Increases in both HIV and syphilis among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: Urgent need for comprehensive responses

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242110364
Author(s):  
Thuong V Nguyen ◽  
Hau P Tran ◽  
Nghia V Khuu ◽  
Phuc D Nguyen ◽  
Tu N Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Syphilis Infection ◽  
Early Sexual Debut ◽  
Sti Prevention ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Sex With Men

The objective of this study was to determine the temporal trends and factors associated with HIV and syphilis infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in southern Vietnam. Data from the 2014–2018 national HIV sentinel surveillance of MSM aged 16 years or older were collected from three provinces, including An Giang ( N = 761), Can Tho ( N = 900), and Ho Chi Minh City ( N = 1426), and examined for changes in prevalence rates of HIV and syphilis and risk behaviors over time. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the trends and correlates of HIV and syphilis infections among MSM. There were upward trends for HIV (9.5% in 2014 to 14.2% in 2018, p-trend<0.01), syphilis (4.9% in 2014 to 8.0% 2018, p-trend<0.01), and HIV/syphilis co-infection (1.9% in 2014 to 3.1% in 2018, p-trend=0.01). Factors associated with HIV infection included place of residence, early sexual debut, consistent condom use and not engaging in anal sex during the past month, not knowing one’s HIV test results, having ever injected drugs, and having active syphilis. Additionally, early sexual debut and being HIV positive were associated with syphilis infection. Rising prevalences of these infections among MSM suggests an urgent need for comprehensive intervention packages for HIV/STI prevention.

scholarly journals Factors related to condomless anal intercourse between men who have sex with men: results from a European bio-behavioural survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. e174-e186 ◽  
Author(s):  
N S Sherriff ◽  
A M Jones ◽  
M Mirandola ◽  
L Gios ◽  
U Marcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Sti Prevention ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background Relationship status is an important factor associated with condomless anal intercourse (CAI) amongst men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods A multi-centre bio-behavioural survey with MSM was conducted in 13 European cities (n = 4901) exploring factors associated with CAI via bivariate and multivariate multilevel logistic regression analyses. Results Likelihood of CAI with casual partners was associated with being ‘out’ to a majority (AOR = 1.19;95% CI 1,1.42); knowing their HIV status (AOR = 1.86; 95% CI 1.25,2.76); using substances (1–2 AOR = 1.39; 95% CI 1.16,1.63, 2+ AOR = 1.81; 95% CI 1.35,2.42); being older (AOR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.97,0.99); successful sero-communication (AOR = 0.79; 95% CI 0.67,0.94); and, not having a recent HIV test (AOR = 0.78; 95% CI 0.66,0.92). CAI with steady partners was associated with successful sero-communication (AOR = 2.72; 95% CI 2.72,3.66); not having a recent HIV test (AOR = 1.26; 95% CI 1.09,1.46), and; being older (AOR = 0.99; 95% CI 0.98,0.99). Conclusions Understandings of partner type and/or relationship status in relation to CAI amongst MSM can potentially play an important role in the development of culturally appropriate HIV/STI prevention and risk-reduction efforts targeting at-risk MSM. Our results speak to the need to consider segmented and tailored public health and health promotion initiatives for MSM with differing CAI behaviours and relationship profiles.

scholarly journals Early and non-consensual sexual debut among Chinese men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiming Tang ◽  
Yehua Wang ◽  
Wenting Huang ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Sexual Debut ◽  
Chinese Men ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Consensual Sex ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background Early sexual debut and non-consensual sex have been linked to higher sexual risk and STI infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income countries. This study aimed to examine early and non-consensual sexual debut among Chinese MSM and to evaluate factors associated with early sexual debut and non-consensual sex. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 among Chinese men born biologically male, ≥ 18 years old, and who had ever engaged in anal sex with a man. Participants answered questions regarding socio-demographics, condomless sex, age at anal sexual debut with a man, and whether the first anal sex was consensual sex. Factors associated with an early sexual debut (< 18 years old) and non-consensual sex at sexual debut were evaluated. Results Overall, 2031 eligible men completed the survey. The mean age of sexual debut was 20.7 (SD = 4.3) years old. 17.6% (358/2031) of men reported early sexual debut, and 5.0% (101/2031) reported a non-consensual sexual debut. Early sexual debut was associated with having more male sexual partners (adjusted OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.06–1.15) and condomless anal sex in last three months (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.34–2.18) in last three months. MSM whose sexual debut was non-consensual were more likely to have condomless anal sex (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.17–2.66), and to have reported an early sexual debut (AOR = 2.72, 95% CI 1.75–4.21). Conclusions Many Chinese MSM reported early sexual debut and non-consensual sex, both of which are associated with sexual risk behaviors and drive STI transmission. These findings highlight the need for improving sexual health education among young people.

