Comparison of the impact damage resistance of non-hybrid and intra-ply hybrid carbon/E-glass/polypropylene non-crimp thermoplastic composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaye Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Damage Tolerance ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Compression After Impact ◽  
Post Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hybrid Carbon

This study aims to compare the low-velocity impact and post-impact properties of intra-ply hybrid carbon/E-glass/polypropylene non-crimp thermoplastic composites with non-hybrid carbon/PP and E-glass/PP non-crimp thermoplastic composites. Impact test was performed at four energy levels as 15 J, 30 J, 45 J and 60 J. Post-impact properties of hybrid thermoplastic composites were tested by compression after impact method for each energy level to understand the impact damage tolerance of intra-ply hybrid carbon/E-glass/PP non-crimp thermoplastic composites. The effect of hybridization on energy absorption of composites was not significant, while C-scan results showed that the intra-ply hybrid non-crimp thermoplastic composites had smaller impact damage areas in comparison to the non-hybrid samples. Compression and compression after impact tests results confirmed that the intra-ply hybridization increased the toughness of the composite laminates. Also, the residual compression strength/modulus increased with hybridization which indicated to damage tolerance.

Comparison of Low-Velocity Impact Damage Behavior of Unidirectional Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Thermoset and Thermoplastic Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 809 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Florian Schimmer ◽  
Sven Ladewig ◽  
Nicole Motsch ◽  
Joachim M. Hausmann ◽  
Ingo Ehrlich
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Damage Behavior ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the damage behavior of thermoset and thermoplastic fiber-reinforced composites. The specimens were subjected to low-velocity impacts (LVI) to produce barely visible impact damages (BVID). To compare the dependency of the matrix system and the laminate lay-up on the impact damage, four test series were set up. Therefore, laminates with an epoxy (EP) and a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) matrix in a quasi-isotropic (QI) [+45/0/-45/90]2s and an orthotropic (OT) fiber lay-up [0/90]4s were manufactured. To eliminate the influence of variant fiber systems, the thermoplastic tape and the thermoset prepreg contain similar carbon fibers (CF). After impact testing with three different impact energies, inner damages were investigated by using ultrasonic analyses. To get a deeper understanding of the interior damage mechanisms, cross sections of the damaged areas were examined via reflected light microscopy. By using these destructive and non-destructive test methods, significant differences in the damage behavior of composites with thermoplastic and thermoset matrix systems were identified for both laminate lay-ups.

scholarly journals Experimental analysis of impact and post-impact behaviour of inserts in Carbon sandwich structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Mezeix ◽  
Simon Dols ◽  
Christophe Bouvet ◽  
Bruno Castanié ◽  
Jean-Paul Giavarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Structures ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Failure Patterns ◽  
Impact Tests ◽  
Compression After Impact ◽  
Post Impact ◽  
Pull Through ◽  
Failure Scenario ◽  
The Impact

In aeronautics, honeycomb sandwich structures are widely used for secondary structures such as landing gear doors, flaps or floors, and for primary structures in helicopters or business jets. These structures are generally joined by using local reinforcements of the insert type. In the present study, 50 J low velocity impact tests were performed on inserts using a drop-weight device and the impact response and failure patterns were analysed. Impacted specimens were then pull-through tested to failure. Some of the tests were stopped before final failure in order to obtain precise details on the failure scenario. It was shown that, in the cases studied, the residual strength after impact was very high (about 90%) in comparison to the large reductions habitually observed in compression after impact tests.

Study on the Low-Velocity Impact Behavior of CFRP with Nanoclay-Filled Epoxy Matrix

2008 ◽  
Vol 47-50 ◽  
pp. 1205-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Kosar ◽  
Khan Shafi Ullah ◽  
Jang Kyo Kim ◽  
Arshad Munir
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Damage Resistance ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Compression After Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Carbon Fiber Epoxy ◽  
Insight Into

The influence of nanoclay on the impact damage resistance of carbon fiber-epoxy (CFRP) composites has been investigated using the low-velocity impact and compression after impact tests. The load-energy vs time relations were analyzed to gain insight into the damage behaviors of the materials. Compression-after-impact (CAI) test was performed to measure the residual compressive strength. The CFRPs containing organoclay brought about a significant improvement in impact damage resistance and damage tolerance. The composites containing organoclay exhibited an enhanced energy absorption capability with less damage areas and higher CAI strengths compared to those made from neat epoxy. A 3wt% phr was shown to be an optimal content with the highest damage resistance.

