Diet Quality Is Lower for Those Who Skip Lunch Among a Sample of Predominantly Black Adolescents

2020 ◽  
pp. 089011712098137
Author(s):  
Lori Andersen Spruance ◽  
Spencer Clason ◽  
Jordyn Hansen Burton ◽  
Leann Myers ◽  
Keelia O’Malley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
School Level ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose: To compare the dietary quality among adolescents who skip lunch and those who do not and explore associations between school-level variables, demographic variables and lunch skipping. Design: Cross-sectional Setting: Public schools in New Orleans, Louisiana (n = 21) Participants: 718 adolescents Methods: Adolescents participated in a 24-hour dietary recall using the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour (ASA24) Dietary Assessment Tool early in 2013. Data were converted into Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) scores. Mean scores were compared between students who skipped lunch and those who did not. A multilevel analysis was conducted to assess relationships between school environment, demographics, and lunch skipping. Results: Of the 718 respondents, 88.3% were Black and 15.3% skipped lunch. Students who ate lunch had a mean HEI score of 46.6 compared to a mean score of 41.7 for students who skipped lunch (p < .001). Students who skipped lunch also had significantly lower intake of total vegetables (p = .02), whole fruits (p < .001), total dairy (p = .003), total protein (p < .001). Conclusions: Skipping lunch was associated with lower quality diet, though diet quality was low among all students. Considering over 15% of the sample did not eat lunch in a closed-campus school setting, further research should consider how to encourage students to participate in the National School Lunch Program, which has the ability to increase diet quality in adolescents.

Abstract P206: Diet Quality is Lower Among Adolescents Who Skip Lunch

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer M Clason ◽  
Lori Spruance ◽  
Leann Myers ◽  
Keelia O'Malley ◽  
Carolyn Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Quality Diet

Introduction: A healthy diet is key in preventing chronic diseases and black adults have higher rates of hypertension, obesity, and heart disease death rates compared to their white counterparts. Because dietary habits track from adolescence to adulthood, it is important to understand dietary habits of adolescents. This study aimed to examine the dietary quality among adolescents who skip lunch compared to those who do not. Methods: Data were collected in 2012 from 718 adolescents attending schools in New Orleans, Louisiana. Schools were high-poverty and closed-campus. Adolescents participated in a 24-hour dietary recall using the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour (ASA24) Dietary Assessment Tool and data were converted into Healthy Eating Index (HEI-10) scores (range 0-100; higher scores reflect higher quality diet). Mean scores were compared between students who skipped lunch and those who did not. Results: Of the 718 respondents, 88.3% were black and 15.3% of students skipped lunch. Students who ate lunch had a mean HEI score of 46.6 compared to a mean score of 41.7 for students who skipped lunch (p<0.001). Students who skipped lunch also had significantly lower intake of total vegetables, whole fruits, total dairy, total protein, and higher intake of empty calories (Solid fats, alcohols, and added sugars (SoFASS)). Conclusions: Skipping lunch was associated with lower quality diet, though diet quality was low among all students. Students who skip lunch are less likely to consume vegetables, whole fruits, whole grains, and proteins and have higher intake of SoFASS. Considering over 15% of the sample did not eat lunch in a closed-campus school setting, further research should consider how to encourage students to participate in the National School Lunch Program. Table 1. HEI score comparisons between those who skip and do not skip lunch.

scholarly journals Diet Quality Assessment in Wheelchair Users with Multiple Sclerosis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4352
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Silveira ◽  
Brenda Jeng ◽  
Gary Cutter ◽  
Robert W. Motl
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wheelchair Users

Background: Diet quality has not been distinctively examined in wheelchair users with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: This cross-sectional study examined the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ) III and the Automated Self-Administered 24-h (ASA24) Dietary Assessment Tool in 128 wheelchair users with MS. Participants were prompted to complete the DHQ-III and 3 ASA24 recalls during a seven-day data collection period. Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 scores were calculated for DHQ-III and ASA24, and scores were compared with normative values. Spearman’s correlation analyses (rs) estimated the associations between DHQ-III and ASA24 HEI-2015 total and component scores with supportive paired sample t-tests. Results: HEI-2015 scores for DHQ-III and ASA24 were significantly higher than normative values for total score, total protein foods, and added sugar. Correlations between HEI-2015 scores generated using ASA24 and DHQ-III were all statistically significant (range rs = 0.23–0.69); however, significant differences between ASA24 and DHQ-III values were noted for HEI-2015 total score, total fruits, whole fruit, total vegetable, greens and beans, whole grains, seafood and plant protein, refined grains, and saturated fats. Conclusion: This study provided a novel description of diet quality in wheelchair users with MS for guiding future research promoting healthy eating in this population.

