scholarly journals The Rise and Fall of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 089719002199739
Author(s):  
Rana Aljadeed
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
World Health ◽  
Off Label Use ◽  
Off Label ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Label Use

On March 11th, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the unprecedented outbreak of “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2) to be a pandemic. Thus far, COVID-19 has infected over 58,229,138 individuals and caused 1,382,106 deaths worldwide. This has led to the re-purposing of available drugs under “off-label” use—drugs such as hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine. Both drugs have since been evaluated for their ability to treat COVID-19. Here, we summarize recent evidence regarding the use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. All data is current as of November 23, 2020.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2-Cholesterol Interaction: A Lot of Food for Thought

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Giovanni Di Guardo
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Catastrophe ◽  
Health Organization

With over 80 million cases, and 1,800,000 deaths reported at the end of 2020 by the World Health Organization, the “CoronaVirus Disease-2019” (CoViD-19) pandemic, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), should be viewed as a global catastrophe [...]

Impact OF Covid-19 on Several Industries in Context with the Dialysis Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Ashish Gujrathi
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Growth Opportunities ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Health Organization

Coronavirus (COVID-19) was recognized in late December in Hubei province of Wuhan city in China. This highly contagious disease, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is transmitted from humans to humans. After the first case in Wuhan, the disease rapidly spread to other parts of the globe. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) made an assessment that COVID-19 can be characterized as a pandemic. Thus, social-distancing became an important measure to stop the spread of this disease. Various countries across the world adopted nationwide lockdowns. This led to a completely new scenario for the world, where every business in each industry faced new challenges and witnessed new opportunities. Similarly, the medical personal protective industry, a vital part of the healthcare sector, also witnessed new growth opportunities.

scholarly journals Covid-19 and Acute Kidney Injury: Recent Updates

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Tahir Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
World Health ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In January 2020, the pathogen was identified and named by the World Health Organization as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). The consequent SARS-CoV-2-related disease was defined as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As data emerged about characteristics of the disease, it was found to be associated with increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). We explore the recent literature and reports emerging from the epicenters of the pandemic to help our viewers understand the nature of AKI among these patients. 

scholarly journals Coronavirus Disease 2019 Occupational Considerations for Surgeons: A Review Article

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Seyed Hesamaddin Banihashemi ◽  
Ahmadreza Karimi ◽  
Hasti Nikourazm ◽  
Behnaz Bahmanyar ◽  
Dariush Hooshyar
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Review Article ◽  
World Health ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus and its associated disease, called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and quickly spread around the world. Coronavirus was officially named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization and was recognized as a pandemic due to its rapid spread worldwide. Based on the published data, it is hoped to provide a source for later studies and to help prevent and control the contagious COVID-19 and its characteristics, and considerations that surgeons and medical staff must observe during the epidemic.

scholarly journals Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Alm ◽  
Eeva K Broberg ◽  
Thomas Connor ◽  
Emma B Hodcroft ◽  
Andrey B Komissarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Over Time

We show the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three genomic nomenclature systems to all sequence data from the World Health Organization European Region available until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation, compare the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Acute inflammatory painful polyradiculoneuritis: An uncommon presentation related to COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Antunes Dias ◽  
Ana Luiza Nunes Cunha ◽  
Patrícia Maria Pedrosa Pantoja ◽  
Carolina Lavigne Moreira ◽  
Pedro José Tomaselli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
World Health ◽  
Uncommon Presentation ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019,1 and the World Health Organization has declared it a pandemic in March 2020. Since then, severe neurological complications associated with COVID-19 have been described, including encephalitis and stroke.2,3 Recently, it has been recognized that acute neuropathies may also occur.4,5 Herein, we report a COVID-19 patient presenting an acute refractory painful polyradiculoneuritis.

Off-label use of bevacizumab in the treatment of retinal disease: ethical implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 668-672
Author(s):  
Landon James Rohowetz
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Off Label Use ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
The World ◽  
Label Use

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy has revolutionised the treatment of a variety of ophthalmic conditions and has become the first-line therapy for a range of retinal diseases. Bevacizumab, a VEGF inhibitor first approved for the treatment of colorectal cancer, has been shown to be nearly or virtually as effective and safe as other anti-VEGF therapies in the treatment of certain retinal diseases but is not approved or registered by the Food and Drug Administration or European Medicines Agency. While other anti-VEGF options are approved and registered, they are generally more expensive and less accessible. Accordingly, despite its off-label status, bevacizumab is frequently used for a variety of disabling retinal diseases. Indeed, bevacizumab is included on the World Health Organization’s list of essential medicines. However, its use in some parts of the world remains restricted due to its off-label status. How, then, should healthcare authorities approach this situation? What are the ethical and societal implications of adhering to a standard and generally effective evaluation and approval system while restricting access to a potentially cost-saving therapy? In countries where its use is not restricted, how should providers approach off-label treatment with bevacizumab? By examining the evidence behind bevacizumab’s efficacy and safety and evaluating the individual and societal implications of off-label use and restriction, this paper illustrates the ethical factors providers and policy makers must consider in the off-label use of bevacizumab and ultimately argues for increased access to bevacizumab in the treatment of retinal disease.

scholarly journals Routes for COVID-19 importation in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darlan Da S Candido ◽  
Alexander Watts ◽  
Leandro Abade ◽  
Moritz U G Kraemer ◽  
Oliver G Pybus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The global outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. As the number of imported SARS-CoV-2 cases is on the rise in Brazil, we use incidence and historical air travel data to estimate the most important routes of importation into the country.

scholarly journals Protecting healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 infection: practical indications

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (155) ◽  
pp. 200068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Ferioli ◽  
Cecilia Cisternino ◽  
Valentina Leo ◽  
Lara Pisani ◽  
Paolo Palange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Noninvasive Ventilation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Respiratory Devices

The World Health Organization has recently defined the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection a pandemic. The infection, that may cause a potentially very severe respiratory disease, now called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has airborne transmission via droplets. The rate of transmission is quite high, higher than common influenza. Healthcare workers are at high risk of contracting the infection particularly when applying respiratory devices such as oxygen cannulas or noninvasive ventilation. The aim of this article is to provide evidence-based recommendations for the correct use of “respiratory devices” in the COVID-19 emergency and protect healthcare workers from contracting the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Criteria for removing WHO travel warnings in relation to SARS - outcome of discussions between Hong Kong and World Health Organization

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

During a videoconference between Geneva and Hong Kong on 6 May, the World Health Organization (WHO) thanked the Hong Kong Secretary for Health, Welfare and Food for Hong Kong's continuing efforts at containing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). WHO thanked the Health Secretary in particular for allowing a Malaysian ship to enter the port recently with suspected SARS cases on board.

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