Low velocity impact and compression after impact behaviour of polyester pin-reinforced foam filled honeycomb sandwich panels

2021 ◽  
pp. 109963622199818
Author(s):  
RS Jayaram ◽  
VA Nagarajan ◽  
KP Vinod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Damage Area ◽  
Compression After Impact ◽  
Honeycomb Sandwich ◽  
Foam Filled ◽  
The Impact

Hybridization of sandwich panels and their different components have drawn huge attention due to the significant improvement in their attributes. Hybrid core of ‘Polyester Pin-reinforced Foam filled Honeycomb Sandwich panels’ (PFHS) were fabricated and compared with unreinforced ‘Foam filled Honeycomb Sandwich panels’ (FHS) in terms of low velocity impact and Compression After Impact (CAI) performance. The impact damage area was calculated by employing MATLAB image processing technique. Incorporating through thickness pins for connecting faces and core is an effectual way to improve interfacial bonding, specific bending stiffness and also imparts out of plane properties for sandwich panels. The low velocity impact tests performed on the sandwich panels revealed that the polyester pin reinforcement in foam filled honeycomb sandwich panel improved the load bearing capacity, total absorbed energy and reduced the impact damage area significantly. In CAI test, debond, wrinkling of face sheet, and buckling of face sheet and core are the major modes of failure. The addition of the pins enhanced the compressive strength for all the impact energy levels.

Low Velocity and Compression-After-Impact Response of Pin-Reinforced Sandwich Composites

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uday K. Vaidya ◽  
Mohan V. Kamath ◽  
Mahesh V. Hosur ◽  
Anwarul Haque ◽  
Shaik Jeelani
Keyword(s):  
Impact Testing ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Sandwich Composites ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Transverse Stiffness ◽  
Impact Studies ◽  
Compression After Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In the current work, sandwich composite structures with innovative constructions referred to as Z-pins, or truss core pins are investigated, in conjunction with traditional honeycomb and foam core sandwich constructions, such that they exhibit enhanced transverse stiffness, high damage resistance and furthermore, damage tolerance to impact. While the investigations pertaining to low velocity impact have appeared recently in Vaidya et al. 1999, the current paper deals with compression-after-impact studies conducted to evaluate the residual properties of sandwich composites “with” and “without” reinforced foam cores. The resulting sandwich composites have been investigated for their low velocity (< 5 m/sec) impact loading response using instrumented impact testing at energy levels ranging from 5 J to 50 J impact energy. The transverse stiffness of the cores and their composites has also been evaluated through static compression studies. Compression-after-impact studies were then performed on the sandwich composites with traditional and pin-reinforcement cores. Supporting vibration studies have been conducted to assess the changes in stiffness of the samples as a result of the impact damage. The focus of this paper is on the compression-after-impact (CAI) response and vibration studies with accompanying discussion pertaining to the low velocity impact.

Effect of SiO2 Nanoparticles on the Mechanical and Low Velocity Impact Properties of Epoxy/Glass Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 838 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Michał Landowski ◽  
Krystyna Imielińska
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Nanoparticle Suspension ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
The Impact

Flexural strength and low velocity impact properties were investigated in terms of possibile improvements due to epoxy matrix modification by SiO2 nanoparticles (1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%wt.) in glass/epoxy laminates formed using hand lay-up method. The matrix resin was Hexion L285 (DGEBA) with Nanopox A410 - SiO2 (20 nm) nanoparticle suspension in the base epoxy resin (DGEBA) supplied by Evonic. Modification of epoxy matrix by variable concentrations of nanoSiO2 does not offer significant improvements in the flexural strength σg, Young’s modulus E and interlaminar shear strength for 1% 3% and 5% nanoSiO2 and for 7% a slight drop (up to ca. 15-20%) was found. Low energy (1J) impact resistance of nanocomposites represented by peak load in dynamic impact characteristics was not changed for nanocompoosites compared to the unmodified material. However at higher impact energy (3J) nanoparticles appear to slightly improve the impact energy absorption for 3% and 5%. The absence or minor improvements in the mechanical behaviour of nanocomposites is due to the failure mechanisms associated with hand layup fabrication technique: (i.e. rapid crack propagation across the extensive resin pockets and numerous pores and voids) which dominate the nanoparticle-dependent crack energy absorption mechanisms (microvoids formation and deformation).