Unhealthy food options in the school environment are associated with diet quality and body weights of elementary school children in Canada

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shannon Sim ◽  
Paul J Veugelers ◽  
Rachel Prowse ◽  
Candace IJ Nykiforuk ◽  
Katerina Maximova
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Outlets ◽  
The Absolute

Abstract Objective: Increasing evidence links unhealthy food environments with diet quality and overweight/obesity. Recent evidence has demonstrated that relative food environment measures outperform absolute measures. Few studies have examined the interplay between these two measures. We examined the separate and combined effects of the absolute and relative densities of unhealthy food outlets within 1600 m buffers around elementary schools on children’s diet- and weight-related outcomes. Design: This is a cross-sectional study of 812 children from thirty-nine schools. The Youth Healthy Eating Index (Y-HEI) and daily vegetables and fruit servings were derived from the Harvard Food Frequency Questionnaire for Children and Youth. Measured heights and weights determined BMI Z-scores. Food outlets were ranked as healthy, somewhat healthy and unhealthy according to provincial paediatric nutrition guidelines. Multilevel mixed-effects regression models were used to assess the effect of absolute (number) and relative (proportion) densities of unhealthy food outlets within 1600 m around schools on diet quality and weight status. Setting: Two urban centres in the province of Alberta, Canada. Participants: Grade 5 students (10–11 years). Results: For children attending schools with a higher absolute number (36+) of unhealthy food outlets within 1600 m, every 10 % increase in the proportion of unhealthy food outlets was associated with 4·1 lower Y-HEI score and 0·9 fewer daily vegetables and fruit. Conclusions: Children exposed to a higher relative density of unhealthy food outlets around a school had lower diet quality, specifically in areas where the absolute density of unhealthy food outlets was also high.

Dietary quality differs among cannabis use groups: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–16

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Amy R Gelfand ◽  
Christy C Tangney
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Adult Participants

Abstract Objective: To describe diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) and Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015)) according to self-reported cannabis use among the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) adult participants. Design: Utilizing cross-sectional data, we assessed diet quality with up to two 24-h diet recalls from NHANES participants. Usual intakes were estimated via the multivariate Markov Chain–Monte Carlo method. Diet quality scores were compared among never users, previous users and current users of cannabis. Setting: NHANES surveys from 2005 to 2016. Participants: Adult NHANES participants (17 855) aged 20–59 years with valid data for dietary recalls and drug use questionnaires. Results: Current adult cannabis users (ages 20–59 years) had significantly lower total diet quality (HEI-2010) scores (51·8 ± 0·7) compared with previous (56·2 ± 0·4) and never users (57·7 ± 0·4). Similar differences in total and individual HEI-2015 scores were observed. For the HEI-2015 scores, cannabis users had a significantly higher (better) sodium scores (4·1 ± 0·2) compared with never users (3·3 ± 0·1) and previous users (3·2 ± 0·1). Cannabis users scored lower compared with never users on total vegetables (3·1 ± 0·1 v. 3·7 ± 0·0), total fruit (2·1 ± 0·1 v. 3·0 ± 0·1) and whole fruit (2·2 ± 0·1 v. 3·3 ± 0·1) for the HEI-2015 index. Conclusions: Current cannabis users’ usual intakes reflect lower diet quality compared with never or previous users, particularly lower subcomponent scores of total vegetables, greens and beans, total fruit and whole fruit. Cannabis users should increase their intake of fruit and vegetables to improve overall diet quality.