scholarly journals Vulnerability in the context of HIV and syphilis infection in a population of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1035-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Brignol ◽  
Inês Dourado ◽  
Leila D. Amorim ◽  
Lígia Regina Franco Sansigolo Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Syphilis Infection ◽  
Sti Prevention ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Individual Vulnerability ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Receptive Anal Sex ◽  
Early Sexual Initiation ◽  
Sex With Men

Social, individual, and programmatic vulnerability of men who have sex with men (MSM) in the context of the HIV epidemic and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) is a reality in many countries. The survey Behavior, Attitudes, Practices, and Prevalence of HIV and Syphilis in Men Who Have Sex with Men in 10 Brazilian Cities selected 383 MSM in the city of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, using the respondent driven sampling (RDS) technique. Individual vulnerability: early sexual initiation (51%), average of eight sex partners, and unprotected receptive anal sex with casual (32%) and steady partners (45%) and positive rapid tests HIV (6.5%) and syphilis (9%). Social vulnerability: young adults (80%), black race/skin color (91%), mean monthly family income of BRL 1,000.00, and personal history of discrimination (57%). Programmatic factors: no previous HIV test (63%) and no access to lubricant gel (88%). The study showed a profile of vulnerability and the urgent need for interventions and STI prevention in the MSM population in Salvador, in addition to high prevalence rates for HIV and syphilis.

scholarly journals Early and non-consensual sexual debut among Chinese men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiming Tang ◽  
Yehua Wang ◽  
Wenting Huang ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Sexual Debut ◽  
Chinese Men ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Consensual Sex ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background: Early sexual debut and non-consensual sex have been linked to higher sexual risk and STI infection in adulthood among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income countries. This study aimed to examine early and non-consensual sexual debut among Chinese MSM and to evaluate factors associated with early sexual debut and non-consensual sex. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 among Chinese men assigned male sex at birth, ≥18 years old, and who had ever engaged in anal sex with a man. Participants answered questions regarding socio-demographics, condomless sex, age at anal sexual debut with a man, and whether the first anal sex was consensual. Factors associated with an early sexual debut (<18 years old) and non-consensual sex at sexual debut were evaluated. We defined early sexual debut as having anal sex with another man at 17 years old or younger, and the participants were asked whether their first male-to-male anal sex was non-consensual. Results: Overall, 2031 eligible men completed the survey. The mean age of sexual debut was 20.7 (SD=4.3) years old. 17.6% (358/2031) of men reported early sexual debut, and 5.0% (101/2031) reported a non-consensual sexual debut. The early sexual debut was associated with having more male sexual partners (adjusted OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.06–1.15) and condomless anal sex in the last three months (AOR=1.71, 95% CI 1.34-2.18). MSM whose sexual debut was non-consensual were more likely to have condomless anal sex (AOR=1.76, 95% CI 1.17-2.66), and to have reported an early sexual debut (AOR=2.72, 95% CI 1.75-4.21). Conclusions: Many Chinese MSM reported early sexual debut and non-consensual sex, both of which are associated with sexual risk behaviors and drive STI transmission. These findings highlight the need for designing tailored interventions for MSM who experienced early sexual debut and non-consensual sex at debut.

scholarly journals Why we need pre-exposure prophylaxis: incident HIV and syphilis among men, and transgender women, who have sex with men, Bangkok, Thailand, 2005–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 430-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH Holtz ◽  
W Wimonsate ◽  
PA Mock ◽  
S Pattanasin ◽  
W Chonwattana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
Syphilis Infection ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sti Prevention ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Sex With Men