Low Velocity Impact on Fiber Reinforced Geocomposites

2016 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Samal ◽  
David Reichmann ◽  
Iva Petrikova ◽  
Bohdana Marvalova
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Acoustic Vibration ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behaviour ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
The Impact

Low velocity impact strength of the fabric reinforced geocomposite has investigated in this article. Various fabrics such as carbon and E-glass were considered for reinforcement in geopolymer matrix. The primary two parameters such as low velocity, impact damage modes are explained on the E-glass and carbon based fabric geocomposite. The onset mode of damage to failure mode is examined through C-scan analysis. The quality of the composite is observed using c-scan with acoustic vibration mode of sensor before and after impact test. Then the effect of fabric and matrix on the impact behaviour is discussed. Residual strength of the composite is measured to determine post impact behaviour. It has been observed that resistance properties of E-glass reinforced composite is better than carbon fabric reinforced composite.

Experimental investigation on a fully thermoplastic composite subjected to repeated impacts

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 6985-7002
Author(s):  
S Boria ◽  
A Scattina ◽  
G Belingardi
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Repeated Impacts ◽  
Structural Parts ◽  
The Impact

In the last years, the spread of composite laminates into the engineering sectors was observed; the main reason lies in higher values of strength/weight and stiffness/weight ratios with respect to conventional materials. Firstly, the attention was focused on fibres reinforced with thermosetting matrix. Then, the necessity to move towards low density and recyclable solutions has implied the development of composites made with thermoplastic matrix. Even if the first application of thermoplastic composites can be found into no structural parts, the replacement of metallic structural parts with such material in areas potentially subjected to impact has become worthy of investigation. Depending on the field of application and on the design geometry, in fact, some components can be subjected to repeated impacts at localized sites either during fabrication, activities of routine maintenance or during service conditions. When composite material was adopted, even though the impact damage associated to the single impact event can be slight, the accumulation of the damage over time may seriously weaken the mechanical performance of the structure. In this overview, the capability of energy absorption of a new composite completely made of thermoplastic material was investigated. This material was able to combine two conflicting requirements: the recyclability and the lightweight. In particular, repeated impacts at low velocity, on self-reinforced laminates made of polypropylene (PP), were conducted by experimental drop dart tests. Repeated impacts up to the perforation or up to 40 times were performed. In the analysis, three different energy levels and three different values of the laminate thicknesses were considered in order to analyse the damage behaviour under various experimental configurations. A visual observation of the impacted specimens was done, in order to evaluate the damage progression. Moreover, the trend of the peak force interchanged between specimen and dart and the evolution of both the absorbed energy and of the bending stiffness with the impacts number were studied. The results pointed out that the maximum load and the stiffness of the specimens tended to grow increasing the number of the repeated impacts. Such trend is opposite compared to the previous results obtained by other researchers using thermosetting composites.

Fatigue Behavior of Impacted Plain-Weave Glass/Epoxy Composites under Tensile Fatigue Loading

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 1291-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Weon Kang ◽  
Jung Kyu Kim ◽  
Heung Seob Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Damage Behavior ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
The Impact

The goals of this paper are to identify the impact damage behavior of plain-weave E-glass/epoxy composites and predict the fatigue life of the composites with impact-induced damage under constant amplitude loading. To identify these behaviors, the low velocity impact and fatigue after impact tests are performed for glass/epoxy composites having two types of fiber orientations. The impact damage behavior is dependent on the fiber orientation of the composites. The fatigue life of the impacted composites can be identified through the prediction model, which was proposed on the carbon/epoxy laminates by authors regardless of fiber orientations.

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