scholarly journals Diet quality in a sample of adults from Cuiabá (MT), Brazil: association with sociodemographic factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anarlete da Silva Loureiro ◽  
Regina Maria Veras Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Paulo Rogério Melo Rodrigues ◽  
Rosângela Alves Pereira ◽  
Loiva Lide Wendpap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dietary quality of adults and to identify associated factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out in a sample of adults (n=195), aged 20-50 years, of both genders, from a population-based study in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Food consumption data was collected by a food frequency questionnaire. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and body composition data were also collected. Diet quality was analyzed by the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised. The associations were estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS: The mean Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised score was 75.2 points (CI95%=74.2-76.1), which differed significantly between the genders (p=0.03). Women had higher scores for whole fruit and sodium (p<0.01), while men had higher scores for oils, nuts, and fish fat (p=0.02). Individuals aged >30 years had higher total Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised score and higher scores for the groups whole fruit; saturated fat; and calories from solid fats, alcoholic beverages, and added sugar (p<0.01). The Poisson regression between high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised and the independent variables showed that high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised was associated with being female, being aged 30 years or more, and being from families whose household head had 8 or more years of formal education. CONCLUSION: The factors associated with high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised were age, gender, and education level of the household head.

scholarly journals Diet quality among Iranian adolescents needs improvement

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Fahime Akbari ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Mean Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Systematic Cluster

AbstractObjectiveDiet in adolescence is important not only because of adolescents’ rapid growth but also due to its influence on future chronic diseases. On the other hand, dietary quality indices are noteworthy and useful approaches to evaluate dietary intakes. Thus the present study was conducted to assess dietary quality indices in adolescents.DesignCross-sectional.SettingsThe data were collected from schools in Isfahan, Iran.SubjectsFemale students (n 265) aged 11–13 years were enrolled using systematic cluster-random sampling in Isfahan (Iran). Dietary intakes were assessed by a validated FFQ. Diet quality indices including dietary diversity score (DDS), the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) across ten nutrients were calculated.ResultsMean DDS, HEI score and MAR were 6·15 (sd 1·61) out of 10 points, 63·90 (sd 19·86) out of 100 points and 1·32 (sd 0·61), respectively. Mean nutrient adequacy ratio of all nutrients was above 1 except for vitamin D (0·53 (sd 0·51)). Those in the highest tertile of DDS had the most favourable anthropometric variables in comparison to the lowest tertile. There were no significant associations between HEI score and BMI, central or abdominal obesity and blood pressure. Those in the highest tertile of MAR had higher BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference.ConclusionsDiet quality of Isfahani adolescents needs improvement. It may imply the necessity of implementing nutritional instructive policies in this age group and their parents.

scholarly journals Diet quality on meatless days: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1564-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zach Conrad ◽  
Micaela Karlsen ◽  
Kenneth Chui ◽  
Lisa Jahns
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Game Birds

AbstractObjectiveTo compare diet quality scores between adult non-meat eaters and meat eaters, and to compare the consumption of diet components across quintiles of diet quality.DesignCross-sectional analysis. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) were used to assess mean diet quality. Differences in consumption of diet components between quintiles of diet quality were tested usingpost hocWald tests andztests.SettingThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2012.SubjectsThe sample consisted of 16810 respondents aged≥18 years, including 280 individuals who reported not consuming meat, poultry, game birds or seafood on two non-consecutive days of dietary recall. Dietary data were obtained from one dietary recall per individual.ResultsNon-meat eaters had substantially greater HEI-2010 and AHEI-2010 scores than meat eaters (P<0·05). Among non-meat eaters, mean consumption across HEI-2010 quintiles demonstrated different (P<0·05) amounts of empty calories and unsaturated:saturated fatty acids. Mean consumption across AHEI-2010 quintiles demonstrated different (P<0·05) amounts of nuts and legumes, vegetables and PUFA.ConclusionsPublic health messages targeted at vegetarians and others who may choose to eat meat-free on certain days should emphasize decreased consumption of empty calories, and increased consumption of nuts and legumes, PUFA and vegetables, as a way to improve overall dietary quality.

scholarly journals Association of adherence to the dietary approach to stop hypertension diet and diet quality indices among women in Tehran: A cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Hana Arghavani ◽  
Elnaz Daneshzad ◽  
Nazli Namazi ◽  
Bagher Larijani ◽  
Mohammadreza Askari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dash Diet