We describe incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis trends in men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) presenting for HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services and sexually transmitted infection (STI) management at the Silom Community Clinic, Bangkok, Thailand. Clients underwent rapid HIV testing and syphilis rapid plasma reagin (RPR) testing. For incidence analysis, we included clients with >1 follow-up visit. Initial negative HIV with subsequent positive HIV defined incident HIV infection; incident syphilis infection was defined as negative RPR followed by positive RPR (titer ≥1:8) and confirmatory anti- Treponema pallidum antibodies. Calculation of incidence using Poisson regression assumed a uniform probability distribution throughout the seroconversion interval. From 15 September 2005 to 31 December 2015, we tested 10,158 clients for HIV and 10,324 for syphilis. Overall, 7109 clients tested HIV-seronegative and contributed 7157 person-years (PY). Three-hundred forty-seven incident HIV infections resulted in an incidence rate of 4.8 per 100 PY (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.4–5.4). We found an inverted U-shape trend of HIV incidence over time with a peak of 6.4 per 100 PY in quarter 2/2011 ( p < 0.01) (Poisson with RCS function, p = 0.001). Overall, 8713 clients tested seronegative for syphilis and contributed 8623 PY. The incidence of syphilis infection was 4.4 per 100 PY (95% CI 3.9–4.8). Despite an apparent decline in HIV incidence among MSM and TGW attending VCT services, syphilis incidence rose and remained high. Evaluating temporal trends of HIV and syphilis incidence provides an opportunity to evaluate epidemic trajectories and target limited program funding. We recommend focused HIV and STI prevention interventions for MSM in Bangkok.

Factors Associated with HIV Testing History and Returning for HIV Test Results Among Men Who have Sex with Men in Thailand

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wipas Wimonsate ◽  
Sathapana Naorat ◽  
Anchalee Varangrat ◽  
Praphan Phanuphak ◽  
Kamolset Kanggarnrua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Extramarital Sex Among Nigerian Men

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kola Oyediran ◽  
Uche C. Isiugo-Abanihe ◽  
Bamikale J. Feyisetan ◽  
Gbenga P. Ishola
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Extramarital Sex ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gender Based

This study used data on currently married and cohabiting men aged 15 to 64 years from the 2003 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with extramarital sex. The results show that 16% engaged in extramarital sex in the 12 months preceding the survey and had an average of 1.82 partners. The results also show statistically significant association between extramarital sex and ethnicity, religion, age, age at sexual debut, education, occupation, and place of residence. Based on the study results, it could be concluded that significant proportions of Nigerians are exposed to HIV infection through extramarital sex. A fundamental behavioral change expected in the era of HIV/AIDS is the inculcation of marital fidelity and emotional bonding between marital partners. The promotion of condom use among married couples should be intensified to protect women, a large number of whom are exposed to HIV infection from their spouses who engage in unprotected extramarital sex. And, because of gender-based power imbalances within the family, a large number of the women are unable to negotiate consistent condom use by their partners.

scholarly journals Adolescent and non-consensual anal sexual debut among Chinese men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiming Tang ◽  
Yehua Wang ◽  
Wenting Huang ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Men ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Consensual Sex ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background: Adolescent sexual debut and non-consensual sex have been linked to higher sexual risk and STI infection in adulthood among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income countries. This study aimed to examine adolescent and non-consensual anal sexual debut among Chinese MSM and to evaluate factors associated with adolescent sexual debut and non-consensual anal sex.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted recently among Chinese men assigned male sex at birth, ≥18 years old, and who had ever engaged in anal sex with a man. Participants answered questions regarding socio-demographics, condomless sex, age at anal sexual debut with a man, and whether the first anal sex was consensual. Factors associated with an adolescent sexual debut (<18 years old) and non-consensual sex at sexual debut were evaluated. We defined adolescent sexual debut as having anal sex with another man at 17 years old or younger, and the participants were asked whether their first male-to-male anal sex was non-consensual.Results: Overall, 2031 eligible men completed the survey. The mean age of sexual debut was 20.7 (SD=4.3) years old. 17.6% (358/2031) of men reported adolescent sexual debut, and 5.0% (101/2031) reported a non-consensual sexual debut. The adolescent sexual debut was associated with having more male sexual partners (adjusted OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.06–1.15) and condomless anal sex in the last three months (AOR=1.71, 95% CI 1.34-2.18). MSM whose sexual debut was non-consensual were more likely to have condomless anal sex (AOR=1.76, 95% CI 1.17-2.66), and to have reported an adolescent sexual debut (AOR=2.72, 95% CI 1.75-4.21).Conclusions: Many Chinese MSM reported adolescent sexual debut and non-consensual sex, both of which are associated with sexual risk behaviors and drive STI transmission. These findings highlight the need for designing tailored interventions for MSM who experienced adolescent sexual debut and non-consensual sex at debut.

