foram realizadas. Principais resultados mostram que VACP é 50% maior do que VACG e que ultrapassa o limite critico de 0,40 g quando o IRI e BBI estão acima de 3,7 m/km e 0,20, respectivamente. Um estudo de caso é também apresentado para comparar esses limites e sugere que a tomada de decisão baseada em IRI e VA pode trazer diferenças significativas na quantidade de atividades de M&R.

scholarly journals Research on the International Roughness Index Threshold of Road Rehabilitation in Metropolitan Areas: A Case Study in Taipei City

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10536
Author(s):  
Shong-Loong Chen ◽  
Chih-Hsien Lin ◽  
Chao-Wei Tang ◽  
Liang-Pin Chu ◽  
Chiu-Kuei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Value ◽  
City Government ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
The Road ◽  
Standard Scale ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Road Surface Roughness ◽  
Asphalt Concrete Pavement

The International Roughness Index (IRI) is the standard scale for evaluating road roughness in many countries in the world. The Taipei City government actively promotes a Road Smoothing Project and plans to complete the rehabilitation of the main and minor roads within its jurisdiction. This study aims to detect the road surface roughness in Taipei City and recommend appropriate IRI thresholds for road rehabilitation. A total of 171 asphalt concrete pavement sections in Taipei City with a total length of 803.49 km were analyzed and compared by IRI. The longitudinal profile of the detected road sections was measured using an inertial profiler. The statistical analysis showed that the IRI value prior to road leveling was mainly distributed between 5 and 8 m/km, while the IRI value after road leveling was mainly distributed between 3 and 4.5 m/km. This confirms that the implementation of the Road Smoothing Project has a significant effect on improving road smoothness. Moreover, based on the analysis results, it is recommended that the IRI threshold value for road rehabilitation in Taipei City be set at 4.50 m/km.

Control Research on Asphalt Pavement Roughness in Anchorage Zone

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 754-757
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Jia Jia Cheng ◽  
Meng Chen ◽  
Wen Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
Retaining Structure ◽  
Pavement Roughness ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Control Research ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Structure

The effect of pavement roughness on the roadbed and retaining structure underground was studied. Three different groups of International Roughness Index (IRI) were analyzed based on 6221 data collection instrument in this paper. Results show that different pavement roughness has different effect on retaining structure. Additionally, the vibration RMS increases with IRI when it is in the range of normal driving for the car, but amplitude of the IRI is larger. Finally, the main factors which influence the stability of structure and some corresponding improving measures are presented.

Smooth Enough?: Estimated Roughness on Roads with Low International Roughness Index Values

2003 ◽  
Vol 1860 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Dahlstedt
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Longitudinal Roughness ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Subjective Estimates

The reported investigation is one part of a project concerning methods for measurement of the longitudinal roughness of roads and the necessary accuracy. In this study the main focus was on the subjective experience of roughness on roads with low international roughness index (IRI) values, that is, fairly good roads. With the available data it was also studied how much a random error added to the IRI values would influence the correlations with the subjective estimates. The investigation was carried out as a magnitude estimation experiment. Twenty-two observers made their estimates while traveling as passengers first in a car and later in a truck. The roughness estimates were made on 45 sections along a 60-km route. Most of the stretches had an IRI roughness between 0.5 and 3.0 mm/m, with a few of up to IRI = 5.5. The reference section had an even higher roughness, IRI = 6.24, which was given the nominal subjective roughness magnitude of 100. The main results of the study were as follows: subjective roughness seems to be a linear function of roughness according to IRI within the studied roughness range; for some road sections with a nontypical spectral composition of the road roughness, it was found that the correlation between IRI and subjective roughness decreased considerably, and the simulations of random errors added to the IRI values showed that within the studied range and with the fairly large number of observations (45), random measurement errors up to at least ±0.2 IRI unit (mm/m) can be considered insignificant.

Research on Relationship between Riding Quality and Pavement Distress of Asphalt Pavement

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 1306-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Peng ◽  
Lu Hu ◽  
Yang Sheng Jiang ◽  
Liang Yun
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
Pavement Distress ◽  
Pavement Roughness ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear

For asphalt pavement performance evaluation, pavement roughness, which is subject to cracks, potholes, road repairs and so on, is a major factor to influence riding quality. Therefore, riding quality is partly correlated with pavement distress, and the relationship can be transformed to that between pavement roughness and distress rate. However, this relationship is not clear, and not reflected in existing evaluation models. Thus, correlation analysis and non-parametric test of independent samples were applied in this paper to find that, international roughness index and pavement distress rate are significantly different due to different grades of roads, then, linear and nonlinear regression were used to analyze the relationships between international roughness index and pavement distress rate for different road grades. Furthermore, original data were processed by logarithmic transformation, radical transformation, exponential transformation and so on, based on which, corresponding relationships were analyzed by linear and nonlinear regression. Finally, best models to describe relationships between international roughness index and pavement distress rate for different road grades were solved out, and corresponding 90% confidence intervals were computed. Research in this paper offers a reference for improving asphalt pavement performance evaluation system and models, which is conducive to further theoretical research and practice.

Relationship between International Roughness Index and Power Spectral Density of Asphalt Pavements in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Shao Wen Liu ◽  
Xiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Density ◽  
Power Spectral Density ◽  
Response Function ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
Quarter Car Model ◽  
Pavement Roughness ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Roughness Index ◽  
Quarter Car

In this paper, pavement roughness is assumed as random stationary variable and used as the exciting force of theoretical analyses of the quarter car model of International Roughness Index (IRI). From the frequency response function of the quarter car, the response function of the displacement difference between sprung and unsprung mass is obtained based on random process theory. Then the relationship between IRI and power spectral density (PSD) is established from statement characteristic of the response function. Finally, the longitudinal road profiles of typical asphalt roads in China are used to validate the proposed model.

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