Background: Examining dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) diet based on other dietary quality indices can be helpful to clarify positive aspects of this healthy dietary pattern. We aimed to examine the association between the DASH diet score and some diet quality indices among Iranian women. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 304 women aged 20 to 50 years old were recruited. Dietary diversity score (DDS), dietary energy density (DED), adherence to DASH diet, AlternativeHealthy Eating Index (AHEI) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were examined as suggested by previous articles. Dietary quality indices, anthropometric indices, and dietary intake were categorized based on DASH tertiles. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire with 168items was used for dietary assessment. Results: There were no significant differences in the demographic characteristics of participants across DASH tertiles (P>0.05). Participants who adhered more to the DASH diet had lower DEDthan those with lower adherence (0.99±0.35 vs 1.26±0.30; P=0.01). Significant differences were observed in the index of DDS across tertiles (P=0.01), however no differences in nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and MAR (0.93) index across the DASH categories were found.Additionally, DDS to DED in the top tertile of the DASH diet was greater than the bottom one(6.7±2.9 vs 4.4±1.9; P=0.001). Conclusion: The present study indicated that greater adherence to the DASH diet is inversely associated with DED and AHEI. As well as, there was a positive association between the DASHdiet and DDS/DED ratio. However, more studies are needed to confirm the results of this study.

scholarly journals Association of Yogurt Consumption with Nutrient Intakes, Nutrient Adequacy, and Diet Quality in American Children and Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3435
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Cifelli ◽  
Sanjiv Agarwal ◽  
Victor L. Fulgoni
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
American Children

The popularity of yogurt has increased among consumers due to its perceived health benefits. This study examined the cross-sectional association between yogurt consumption and nutrient intake/adequacy, dietary quality, and body weight in children and adults. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2016 data (n = 65,799) were used and yogurt consumers were defined as those having any amount of yogurt during in-person 24-h diet recall. Usual intakes of nutrients were determined using the National Cancer Institute method and diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores after adjusting data for demographic and lifestyle factors. The data show that approximately 6.4% children and 5.5% adults consume yogurt, with a mean intake of yogurt of 150 ± 3 and 182 ± 3 g/d, respectively. Yogurt consumers had higher diet quality (10.3% and 15.2% higher HEI-2015 scores for children and adults, respectively); higher intakes of fiber, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and vitamin D; and higher percent of the population meeting recommended intakes for calcium, magnesium, and potassium than non-consumers. Consumption of yogurt was also associated with lower body weight, body mass index (BMI), and 23% showed a lower risk of being overweight/obese among adults only. In conclusion, yogurt consumption was associated with higher nutrient intake, nutrient adequacy, and diet quality in both children and adults.

scholarly journals Dietary Acculturation among Puerto Rican Adults Varies by Acculturation Construct and Dietary Measure

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 (11) ◽  
pp. 1804-1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiemer Mattei ◽  
Amanda C McClain ◽  
Luis M Falcón ◽  
Sabrina E Noel ◽  
Katherine L Tucker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background The role of acculturation in dietary behaviors among Hispanics/Latinos in the United States remains unclear. Discrepancies may be explained by variations in acculturation constructs or ethnicity-specific dynamics. Objective We aimed to compare relations between 3 different acculturation constructs with dietary quality and patterns among Puerto Ricans in the mainland United States. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data with 1194–1380 Puerto Ricans, aged 45–75 y. Acculturation was measured with the use of a language-based scale (0–100; higher score denotes more English use), a psychological-based scale (0–50; higher score denotes stronger US orientation), and years living in the mainland United States. Diet quality scores (higher scores denote healthier diet) were defined with the use of the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI) and the Mediterranean Diet Score (MeDS). Three dietary patterns were previously derived with the use of principal components analysis. Adjusted multivariable regression models tested the association of each acculturation construct with diet quality score or pattern. Interaction terms were included for income or education status. Results Psychological-based acculturation, but not the other constructs, was positively associated with AHEI (β ± SE: 0.013 ± 0.004; P = 0.002) and MeDS (0.009 ± 0.005; P = 0.041). Income, but not education, moderated this association (P = 0.03), with higher diet quality observed with higher income (>$25,000) and stronger US orientation. All constructs were inversely associated with a traditional dietary pattern, with the language-based scale being stronger (z score β ± SE: −0.160 ± 0.032; P < 0.0001) than the psychological-based scale (−0.097 ± 0.028; P = 0.001) or years living in the mainland United States (−0.058 ± 0.028; P = 0.041). No associations were observed for the Western or sweets/desserts patterns. Conclusions In Puerto Rican adults, stronger psychological US orientation was associated with higher diet quality, particularly with higher income. More Spanish use, stronger psychological Puerto Rican orientation, and shorter length of mainland-US residency were associated with traditional dietary patterns. Appropriate diet-related acculturation constructs should be carefully considered among Hispanics/Latinos. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01231958.

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