scholarly journals Uptake of HIV testing and HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men in Karnataka

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Vani Srinivas ◽  
Rajesh T. Patil ◽  
M. Chandrakantha ◽  
T. L. N. Prasad ◽  
Sunil D. Khaparde
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Human Immuno Deficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Sex With Men

Background: This paper presents the prevalence of human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) attending integrated counselling and testing Centres (ICTC) in selected districts of Karnataka.Methods: A cross sectional study was done at ICTCs. Men and transgenders coming with referral slips from targeted intervention (TI), non-government organizations (NGOs) were considered as MSMs. The basic demographic data, HIV test result and details of post- test counselling were collected in specific format. Data from 13 districts was obtained from April 2009 to March 2010 and comparing the prevalence of HIV among MSM in HIV sentinel surveillance (HSS).Results: Out of 8,276 MSMs in 13 districts, 2808 (33.9%) visited ICTCs with TI NGOs referral slips and were tested for HIV once in a year. The overall prevalence of HIV was 8.6%. Prevalence was highest (17.3%) among men in the age group of 41 to 45 years, illiterates (11.5%), unemployed (11.2%) and divorced and separated (13.3%) and widowed (13.6%) MSMs. Among those tested, 97.7% of MSM underwent post-test counselling and collected their report. The highest HIV prevalence was among MSMs from Mysore district (20.1%), followed by Udupi (19.9%) and Bagalkot (10.6%). Rest of all the other districts had less than 10% of HIV prevalence.Conclusions: The uptake of HIV testing among the MSM with referral slips was low in Karnataka. The prevalence level differs in various districts. There is need for more focused and effective counselling by peer educators for correct and consistent condom usage among illiterate, widowed and unemployed MSMs.

scholarly journals What happens after HIV self-testing? Results from a longitudinal cohort of Chinese men who have sex with men

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiming Tang ◽  
Wenting Huang ◽  
Haidong Lu ◽  
Bolin Cao ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background HIV self-testing (HIVST) is a promising approach to expand HIV testing. HIVST is a process in which a person performs an HIV test and interprets the result. Negative HIVST results may encourage men who have sex with men (MSM) to use HIV prevention services. The objective of this study was to examine behaviors (e.g., facility-based HIV testing, condom use) after a negative HIVST test result among Chinese MSM. Methods We collected data from MSM in eight Chinese cities over a 12-month period. This is a secondary analysis of longitudinal cohort data collected as part of an intervention trial to increase HIV testing. Men completed a survey that described sociodemographic information, sexual behaviors, HIV self-testing, and facility-based HIV testing. Men who completed at least one follow-up survey were included in this analysis. Generalized linear mixed models were used to evaluate whether HIVST increased subsequent facility-based HIV testing and consistent condom use. Results We included 1219 men. Most men (78.7%) were under 30 years old and had never been married (87.0%). 755 (61.9%) men tested for HIV and 593 (49.3%) men self-tested during the study period. At baseline, among men who had never been tested for HIV, 44.9% (314/699) initiated HIVST during the study period. HIVST was associated with subsequent facility-based testing (aOR of 1.87, 95% CI: 1.47–2.37). HIVST was also associated with subsequent consistent condom use (aOR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.13–2.06). Conclusion HIVST was associated with subsequent facility-based HIV testing and consistent condom use. HIVST may enhance uptake of related HIV prevention services at facilities, suggesting the need for more implementation research.

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